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8th Grade ScienceMrs. Dickerson
Some images are from www.chem4kids.com
www.middleschoolscience.com 2008
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Groups on the Periodic TableElements on the periodic table can be
grouped based on their chemical properties.Each group has a specific name to
differentiate it from the other groups in the periodic table.
Elements in each groupreact differently with other elements.
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HYDROGENThis element does not match the properties
of any other group, so it stands alone.It is placed above Group 1, but it is not a part
of that group.Very reactiveColorlessOdorlessGas at room temperature
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ALKALI METALSGroup 1Hydrogen is not a member, it is
a non-metal1 electron in the outer shellSoft, shiny, silver-colored metalsVery reactive, esp. with waterNever found in nature in their
pure formConduct electricity
Image: http://www.learner.org/interactives/periodic/groups2.html
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Alkali Metals ExamplesLithium
Sodium
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ALKALINE-EARTH METALSGroup 22 electrons in the
outer shellWhite or silver-
colored and malleable (easily shaped)
Reactive, but less than Alkali metals
Conduct electricity
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Alkaline-Earth Metals Examples
Calcium
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TRANSITION METALSGroups 3 - 12
Good conductors of heat and electricity.
Some are used for jewelry.
The transition metals are able to put up to 32 electrons in their second to last shell.
Shiny
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Transition Metals Examples
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BORON GROUPGroup 133 electrons in
the outer shell4 are metalsBoron is a
metalloid
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Boron Group ExamplesAluminum
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CARBON GROUPGroup 144 electrons in
the outer shellContains 2
metals, 2 metalloids, and one nonmetal
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Carbon Group ExamplesCarbon Fiber
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NITROGEN GROUPGroup 155 electrons in the
outer shellCan share
electrons to form compounds
Contains 1 metal, two metalloids, and two nonmetals
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Nitrogen Group ExamplesNitrogen is found in fertilizers
Liquid Nitrogen
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OXYGEN GROUPGroup 166 electrons in
the outer shellContains 1
metal, 1 metalloid, and 3 nonmetals
Reactive group
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Oxygen Group Examples
Sulfur is found ingunpowder
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HALOGENSGroup 177 electrons in the
outer shellAll are non-metalsVery reactive are
often bonded with elements from Group 1
Poor conductors of heat and electricity
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Halogen Group Examples
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NOBLE GASESGroup 18Exist as gasesNon-metals8 electrons in the
outer shell = FullHelium (He) has
only 2 electrons in the outer shell = Full
Not reactive with other elements
Colorless and odorless at room temperature
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Noble Gases Examples
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LANTHANIDES AND ACTINIDESRare earth
metalsLanthanides
are shiny and reactive
Actinides are ALL radioactive and unstable
Conduct electricity
Elements 93-118 do not exist in nature but have been manufactured in the lab
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LANTHANIDES AND ACTINIDES
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