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5.1 The Ray Model of Light
• Some properties of light are best described by considering light as a wave. Other properties of light are best described by considering light as a particle.
• The ray model of light uses a straight line, or ray, to show the direction the light wave is traveling.
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(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007
Light and Matter
• Different materials can either transmit, absorb, or reflect light.
• Transparent materials allows light to pass through freely.
• Translucent materials lets most light through but scatters the light leaving.
• Opaque materials prevent light from passing through.
See pages 169 - 170
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Light and Matter
(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007
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(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007
Shadows
• A shadow is created when an opaque object absorbs light rays.
• Shadows demonstrate that light travels in straight lines.
See page 171
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Shadows
• A ray diagram shows how the distance from the light source affects the size of the shadow an object makes.
(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007
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(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007
Light Can Be Reflected
See page 172
• Reflection is when light bounces off of an object. To act like a mirror, the surface
must be smooth.
• The incoming ray of light is called the incident ray.
• The ray that bounces off the surface is called the reflected ray.
Incident rayReflected ray
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Light Can Be Reflected
(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007
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The Law of Reflection
See page 173
• The normal is an imaginary line perpendicular to the surface.
• The angle of incidence is measured from the normal to the incident ray.
• The angle of reflection is measured from the normal to the reflected ray.
The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.
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Light Can Be Refracted
See page 174
• When light travels from one transparent medium to a transparent medium it changes speed. This change in speed causes the light
to change direction.
• The bending of light, due to a change in speed, is called refraction.
• The angle of refraction is measured from the refracted ray to the normal.
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Refraction of Light in Water and Air
• Objects in water appear in a different location than they actually are. This is due to the refraction of the light.
• Light refracts when it passes through air at different temperatures. For example, a mirage is the light
from the sky bending as it approaches the warm air near the ground.
See page 175
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Refraction of Light in Water
See page 175
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Refraction of Light in Air
See page 175
Take the Section 5.1 Quiz