Download - 21 PEO Surface System Software GAP HUT 2015
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Production System
Reservoirs Wells Facilities and Surface System
MBAL PROSPER GAP
GAP analyses elements
in terms of their deliverability/
transferring capacity.
PVTP
Production Engineering and OptimisationSurface System Software - GAP
Prof Peter Behrenbruc h
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Examples
of
Subsea Systems
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N
JABIRU-9ST3
JABIRU-5A
JABIRU-2
JABIRU-3
JABIRU-7
JABIRU-10
JABIRU-8A
JABIRU-11
JABIRU-9/ 9ST
SL
SL
SL
JABIRU-6SL
JABIRU-8AST1
JABIRU-6
JABIRU-1A
JABIRU-7ST
JABIRU-4
JABIRU-11ST
SL
BHL
BHL
BHL
BHL
0 1 km
BHL
Jabiru FieldTop of Reservoir
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FLOWLINES
SURFACE LOCATIONRESERVOIR PENETRATION
BOTTOM HOLE LOCATION
HYDROCARBON DISTRIBUTIONJABIRU-9ST3
JABIRU-11ST1
JABIRU- 8AST1
JABIRU- 6
JABIRU- 4
JABIRU- 5A
JABIRU- 10
JABIRU- 2
JABIRU- 1A
JABIRU
VENTURE
(FPSO)JABIRU - 3
JABIRU - 7JABIRU7ST1
0 1Km
AC/L1
JABIRU FIELD
Jabiru DevelopmentFacility and Flowline Routing
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H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
Subcrops of Sandstone UnitsAPPRAISAL 1
CHALLIS-4
APPRAISAL 3
CHALLIS-5CHALLIS-1
CHALLIS-10
CHALLIS-2A
CHALLIS-3
CHALLIS-6
CHALLIS-7
CHALLIS-8
CHALLIS-9CHALLIS-11
WELL D
WELL B
WELL N
WELL M
(Recomplete C2.2)
WELL C
WELL A
WELL F
WELL E
WELL G
WELL H
0 0.5 1 Km
1350
1350
C3.0
C3.0
L
C2.2
C3.0
C3.2
C6.0
C4.0
C5.0
H
Challis Field: Subcrop Map
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FLOWLINES
CASSINI-2
CASSINI-1
CHALLIS-4
CHALLIS-5
CHALLIS-1
CHALLIS-10
CHALLIS-2A
CHALLIS-3
CHALLIS-6
CHALLIS-7
CHALLIS-8
CHALLIS-9
CHALLIS-11
CHALLIS VENTURE
0 1Km
TIMOR SEA
AC/L3
Challis-Cassini Field
Challis-Cassini Field: Flowline Layout
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Griffin AreaTop Zeepaard Formation Depth Map
WA-213-P
WA-12-L
WA-10-L
0 2 km
249,000 254,000 259,000 264,000
7,660,000
7,655,000
7,650,000
7,645,000
GRIFFIN-1
GRIFFIN-3
GRIFFIN-2
HILDA-1A
GRIFFIN-4
RAMILLIES-1
GRIFFIN-7
CHINOOK-2
CHINOOK-1
SCINDIAN-2
SCINDIAN-1A
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WA-213-P
WA-12-L
WA-10-L
0 2 km
249,000 254,000 259,000 264,000
7,660,000
7,655,000
7,650,000
7,645,000
GRIFFIN-5(H)
GRIFFIN-1
GRIFFIN-3
GRIFFIN-2
HILDA-1A
GRIFFIN-4
RAMILLIES-1
GRIFFIN-6/ST-1(H)
GRIFFIN-7
CHINOOK-2
CHINOOK-1
SCINDIAN-2/ST-1(H)
SCINDIAN-1A
Griffin AreaTop Birdrong Formation Depth Map
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Griffin Project - Actual Subsea Layout
DISTRIBUTIONSKID
OFFTAKETANKER
CH-1
SC-C
SC-1A
MID-DEPTH BUOY
ANCHOR
GAS EXPORT LINE
GR-5
GR-E
GR-A
GR-T
GR-D
GR-2
GR-1
GR-3
FPSO
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Typhoon Field, Gulf of MexicoB4 / B4.5 Structure Map
Graben
East-of-Graben
236 Area
236-2
236-1
236-2 ST
ST1
237-3
OH
237-2237-1
ST2
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Typhoon Field Layout
5 Coflexip Flowlines
Cameron Horizontal Trees
DH Control
Down Hole Nova Gauges
Coated 4.5 Tubulars
Down Hole Chemical Injection
Smart Wells
Smart Well
TLP
Typical, each well(1) Flowline
(1) Umbilical
Subsea Tree
Well GC237-3
Subsea Tree
Well GC237-1
Subsea Tree
Well GC237-2
Oil Export Pipeline
(by El Paso)
Gas Export Pipeline
(by ANR)
Subsea Tree
Well GC236-2
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Well Well
Manifold
Manifold
Pipeline
Separator
GAP Models
and Software
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SS ShlfRi sB
Surf M-fold
Surf Sep#1
JB
N1
N2A
N3A
N4A
N5AN6A
FPF #2
W5
W9
W6
W8
W7
N7AN8AN9AN10A
MW 5-9
MWB1
SurfSep#3
JBW2 Heat Jt
WR2
WR3
WR4
Surf Flw Ln
SS ShlfRi s
Pup
Heater
Gulf of Mexico, Integrated Production Model
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GAP Achievable Tasks
Completion Surface Production / Injection Network Modelling
Optimisation
- Naturally flowing oil wells
- Gas-lift wells
- ESP operated wells
- Condensate or gas producers
- Water producers- Water or gas injectors
GAP Opt imiser co ntro ls p roduct ion rates using wel lhead chokes,
ESP operat ing frequenc ies or al locat ion of l i f t gas to maximise
hydrocarbon produc t ion whi le honour ing co nstra ints on the
gathering sys tem, wel ls and reservoirs.
Allocation of Production
Predictions (Production Forecast)
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GAP Philosophy
Input system model data
Validate model by matching
Close the Loop before proceeding
A Snapshot of field performance
at a certain time
Use model for prediction
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GAP Technique
Calculation and optimisation based on nodes: connections points
Separator is the end node in GAP with fixed terminal pressure
Two levels of calculation:
- Level 1: Solving the network
- Level 2: Optimising the network response
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Optimiser
Optimising maximum oil/ gas production or gross revenue
by altering certain conditions, such as:
- back pressure of wells by applying wellhead chokes
- gas-lift gas allocated to individual gas-lift wells
- frequency of operation of ESP fitted wells
- frequency of operation of pumps/ compressors
- inline choke sizes
while honoring constraints (min water production, max pressure
constraint, velocity constraints, etc.).
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GAP Methodology
Generateto find well responses
by running PROSPER
Bui ldto find system responseby combining well responses to form a single,
composite response at nodes
Composite response by combining nodes
Flow streams combined optimally
Allocate gas and calculate pressure and rates
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Setting Up of GAP
Define system elements
- wells, joints, chokes, pipelines, pumps, compressors,
Graphically connect components- starting point must be a tank (reservoir)
- end point must be a separator
Enter system data- pipeline geometry, environment variables, compressor
properties,
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Calculation of Actual Production
Validation of IPR/ VLP generation and fitting process
Enter test flowing pressures to check that the well
model predicts measured rates
To match field production rates, test pressures must all
be compatible
Model errors now confined to pipeline pressure drops
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Pipelines
Uses standard correlations as in PROSPER
Pipeline pressure losses matched to measured
pressures and rates
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Pipeline Matching
As for PROSPERgravity and friction are separated
Where no elevation change, Parameter 1 = 1.0
Data must often be inferred, e.g. rates by subtraction
This step is vital to obtain a good match on actual production
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Constraints
Not needed in actual phase
Do not over-constrain
- ensure that constraints do not conflict
- use constraints sparingly
For every constraint, GAP must have themeans to meet it