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29.4 Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 61•Topic: 30.3 The Heart and Circulation
•Essential Question(s):
1.On the top of pg. 60 please create a double-bubble map comparing and contrasting pulmonary and systemic circulation. Add a picture to each.
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
30.3 The Heart and Circulation
KEY CONCEPT The heart is a muscular pump that moves the blood through two pathways.
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30.1 Respiratory and Circulatory Functions
Sponge • Think about the muscles in your body:
– Do they get tired?– Hurt?– Sore?– Torn?
• Now think about your heart. Does it do these things?
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30.3 The Heart and Circulation
KEY CONCEPT The heart is a muscular pump that moves the blood through two pathways.
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30.3 The Heart and Circulation
The tissues and structures of the heart make it an efficient pump.
• Cardiac muscle tissue works continuously without tiring.
NORMAL HUMAN HEART
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30.3 The Heart and Circulation
Regular heart vs. Enlarged Heart
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30.3 The Heart and Circulation
• The heart has four chambers: two atria, two ventricles.
• Valves in each chamber prevent backflow of blood.
• Muscles squeeze the chambers in a powerful pumping action.
aortic valve
left atrium
mitral valve
left ventricle
septum
pulmonary valve
right atrium
tricuspid
right ventricle
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30.3 The Heart and Circulation
1) Sinoatrial (SA) node, or pacemaker, stimulates atria to contract LUB
2) Atrioventricular (AV) node stimulates ventricles to contract DUB
SA node
VA node
• The heartbeat consists of two contractions.
Lub-dub
Lub-dub
Lub-dub
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30.3 The Heart and Circulation
1. oxygen-poor blood enters right atrium
2. It pumps into the right ventricle, which pumps blood to lungs
3. oxygen-rich blood from lungs enters left atrium
4. It pumps into the left ventricle, which pumps blood to body
• Blood flows through the heart in a specific pathway.
1
2
3
4
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30.3 The Heart and Circulation
Aorta
Right AtriumLeft Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left VentricleOxygen-poor blood
Oxygen-rich blood
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30.3 The Heart and Circulation
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30.3 The Heart and Circulation
The heart pumps blood through two main pathways.
• Pulmonary circulation occurs between the heart and the lungs.
– oxygen-poor blood enters lungs
– excess carbon dioxide and waterexpelled (exhale)
– blood picks up oxygen (inhale)
– oxygen-rich blood returns to heart
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30.3 The Heart and Circulation
• Systemic circulation occurs between the heart and the rest of the body.
– oxygen-rich blood goes to organs, extremities (arms/legs)
– oxygen-poor blood returns to heart
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30.3 The Heart and Circulation
• The two pathways help maintain a stable body temperature.