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SPEED CONTROL SYSTEMWITH RFID EQUIPPED
VEHICLE
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AIM OF THE PROJECT To control the speed of the vehicles at
restricted areas in city #vi&. school &one'hospital &one% with certain speed limits
mentioned on the roads. (ere we are using RF!$ card reader in
identifying the speed limit mentioned onthe road' which is interfacing with the
controller. RF!$ is a key role in our pro)ect.
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BLOCK DIAGRAM
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COMPONENTS USED INTHE PROJECT
M!*R+ *+,TR+--R #/T01S23%
RF!$ */R$
RF!$ */R$ R/$R M/45363
$* M+T+R
M+T+R $R!7R
-*$
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MICRO CONTROLLERPIN DIAGRAM
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FEATURES OF ATMEL89S52 *ompatible with M*S528 9roducts
0: ;ytes of !n5System 9rogrammable #!S9% FlashMemory
< ndurance= 8>>> ?rite@rase *ycles A.>7 to 2.27 +perating Range
Fully Static +peration= > (& to 66 M(&
32B: !nternal R/M
63 9rogrammable !@+ -ines 6 8B5bit Timer@*ounters
ight !nterrupt Sources
$ual $ata 9ointer
9ower5o Flag
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RFID Radio Freuency !denti"cation #RF!$% is
a technology that uses radio freuenciesto automatically identify and track
people or ob)ects. RF!$ oers higher data storage
capacities' higher identi"cation speeds'and greater immediacy and accuracy of
data collection
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RFID TAG
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RFID WORKING AT BASICSTAGE /t a basic level' each tag works in the same
way=
$ata stored within an RF!$ tagCs microchipwaits to be read.
The tagCs antenna receives electromagneticenergy from an RF!$ readerCs antenna.
Dsing power from its internal battery or powerharvested from the readerCs electromagnetic
"eld' the tag sends radio waves back to thereader.
The reader picks up the tagCs radio waves andinterprets the freuencies as meaningful data.
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RFID CARD READER /n RFID re!er is a device that is used to
interrogate an RF!$ tag.
The reader has an antenna that emits radiowaves the tag responds by sending back its data.
RF!$ tags transmit their identi"cation codeand are detected by the RF!$ readers onboardthe vehicle.
The information is transmitted to a M*' which
determines the correspondence between tag!$ and readers.
This M* communicates the new target speedas well as other relevant data for the control ofthe vehicle.
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MA"#2$2 !t is a dual RS363 receiver @ transmitter
that meets all RS363 speci"cations whileusing only G27 power supply.
!t has two onboard charge pump voltageconverters which generate G8>7 to 58>7power supplies from a single 27 supply.
!t has four level translators' two of whichare RS363 transmitters that convert
TT-@*M+S input levels into G17 RS363outputs.
The other two level translators are RS363receivers that convert RS363 input to 27.
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DC MOTOR /n electric motor is a machine which
converts electrical energy intomechanical energy.
/ $* motor is designed to run on $*electric power.
?hen electric "eld passes through thecoil in a magnetic "eld' the magnetic
force produces a torue which turns the$* motor.
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WORKING OF A DC MOTOR
Electric current is supplied
externally through commutator
Magnetic force acts
perpendicular to both wire
and magnetic field
Commutator reverses the
current each half revolution to
keep the torque running the coil
in the same direction
Torque in dc motor
Current in dc motor
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The running torque of
the motor is proportional
to magnetic field
The magnetic field is
directed from north pole
to south pole.
Magnetic force acts
perpendicular to both wire
and magnetic field
Magnetic field in dc motor
Force in dc motor
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RELAYS
/ relay is an electrical switch thatopens and closes under the control of
another electrical circuit. !n the original form' the switch is
operated by electromagnet to openor close one or many sets of contact'
because of the relay is able to controlan output circuit higher power thanthe input circuit.
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/ 8Bx3 -*$ can display 8Bcharacters per line '
there are two such lines.
!n this -*$ ach character isdisplayed in 2xH
pixel matrix.
This -*$ has two registers=*ommand and $ata.
!n our pro)ect' we use this -*$ fordisplaying the
speed of the vehicle when it is
LIQID CR!"TAL DI"#LA!
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WORKING
;ased on r"d principle' whenever ther"d card reads certain freuency #speed
in this case%' the vehicle speed reducesto that limit of speed.
This limit of speed is maintained untilthe freuency changes.
/s soon as the vehicle crosses over thespeed limit &one' it moves with its ownspeed.
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#OW$R "##L!
For biasing the microcontroller 2 volts isreuired and hence this circuit is used
to get an output of 2 volts.
VIN (ac)
VIN (ac)
Vout (dc)1 2 3
Regulator |
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2
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3
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4
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SOFTWARE USED&
L'()(e *
mbedded I*J
TOOLS* :eil Kvision6.
The :eil is used to compile the program
written in embedded * and convert itto hex "le.
xpress 9*;.
* Source *ompiler.
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ADVANTAGESL /ccidents are avoided at least in the speed
restricted areas such as school and hospital&ones.
L Moreover it also ensures ecienttransportation of vehicles.
L Restricted areas are controlledautomatically rather than manually.
L ase of checking process at high ways andcheck points.
L The proposed on5board architecture isportable and easily adaptable to anycommercial car with minimal modi"cations.
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FTR$ $N%ANC$M$NT
!n our pro)ect' only the test vehiclewas present on the road. !n normaldriving situations' we can expect
other vehicles circulating nearby andpossibly blocking or attenuatingsome of the RF!$ transmittingsignals' especially with large vehicles
like trucks. !n this aspect' more experimentation
is needed to know how this
circumstance will aect the vehicleJscontrol erformance. / ossible
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CONCLUSION The speed control of a vehicle on the road
which can help to decrease one of thema)or causes of fatalities= the excessive orinadeuate vehicle speed.
since active RF!$ technology permits todetect the presence and identity of thevehicles reliably and suciently inadvance' so corrective actions on the
vehicleJs behaviour can be taken. the vehicleJs speed is successfully
controlled as a result of the detection ofthe signals' increasing the driverJs safety.
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W E H U M B L
Y I N V I T
E Y O U
R
Q $ R I $ "
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