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CITY OF ORLANDO:A Case Study in the Coordination of
Land Use and Transportation
Ruth L. SteinerUniversity of Florida
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Outline of PresentationOutline of PresentationThe Planning Context of OrlandoNew Urbanism/Neo-traditional Development New Urbanism in the City of Orlando
Background on OrlandoTransportation Investments in Downtown OrlandoNew Development in DowntownFinal Observations
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Lessons from Redevelopment of Lessons from Redevelopment of Downtown Orlando Downtown Orlando
Redevelopment Effort has been – Continuous, Consistent and Evolving– Based Upon a Common Vision – Developed through Major Public Participation Plan– With Realistic Financing Plan; and– Defined Roles for Public and Private Sector
City Uses Transportation Investments to Support Development– Connectivity/Lymmo System – Pedestrian Improvements
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Planning Context of OrlandoPlanning Context of Orlando
Florida Growth Management Acts (1972 - )– Developments of Regional Impact– Local Comprehensive Planning (1975, 1985)– Coordination of Public Facilities and Services
with Development (Concurrency (1985, 1992, 1993, 1999))
– Sustainable Communities Initiative (1996)
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Planning Context of OrlandoPlanning Context of OrlandoLocal Redevelopment Plans for Downtown– 1970s: Citizens Pass a Referendum Creating Special
Tax District; Downtown Development Board (DDB) created; Central City Plan
– 1980s: Community Redevelopment Plan; Community Redevelopment Agency; Tax Increment District created; Meter Eater; Bob Carr Performing Arts Center; O-rena; Church Street Market; Farmer’s Market at Lake Eola
– 1990s: Downtown Redevelopment Plan; Neighborhood Revitalization begins; Mixed use center in Thornton Park; City Hall, Courthouse, SunTrust; Nations Bank; First Union; CNL, and Capital Plaza
– 2000s: Downtown Outlook Plan
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Planning Context of OrlandoPlanning Context of Orlando
2000s: Downtown Outlook Plan: “A place for families and individuals to live, work and enjoy”Community Participation:– Horizon 2000 Downtown Summit (3-day event with
2,000 invitees)– Quarterly Newsletter– Internet website– Neighborhood Meetings– Community Meeting
Themes: Community Character; Family Connections; Getting Around; Market Potential
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The New Urbanism In OrlandoThe New Urbanism In Orlando
Downtown Orlando is the Perfect Context for New Urbanism because it has Many Traditional City Characteristics (Connectivity, Diversity, Community)
ANDThe Old Downtown Was Not Destroyed by Modernist Planning Projects
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The New Urbanism The New Urbanism ––ConnectivityConnectivity
To the Regional Transit Network
Connected Traditional or Modified Grid Street Pattern
Integration of Social, Economic and Ecological Principles
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URBAN CONNECTIVITYNeo-Traditional Street Layout vs. Suburban-Style Street Layout
Neo-Traditional Layout Provides:Adjacency of Land UsesConnectivity for All ModesTransportation Choices
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The New Urbanism The New Urbanism ––DiversityDiversity
Mix of Uses(Residential, Retail, Commercial, Office)
High Density Core Surrounded By Lower Density Housing
Mix of Housing Types for Mix of Household Types and Income Levels
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The New Urbanism The New Urbanism ––CommunityCommunity
Bounded Neighborhoods with Strong Centers
Pedestrian Oriented Environments (fine grain of development detail - porches, street trees, etc.)
Public Open Spaces that are “Formative” Rather than Residual
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Development Context Development Context ––The City of OrlandoThe City of Orlando
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Location…Location…
Osceola
OrangeSeminoleLake
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Orlando Circa 1875History…History…
Orlando 1930
Orlando 1950
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A Condition of Urban DecayA Condition of Urban Decay
1970’s Orlando
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TODAY:TODAY:A Cultural and Entertainment CenterA Cultural and Entertainment Center
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TODAY:TODAY:A Government CenterA Government Center
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Vital CharacteristicsVital Characteristicsof Downtown Orlandoof Downtown Orlando
Interconnected StreetsMix of Land UsesStrong NeighborhoodsPublic and Open SpacesPedestrian EnvironmentsTransit Infrastructure
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Interconnected StreetsInterconnected Streets
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Mix of Land UsesMix of Land Uses
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Strong NeighborhoodsStrong Neighborhoods
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Historic NeighborhoodsHistoric Neighborhoods
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Downtown Historic DistrictsDowntown Historic Districts
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Public andPublic andOpen SpacesOpen Spaces
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Good Pedestrian EnvironmentsGood Pedestrian Environments
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Investments in TransportationInvestments in Transportation
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Pedestrian ImprovementsPedestrian Improvements
Orange Avenue
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Pedestrian ImprovementsPedestrian Improvements
Wall Street
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Pedestrian ImprovementsPedestrian Improvements
Church Street
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Planning for Planning for Pedestrian Pedestrian ConnectivityConnectivity
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Planning for Planning for Bicycle Bicycle ConnectivityConnectivity
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Transit Investments Transit Investments –– LymmoLymmo
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LymmoLymmo Service and Downtown ParkingService and Downtown Parking
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Existing and Proposed Existing and Proposed Lymmo Lymmo ServiceService
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Downtown Orlando Inter-Modal Transit Terminal
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New DevelopmentNew Developmentin Downtown Orlandoin Downtown Orlando
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A Redeveloping DowntownA Redeveloping Downtown
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Office Development
CNL Center
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Capital Plaza I & II
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Lincoln Plaza
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Hotel DevelopmentsNew Construction 417 units
Embassy Suites Hotel
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Westin Grand Bohemian Hotel
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RenovationFour Points Sheraton 290 units $9 million
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Residential Development
Echelon @ Cheney Place Waverly Apartment Tower
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Renovation/Adaptive Re-useRenovation/Adaptive Re-Use 144 units $20 million
Post Parkside
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Single family homes
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Civic Facilities Completed
Orange County Regional History
Center
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Gallery at Avalon Island
Oval Gallery
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LAKE HIGHLAND LAKE HIGHLAND -- 1760 students1760 studentsST. JAMES ST. JAMES -- 396 students396 students
NAP FORD COMMUNITY SCHOOLNAP FORD COMMUNITY SCHOOL91 students
HOWARD MIDDLE SCHOOL HOWARD MIDDLE SCHOOL 897 students 91 students897 students
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Mixed Use Developments
Thornton Park Central
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Ruth Court
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Totals
5,0005,000Number of StudentsNumber of Students19,00019,000Number of ParishionersNumber of Parishioners16201620AcreageAcreage17,00017,000Residential PopulationResidential Population$840 million$840 millionNonNon--Taxable Property ValueTaxable Property Value10.5 million ft10.5 million ft22Public FacilitiesPublic Facilities56,00056,000Total EmploymentTotal Employment$1.3 billion$1.3 billionTotal Assessed ValueTotal Assessed Value9.4 million ft9.4 million ft22Private Office SpacePrivate Office Space
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What’s on the Horizon
Parramore Area DevelopmentMore Downtown Office DevelopmentChurch Street Market ImprovementsFlorida Center for Arts and EducationCentroplex RevisitedMarketing Downtown
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West Church Street Mixed-Use Development
Bank of America/Orlando Neighborhood Improvement Corp.
Hughes Supply Company
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FAMU College of Law
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Post Office
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Church Street Market
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Prospects for the City of Orlando Prospects for the City of Orlando
Public Funding Is Used to Leverage Private InvestmentLight Rail System is Still Being ConsideredConflicts between Downtown and NeighborhoodsDisparity between Historically Black and White Neighborhoods City Has Plans for Baldwin Park (Naval Training Center) and South East Sector
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Baldwin ParkOrlando Naval Training Center
1,093 acres263 Buildings40 miles of roads2 lakes
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NTC Vision Plan
Define Neo-traditional VisionCreate WalkablecommunitiesEstablish open space, transportation requirementsIntegrate with surrounding neighborhoods
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Orlando NTC Partners (Baldwin Park) Redevelopment
6,000 Direct Jobs11,000 residents
3228 Residential– 926 Detached– 2302 Attached
350,000 sq ft Commercial in a Village Center1,500,000 sq ft Office– Typical 90 - 150,000 sq. ft.
New Schools– Elementary– Middle School
200 acres of parks
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SE Sector PlanRegional Setting of Project
Southeast Orlando Southeast Orlando Sector Plan AreaSector Plan Area
Downtown
• Largest greenfield project ever undertaken by the City of Orlando
• Over 19,300 acres in size
• Adjacent to Orlando International Airport
• Close proximity to Downtown, attractions, and east coast via the Bee-Line Expressway and Central Florida Greeneway
ONTC
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Regional Setting of Project
Land Area
19,300 Acres or 30. 15 sq. miles(30% of current City)
Population28,000 by 2020Residential Units 13,000
Retail 2.1 million sq. ft.Office 3.3 million sq. ft.Industrial 4.7 million sq. ft.Hotel 1,950 roomsCivic 600,000 sq. ft.
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Southeast Orlando Master Plan
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Plan Incentives – Key Elements
Participating property owners/developers/builders may receive Fee Waivers and Expedited Local Permitting.Where Traditional Neighborhood Design Standards are used, incentives include– Utilization of Smaller Street Widths– Increased Densities – Greater Opportunities for Mixed Use– Revised Transportation Impact Fee
Administrative Review– Incentive Based– Creation of Southeast Town Design Review
Committee – Expedited Review
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Prospects for Downtown OrlandoProspects for Downtown Orlando
Downtown is Centrally Located in the Metropolitan Region (Many Downtown Residents Commute to Other Parts of the Region)Suburban Areas are Growing at More Rapid Rate Than Downtown (24.9% vs. 12.1%)Orlando is Centrally Located in State Orlando International Airport can Double its Capacity from 32 Million to > 70 Million