Download - 8 Parts of Speech
8 Parts of Speech8 Parts of Speech1. Noun 2. Pronouns3. Verbs4. Adjectives5. Adverbs6. Prepositions7. Conjunctions8. Interjections
Nouns (p. L39)Nouns (p. L39)A noun is the name of a person, place, thing, or idea. Nouns answer the who or what in the sentence.There are 6 types of nouns:
1. concrete – name people, places, and things you can usually touch or see
2. abstract – name ideas & qualities3. common – names any person, place, or thing4. proper – names a particular person, place or
thing (ALL proper nouns begin with a capital letter)
5. compound – noun that includes more than one word; EX. living room, home run, break-in, birdhouse, crosswalk
6. collective – names a group of people or things; EX. band, committee, league, family
Pronouns (p. L47)Pronouns (p. L47)A pronoun is a word that takes the place of one or more nouns.
Personal Pronouns: 1st person – I, me, my, mine, we, us, our, ours
2nd person: you, your, yours
3rd person: he, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its, they, them, their,
theirs
Pronoun Antecedents Pronoun Antecedents
A pronoun antecedent is the noun a pronoun refers to or replaces in a sentence.
Ex. Dion said he couldn’t go to the zoo.
Pronoun = hePronoun antecedent =
Dion
Pronoun Practice p. L47-Pronoun Practice p. L47-48481. Juanita brought her camera on
the trip to the zoo.2. Steve asked Juanita to take a
picture of him.3. Linda said, “I enjoy the reptiles.”4. Gretchen and Margo said they
were looking for the penguins.5. Ms. Jackson told Henry that she
liked to watch the monkeys.
Pronouns (cont’d)Pronouns (cont’d)
Reflexive/Intensive pronouns refer to or emphasize another noun or pronoun.
EX: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
Indefinite pronouns refer to unnamed people, places, things or ideas.
EX: another, anybody, anyone, anything, each, either, everybody, everyone, everything, much, neither, nobody, no one, one, somebody, someone, something, both, few, many, others, several, all, any, most, none, some
Pronoun Practice p. L52-Pronoun Practice p. L52-53531. In the early 1840s, adventurous
settlers readied themselves for the overland trip to the West.
2. Life in the Oregon country held new promise for them.
3. The settlers themselves could never have anticipated all the hardships they encountered on the two-thousand mile Oregon Trail.
Pronouns (cont’d)Pronouns (cont’d)
Demonstrative pronouns point out a specific person, place, thing, or idea.
EX. this, that, these, those
Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions.
EX. what, which, who, whom, whose
Pronoun Practice p. L57Pronoun Practice p. L57
1. Who is going to the dance on Saturday?
2. That is the most important question on our minds.
3. This is my outfit for the dance.4. Of all my shoes, these will
match my dress best.5. What is the first song going to
be?
Verbs p. L69Verbs p. L69A verb is a word that expresses
action or a state of being.
An action verb tells what action a subject is performing.◦Action verbs show physical and
mental action or show ownership
Verbs p. L69Verbs p. L69A verb phrase includes a main
verb plus any helping, or auxiliary, verbs.◦Ex. The whales will have migrated
by October.◦The students could certainly learn
more about the sea.◦Should our class visit the ocean?◦I have never seen a killer whale.
Helping Verbs p. L70Helping Verbs p. L70There are 23 most common
helping verbs.◦be: am, is, are, was, were, be, being,
been◦have: has, have, had◦do: do, does, did◦Others: may, might, must, can,
could, shall, should, will, would
Verb Practice p. L70-71Verb Practice p. L70-71
1. Dr. Lilly, a scientist from California, has been experimenting with dolphins for many years.
2. He has made some curious claims about them.
3. Dolphins have larger brains than humans.
4. Their language contains at least fifty thousand words.
Verb Practice p. L71Verb Practice p. L71
5. Their brains can handle four different conversations at one time.
6. They can also judge between right and wrong.
7. Dolphins can remember sounds and series of sounds.
8. They can even communicate among themselves.
Linking Verbs (“to be” verbs)Linking Verbs (“to be” verbs) p. L75 p. L75A linking verb links the subject
with another word in the sentence. The other word either renames or describes the subject.
Common Forms of Common Forms of BeBeBe, is, am, are, was, wereShall be, will be, can be, could
be, should be, would be, may be, might be
Have been, has been, had been, could have been, should have been, may have been, might have been, must have been
Additional Linking Verbs p. Additional Linking Verbs p. L76L76AppearBecomeFeelGrowLookRemain
SeemSmellSoundStayTasteTurn
Linking Verb Practice p. L76-Linking Verb Practice p. L76-77771. My childhood on the farm
was great.2. Childhood memories should
be happy for everyone.3. My mother had been a city
girl.4. My father could have been a
doctor.5. Instead, he was a farmer.
Linking Verb Practice p. Linking Verb Practice p. L77L771. The weather suddenly turned
colder.2. The sky looks dark today.3. The clouds have grown thicker.4. The gentle breeze became a strong
wind.5. The raindrops felt cold against my
skin.6. The dog appeared quite upset.7. The thunder sounded very loud.
HomeworkHomeworkComplete Pronoun & Verbs handouts◦Due Tuesday
Adjectives/AdverbsAdjectives/Adverbs
ADJECTIVES P. L91 – L101ADJECTIVES P. L91 – L101
Word that modifies a noun or pronoun
Describing wordsQuestions adjectives answer:
◦What kind?◦Which one(s)?◦How many?◦How much?
Adjectives cont’dAdjectives cont’dArticles are also adjectives: a, an, thePronouns may be used as adjectives
◦ Ex. I think her graphic will certainly win a prize.
Demonstrative, interrogative and indefinite pronouns can act as adjectives.◦ In order for these pronouns to be adjectives, a
noun must follow the pronoun. Ex. These boots are too large for me.
(Adjective) Ex. These are too large for me. (Pronoun)
Adjective practiceAdjective practice1. Laura bought a blue blouse with
white trimmings.
2. Several athletes complained about the old stadium.
ADJECTIVE EXAMPLESADJECTIVE EXAMPLES
3. The writer, tall and impressive, entered the auditorium.
4. Each one in the class will develop
an original project.
ADJECTIVE PRACTICEADJECTIVE PRACTICE5. This short story by Pearl Buck has a
surprise ending.
6. If you are interested, I will show you my camera.
ADVERBS P. L104-L110ADVERBS P. L104-L110Modify adjectives, verbs, and other
adverbs◦ Questions adverbs answer:◦ Where?◦ When?◦ How?◦ To what extent?
Many end in –ly; however, many do not. (See chart p. L 104)◦Ex. Afterward, almost, alone, fast, hard,
here, just, too, very, well, rather, sometimes, somewhere
Adverb ExamplesAdverb Examples1. At the debate, you must speak
clearly.
2. I almost finished my homework in an hour.
Adverb ExamplesAdverb Examples3. I have often wondered about her
past.
4. We have changed our minds completely.
Adverb ExamplesAdverb Examples5. Our team plays hard.
6. I am not surprised.
Adjective & Adverb Adjective & Adverb HomeworkHomework
October 19th Assignment: In BK grammar book:
◦ P. L92-L93 (1-10) ◦ P. L95-96 (1-12)◦ P. L97-L98 (1-10)◦ P. L101 (1-10) ◦ P. L110-L111 (1-20)
Due Friday, October 23rd
◦ If you are struggling with these exercises, you need to attend BLAST. Remember, BLAST is offered Monday – Thursday in room 142
PREPOSITIONS p. L125-L131PREPOSITIONS p. L125-L131A word that shows the relationship
between a noun or a pronoun and another word in the sentence◦EX. The letter to Lori was lost.
Preposition = to Shows a relationship between Lori and the letter
Review list of prepositions on p. L125◦EX. The letter to Lori was lost.
Preposition = to Shows a relationship between Lori and the letter
4 Uses of Prepositions4 Uses of Prepositions1. Location: Many prepositions tell where
something is in relation to something
else.
Example: The cat hid under the tree.
Other popular prepositions that show location are: in, on, inside, above and near.
4 Uses of Prepositions4 Uses of Prepositions
2. Direction/Action: Other prepositions tell where something is going.
Example: The car drove to the café.
3. Time: A few prepositions help to tell
time in a sentence.
Example: During the race, Bob’s shoelace came untied.
4 Uses of Prepositions4 Uses of Prepositions
4. Relationship: Other prepositions show the relationship between a noun (or pronoun) and another word.
Example: That poem was written by Edgar Allen Poe.
PrepositionsPrepositionsA preposition that is made up of
two or more words is called a compound preposition.
Review list of common compound prepositions on p. L126.
Prepositional Phrases p. Prepositional Phrases p. L127L127A prepositional phrase begins with
a preposition and ends with a noun or a pronoun (object of the preposition).◦EX. England is the setting of this
suspenseful mystery. Preposition = of Noun = mystery Prepositional phrase = of this suspenseful
mystery
Preposition PracticePreposition Practice
1. I placed the lawn mower in a corner of the garage.
2. During the spring, I often visit a flower show.
Preposition PracticePreposition Practice
3. A man from the IRS called father at home.
4. She finally agreed in spite of her original protests.
Preposition PracticePreposition Practice
5. Father is not terribly worried about them.
6. A group of students demonstrated in front of the building.
Homework (due Tuesday)Homework (due Tuesday)Complete “Preposition Practice”
handout
Grammar quiz over all parts of speech Friday, 11/14
CONJUNCTIONS p. L132CONJUNCTIONS p. L132
Connects words or groups of words
2 types: coordinating & correlative
Coordinating ConjunctionsCoordinating ConjunctionsFANBOYS:
ForAndNorButOrYetSo
Correlative ConjunctionsCorrelative ConjunctionsPairs of connecting words
◦Both/and◦Either/or◦Neither/nor◦Not only/But so◦Whether/or
INTERJECTIONS p. L135INTERJECTIONS p. L135A word that expresses strong
feeling or emotionFollowed by an exclamation point
(!) or comma (,)Express feelings such as joy or
angerGenerally at the beginning of a
sentence
◦Ex. Oh, did you see that pass? Interjection = Oh
Parts of Speech ReviewParts of Speech Review