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9/26/14
Objective: How are humans impacting biodiversity?
Do Now: What is the difference between a threatened and endangered species?
(Finish video clip)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XWBzwtVXzXc
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Endangered
• Endangered in immediate danger of extincition .
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Threatened
• A species that is likely to become endangered if it is not protected.
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What is the #1 cause?• Habitat destruction leads to species
endangerment
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What is biodiversity?• Biodiversity: the total of genetically different
organisms in an area
A lot of biodiversity: Rainforest
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What is biodiversity?• Biodiversity: the total of genetically different
organisms in an area
litte biodiversity: corn field, desert
How might low biodiversity effect the stability of an ecosystem?
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Levels of Diversity
• Species diversity: # of different species in an area
• Ecosystem diversity: the variety of habitats, communities within an ecosystem
• Genetic Diversity: different genes within a population
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Importance of Biodiversity
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Keystone Species
• Keystone species: a species that has a major impact and role within an ecosystem. Without them the ecosystem will fall apart.– Sea otter(Decrease Sea Otter Increase sea urchin-
Decrease Kelp- Decrease Fish spawning
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3W4OCnHyCs (sea urchin)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5xE1bRtl4aA (29 min)
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Biodiversity Loss- Deforestation
• The clearing of land without replacing it
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Hunting and Poaching
• Illegal trade of endangered animals• Illegal poaching of animals for food, shelter,
trophies
Caspian Tiger- 1970 (Iran, Afghanistan, Turkey)
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Biological Magnification
• DDT was eaten by insects, washed into soils and streams and passed through food webs.
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Biological Magnification
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What is biological magnification?
• Biological magnification: concentrations of harmful substances increase through a food chain/web
• DDT: harmful pesticide used during the 60s to kills insects that pray on crops.
(Planet in Peril- body burden)
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Invasive Species
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k3N5t70aJ2A
Invasive Species: Species introduced to a non-native area.
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Why is biodiversity important?
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-HSaAlPRN-c
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ActivityD = Douglas Fir
N= Noble Fir
C= Western Red Cedar
M= Vine Maples
H = Western Hemlocks
W= White Fir
L= Lodge pole pine
WP= Western White Pines
B= Bigleaf Maple
WD= Western Dogwood
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Species and Population SurvivalLots of genetic diversity more likely to survive
environmental change
Bottleneck Effect:
Population shrinks, genetic diversity decreases
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Ethics, Aesthetics, and Ecotorism
• Species have a right to exist
Ecotorism: Tourism created to support conservation
sustainable development of ecologically diverse areas Rainforests Coral reefs Tundra
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Nonrenewable resources: resources that cannot be replaced once they are used
Nonrenewable Resources
Examples: fossil fuels (gas, coal), minerals (silicon), metals for packaging
Using too many nonrenewable resources will cause their depletion (reduction)
Recall the Oil graphs
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Renewable resources: resources that can be replaced
Renewable Resources
Examples: food, water, solar energy
Increased consumption can stress the natural processes that renew some resources
(ex. Fish)
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How can we help maintain our supply of both renewable and nonrenewable resources?
Preserving our Resources
Reduce: avoid using resource (walk, bike, carpool)
Reuse: Use product over and over (dishes, paper bags)
Recycle: Discard in a way that it can be used again
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Exponential Growth• Population increases with each generation
Due to:- an increase in food production- an increase in hygiene- an increase in medicine and technology
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Carrying Capacity• Carrying Capacity: the maximum population
an ecosystem can support.
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Carrying Capacity is reached when…
• A species consumes a particular natural resource at the same rate at which the ecosystem produces the resource
• Limiting Factors: can be sunlight,water, food, space, mineral nutrients, oxygen, etc.
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Carbon Footprint
• The amount of carbon emitted by you in your daily lives.