1
A strategic platform to support high-level government attention
and action for the accelerated development and deployment of smarter, cleaner electricity grids (“smart grids”) around the world
Activities • Share global knowledge and best
practices on the implementation and value of smart grids
• Develop further knowledge and tools, targeting key areas of aligned interests
• Recognize excellence in smart grid projects and practice
Aims • Identify solutions
• Enable replication of proven ideas
• Support greater national ambition
…in developing and deploying smart grids
Swedish Energy Agency
27-Nov-17 2 Government of Australia
Government of Canada
U.S. Department of Energy
Government of Mexico
Tekes (Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation)
Norwegian Ministry of Petroleum and Energy
Russian Energy Agency
New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO)
Ministry of Science and Technology
Department of High and New Technology
Development and Industrialization
Government of India
Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland
Energy Agency of Denmark
Government of Belgium
Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
Government of the Netherlands, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation
Union Fenosa Distribucion
Government of Austria
Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico (RSE S.p.A.)
Government of France
Swiss Federal Office of Energy
Contracting Parties (25) Invited to Join the IA ExCo approved invitation to join for BRAZIL, COLOMBIA. Other LAC countries are welcome.
Government of Korea
European Commission
South African National Energy Development Institute (SANEDI)
Energy Market Authority
ISGAN PARTICIPANTS(25)
DRIVERS AND
PROJECTS • COMPARE NATIONAL
VISIONS AND DRIVERS • DISCUSS PRIORITIES IN
DIFFERENT NATIONAL FRAMEWORKS
• DEBATE ON POLICIES AND REGULATIONS
• COLLECT TOP PROJECTS
COST-BENEFITS ANALYSIS
• BENCHMARK LEVEL OF MATURITY OF SMART GRIDS APPLICATIONS
• DEVELOP TOOLS FOR COST AND BENEFITS EVALUATION OF SMART GRIDS PROJECTS
NETWORK OF TEST
FACILITIES • POINT OUT TEST BEDS
AND FACILITIES • COLLABORATE IN
SETTING UP COMMON TEST PROTOCOLS AND PRACTICES
• LINK WITH STANDARDISATION TO BOOST GAP FILLING
BEST PRACTICES/ SOLUTIONS
• COLLECT AND DISCUSS WORLDWIDE BEST PRACTICES INTO CASE BOOKS: AMI, DSM, CONSUMER ENGAGEMENT
• PUBLISH STATE OF THE ART REPORTS – PLANNING, OPERATION, RES INTEGRATION ETC.
SOCIETAL TRANSITION/
SKILLS • SMART GRIDS IN
THE CONTEXT OF WIDER ENERGY SYSTEM
• INTERACTION WITH SOCIETAL EVOLUTION
• SKILLS DEVELOPMENT: ISGAN ACADEMY OF SMART GRIDS
ISGAN VALUE CHAIN
LEARN FROM
OTHERS
GO FASTER
CONTRIBUTE LATIN AMERICA IS CHARACTERISED BY VERY DIVERSIFIED CONTEXTS: SOLUTIONS ADOPTED CAN BE EXCELLENT EXAMPLES FOR OTHER CONTINENTS.
WORLDWIDE PLAYGROUND TO DISCUSS OPPORTUNITIES AND PROPOSE SOLUTIONS.
TIME TO MARKET AND APPLICATION OF SMART GRIDS SOLUTIONS IS REDUCED THANKS TO THE DOCUMENTED EXPERIENCE OF SUCCESSES/FAILURES IN SIMILA CONTEXTS
DRIVERS, TECHNOLOGIES, SOLUTIONS, EXPERIENCES BROUGHT IN ISGAN ARE FOOD FOR THOUGHT FOR ALL PARTICIPANTS: SEVERAL RESULTS HAVE DIRECT IMPACT ON POLICY/REGULATION
AN OPPORTUNITY FOR LATIN AMERICA
GO GLOBAL
5
ISGAN Website : http://www.iea-isgan.org
IEA page on Implementing Agreements:
http://www.iea.org/techno/index.asp
ISGAN Secretariat Email: [email protected]
ISGAN Executive Committee Johannesburg – March 2015
FURTHER READING
Ing. Fernando Díaz G. de P. Director de Electricidad
Secretaría Nacional de Energía República de Panamá
“Latin America Public-Private Partnership Workshop” Almacenamiento de Energía para el Desarrollo Sustentable
Hotel JW Marriot, Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Almacenamiento de Energía, Factor Clave para Aumentar la Integración de las Energías Renovables, Resiliencia del Sistema y Acceso a la Energía
Jueves 16 de Abril de 2015
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
1
Matriz Energética
Sector Eléctrico
Mercado Eléctrico
Suministro de Energía Eléctrica
El Nuevo Combustible
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA Contenido
2
Matriz Energética - 2013 SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
3
Residencial
Centrales Eléctricas
Industrial
Otros
705.5 GWh 437 kbep
1206.4 GWh 747.5 kbep
Pérdidas
Hidroenergía
Fuente: Balances de Energía Unidad : (kbep)
Comercial y Público
33.4 GWh 609 kbep
5154.3 GWh 3194 kbep
19846
863
115
5781
8804
409
4377.0 GWh 2712 kbep
431
4.0 GWh 3 kbep
Carbón 682.8 GWh 1723 Kbep
Otras Primarias
Residuos Vegetales
Eólica
Transporte
Intercambios Netos
Generadores Eólicos
Destilería
1.6 GWh 1.6 kbep
95
Derivados de Petróleo
57
2411.3 GWh 1494 kbep
16.95 GWh 162 kbep
3086.0 GWh 3185 kbep
Derivados 78% 57%
Hidroenergía 13% 15%
Carbón 7% 6%
Res. Vegetales 2% 18%
Eólico y solar 0% 3%
Intercambio 0% 1%
2023 Referencia
2012 - 21%
2%
16%
3%
1% 24 815 kbep 35 096 kbep
Fuente: SNE (Plan Nacional de Energía 2009-2023, Escenario Optimista)
Metas para la Diversificación de la Matriz Energética
4
1%
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
Mercado Eléctrico
Compañías de Generación AES
Panamá
EDE Chiriquí OER/FIS
Electrificación Rural
Autoridad Nacional de los Servicios Públicos (ASEP)
Estatales
Ministerio de la Presidencia
Empresa de Transmisón Eléctrica (Etesa) & Centro Nacional de Despacho (CND)
Grandes Clientes
(>100kW)
Participación Estatal (Excepto ACP & EGESA - 100% Estatales)
Privadas (100%)
Bahía Las Minas
EGESA
Fortuna
ACP
ESEPSA
Bunker C Carbón Nomenclatura: Solar
ENSA EDE Metro Oeste
Compañías de Distribución (Participación Estatal)
Distribuidor (Participación Estatal)
Secretaría Nacional de Energía
Incluye Antiguas: Comisión de Política Energética (COPE/MEF) Diracción Nacional de Hidrocarburos (DGH/MICI)
Diesel Liv
Bahía Las Minas
EGESA
Eólico Hidro
ACP
ACP
Bontex
Café de Eleta
Electrogen. del Istmo
Electron Investment
Arkapal
Caldera Energy
Alto Valle
Alternegy
Hidro Boquerón
Hidro Piedra
Hidro Panamá
Pan-Am
Gener. Río Chico
Hidro ibérica
Ideal Panamá
Gener. Pedregalito
GENA
Empresa Nal. Energ.
Paso Ancho
Pedregal Pwr. Co.
Valley Co.
Las Perlas Sur
Saltos del Francoli
Unión Eólica
Las Perlas Norte
Istmus Hydro Pwr.
IDB
ESEPSA
Hidro San Lorenzo
Empresas Melo
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA Estructura del Sector Eléctrico
5
Sistema Interconectado Nacional (SIN) SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
6 Fuente: ETESA
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA Oferta vs Demanda
Oferta: Generación Demanda: Consumo
Capacidad Instalada (SIN) 2 827,84 MW
58,51 % H 38,75 % T 2,65 % E 0,08 % S
Capacidad Firme (SIN) 1 954,98 MW
53,78 % H 46,22 % T 0,00 % E 0,00 % S
Demanda Máxima histórica:
1 544,00 MW - ↑2,70% (13-abr-2015)
28 808,61 MWh/día - ↑1,68% (13-abr-2015)
Incremento 2013 - 2014 Energía: 4,12 % Potencia: 5,13 %
Incremento 2012 - 2013 Energía: 4,35% Potencia: 4,16%
Al 13 de Abril de 2015:
Pronóstico de Demanda Máxima
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
8
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028
Alto 925 946 971 1,024 1,064 1,154 1,222 1,267 1,386 1,444 1,521 1,603 1,689 1,780 1,876 1,976 2,082 2,194 2,312 2,436 2,567 2,705 2,850 3,003 3,164Moderado 925 946 971 1,024 1,064 1,154 1,222 1,267 1,386 1,444 1,549 1,661 1,782 1,911 2,050 2,199 2,358 2,530 2,713 2,910 3,121 3,348 3,591 3,852 4,131
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
MW
Fuente: ETESA - PESIN 2014
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028
Alto 5,571 5,711 5,861 6,209 6,386 6,754 7,290 7,723 8,360 8,722 9,200 9,704 10,23 10,79 11,38 12,01 12,67 13,36 14,09 14,87 15,68 16,54 17,45 18,40 19,41GWh 5,571 5,711 5,861 6,209 6,386 6,754 7,290 7,723 8,360 8,722 9,368 10,06 10,80 11,60 12,46 13,39 14,38 15,45 16,59 17,82 19,14 20,56 22,09 23,72 25,48
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000
22,000
24,000
26,000
28,000
GW
hPronóstico de Producción de Energía
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
9
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Térmico 466 596 622 632 703 703 643 643 601 643 766 917 1,017 971 921 990 1,096
Renovable 551 553 613 613 701 833 846 846 847 847 869 879 937 1,352 1,469 1,514 1,681
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
MW
Capacidad Instalada(a 31 de Diciembre)
Fuente: SNE
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
10
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Térmico 374 505 534 544 614 614 558 558 519 558 651 756 846 844 809 871 904
Renovable 424 424 424 424 424 537 592 592 592 592 606 609 643 929 968 973 1,029
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
MW
Potencia Firme(a 31 de Diciembre)
Fuente: SNE
Fuentes Renovables SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
11
Principales Estrategias y Planes para Asegurar el Abastecimiento Energético
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
12
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
ene-
96ju
l-96
ene-
97ju
l-97
ene-
98ju
l-98
ene-
99ju
l-99
ene-
00ju
l-00
ene-
01ju
l-01
ene-
02ju
l-02
ene-
03ju
l-03
ene-
04ju
l-04
ene-
05ju
l-05
ene-
06ju
l-06
ene-
07ju
l-07
ene-
08ju
l-08
ene-
09ju
l-09
ene-
10ju
l-10
ene-
11ju
l-11
ene-
12ju
l-12
ene-
13ju
l-13
ene-
14ju
l-14
B/.
/ BB
L
Promedio Mensual de los Precios de Paridad, 1996 - 2014
Diesel Liv. Diesel Liv. Bajo Az. Bunker C Brent WTI
Ley 53 de 2013 Sector Petróleo
Ley 37 de 2013 Solar
Ley 18 de 2013 Proceso Sumario
Ley 43 de 2012 Mercado Eléctrico
Ley 41 de 2012 Gas Natural
Res AN 5399 de 2012 Medición Neta
(Hasta 500 KW)
Ley 42 de 2011 Biocombustibles
Ley 44 de 2011 Eólica
Ley 45 de 2004 Incentivos Renovables
(Reglamento: Decreto 45 de 2009)
Proyecto Chan II
• Proyecto hidroeléctrico con regulación mayor a 90 días, capacidad instalada de 220 MW, ubicado en la Provincia de Bocas del Toro.
• Cuenta con el EIA aprobado, el Estudio de Factibilidad Aprobado por la Junta Directiva, el derecho de uso permanente de aguas y la concesión.
• El 6 de mayo de 2014, se realizó el acto público para la selección del socio estratégico de la sociedad Changuinola II.
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
13
EMBALSES SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
14
0.0
72.6
145.2
217.8
290.4
363.1
435.7
508.3
580.9
653.5
726.1
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52
GW
h
Manejo de la Energía AlmacenadaBayano & Fortuna
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Fuente: SNE
Proyectos Eólicos
Unión Eólica Panameña (Penonomé) Fase 1 – 55 MW (Dic 2014) Fase 2 - 165 MW (20 MW en Línea) Fase 3 – 50 MW 60 MW de generación eólica fueron licitados el 12 de Dic de 2013 (Promedio de 96.69 $/MWh)
Licencias Definitivas (865.8 MW): UEP Penonomé 1 – 55 MW UEP Penonomé 2 – 280.8 MW Fersa Panamá – 330 MW Helium Energy – 200 MW
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
15
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
0,00
0,20
0,40
0,60
0,80
1,00
1,20
Ene Feb Mar Abr May Jun Jul Ago Sep Oct Nov Dic
Factor Planta Estimado - EÓLICAS
P.E.#1 P.E.#4
16 Fuente: SNE & CND
Proyectos Solares
Sarigua: 2.4 MW (Operación Comercial en Feb/Mar 2014) Licencias Definitivas (344.092 MW): Avanzalia Panamá – 120 MW Panamá Solar Energy Providers – 45 MW SDR Energy Panamá – 49.5 MW Solar XXI (UP) – 40 MW Otros (Menores de 20 MW) – 89.592 MW
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
17
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
3 500
4 000
4 500
5 000
5 500
6 000
6 500
ENE
FEB
MAR AB
R
MAY JUN
JUL
AGO
SEP
OCT
NO
V
DIC
Wh/
m2/
día
Radiación Solar Global Horaria Promedio Mensual Sobre un Plano Horizontal
CHIRIQUÍ BOCAS DEL TORO VERAGUAS COLON
LOS SANTOS COCLE PANAMA DARIÉN
18 Fuente: Hidromet
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
19
Curva de Demanda 6 de Abril de 2015
Fuente: CND
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23
Mw
HORA
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
20
Vulnerabilidad al Cambio Climático Panamá
Fuente: OLADE 2012
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
21
Vulnerabilidad al Cambio Climático Panamá
Fuente: OLADE 2012
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
$ Pago Mensual = Tarifa Eléctrica x Consumo Mensual
Tarifa Eléctrica Fuentes de Energía, Metodología Consumo Mensual Planes de Ahorro Energético Seguridad de Suministro. Precios Eficientes.
22
“La energía mas cara es la que no se tiene”
El Nuevo Combustible
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
23
Uso Racional y Eficiente de la Energía
Ley No. 69 de 12 de octubre de 2012 (Gaceta Oficial Digital, No. 27145-A de jueves 18 de octubre de 2012)
“Que establece los lineamientos generales de la política nacional
para el uso racional y eficiente de la energía en el territorio nacional”
Reglamentación:
Decreto Ejecutivo No. 398 de 19 de junio de 2013 (Gaceta Oficial No. 27313-A de jueves 20 de junio de 2013)
"Que reglamenta la Ley 69 de 12 de octubre de 2012, que establece
los lineamientos generales de la política nacional para el uso racional y eficiente de la energía en el territorio nacional"
Ley 69 de 12 de Octubre de 2012 Uso Racional y Eficiente de la Energía (UREE)
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
24
POLÍTICA GENERAL
INFORMACIÓN Y EDUCACIÓN
INCREMENTO DE LA EFICIENCIA EN EL
CONSUMO DE ENERGÍA ELÉCTRICA
FINANCIAMIENTO Y PROGRAMAS DE AHORRO
Y USO EFICIENTE DE LA ENERGÍA
• Modificar las pautas de consumo de los usuarios de la energía.
• Capacitación en UREE.
• Reducir el consumo de electricidad en iluminación. • Reducir el consumo de electricidad en refrigeración y A/C. • Incrementar la eficiencia energética en el bombeo de
agua. • Reducir el consumo de energía eléctrica en la industria.
• Promover el Uso Racional y Eficiente de la Energía para apoyar el abastecimiento energético adecuado, elevar la competitividad de la economía de Panamá y proteger el Medio Ambiente.
• Contar con los recursos necesarios para financiar programas.
• Promover el programa de ahorro e introducción de equipos eficientes.
Enunciados de la Política Energética en Materia de Uso Racional y Eficiente de la Energía
a Nivel General y Sectorial SECRETARÍA NACIONAL
DE ENERGÍA
25
REDUCCIÓN DE PÉRDIDAS ELÉCTRICAS
MEJORA DEL PARQUE DE EQUIPOS Y SISTEMAS QUE CONSUMEN ENERGÍA
AHORRO DE COMBUSTIBLE EN LA INDUSTRIA
AHORRO DE ENERGÍA EN EL TRANSPORTE
• Modificar las pautas de consumo de combustibles –vehículos automotores
• Reducir el consumo de combustibles en el transporte.
• Crear el marco regulatorio para mejorar la eficiencia de la flota vehicular.
• Promover la introducción de técnicas de eficiencia energética en los sistemas de generación y usos de vapor.
• Llevar al 10% el nivel de pérdidas del SIN.
• Normativa • Reducir en 10% el consumo de leña para
cocción de alimentos.
Enunciados de la Política Energética en Materia de Uso Racional y Eficiente de la Energía
a Nivel General y Sectorial SECRETARÍA NACIONAL
DE ENERGÍA
26
Creación de “Hipotecas UREE”. Las viviendas de interés social podrán aplicar a través del MEF para obtenerlas.
Creación o la adopción de un mecanismo de financiamiento con tasas de interés reducidas para inmuebles que consideren la eficiencia energética en su diseño, y que además sean certificados bajo criterios a ser definidos por la SNE y en conformidad con la legislación existente.
Incentivos a la Adopción de Normas UREE para Edificaciones en Panamá
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
27
• Ahorros Estimados en 6 % • Equivalentes a 42 Millones USD/Año
• 229 GWh/Año • Equivalentes al 31.5 %
de la Energía Almacenada en los Envalses
Ahorro sin Inversión
• Ahorros Estimados del 27% al 40% • 1,000 a 1,500 GWh/año • Equivalentes a del 137.7 al 206.6 %
de la Energía Almacenada en los Embalses • De 190 a 282 Millones USD/Año
• Inversión Estimada: USD 220 a 630 Millones
Con Inversión Sector Productivo
Potencial de Ahorro de Energía Eléctrica en los Principales Sectores de Consumo
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
28
Otros Planes
• Plan Energético Nacional 2015 -2050 “Panamá, El Futuro que Queremos” • Generación distribuida. Medición Neta (“Net Metering“) Resolución ASEP 5399 de 2012
• Optimización de los Recursos
• Implementación de Redes Inteligentes bajo Ambiente de Mercado
Infraestructura Eléctrica Actual Redes Inteligentes (Smart Grids)
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
29
Estrategias para la Integración Regional con Centro América y Colombia
• Compromiso SICA.
• SIEPAC – Marco Regulatorio e interconexión
por parte de Panamá terminada.
• Integración con Colombia busca la integración entre el mercado andino y el centroamericano. – Actualmente se está revisando el
estudio para hacer el proyecto viable.
SIEPAC
ICP
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
30
SECRETARÍA NACIONAL DE ENERGÍA
Muchas Gracias !
www.energia.gob.pa @secdeenergia
Ing. Fernando Díaz G. de P. Director de Electricidad Secretaría Nacional de Energía Tel: +507 527-9955 [email protected]
31
Energy Storage for Sustainable Development 2015
Electric Grid Integration as a Tool for Large Scale
Storage Management
Renewable Energy and Efficiency Imperative of Sustainability
Increasing financial costs of energy, on a long-term perspective, due to the exhaustion of more economical sources and social-environmental constraints
Costs and Constraints
World opinion is increasingly favorable to the adoption of new patterns of energy production and consumption, compatible with human development and environmental protection
Worldwide change in values
This context confirms that the strengthening of policies to promote renewable alternative energy sources, as well as energy efficiency, is necessary to achieve a virtuous cycle between energy expansion, development and environmental sustainability
Renewable Sources
The Brazilian experience Continental perspectives and trends Technological trends
Topics
Nosso Negócio Hidrelétrica
The Brazilian Experience
Sub regional integration
Evolution of the installed capacity (MW)
The Brazilian experience
Beginning of the integration process
Sub regional integration
Transmission planning as a key
The Brazilian experience
The Brazilian experience Energy Planning
National Energy Plan
National Energy Matrix
Ten-Year Energy Plan
Procurement Auctions
Monitoring
1 to 3-Year Perspective
Programming
Short and medium term studies (up to 10 years)
Strategic Vision
Long-term studies (up to 30 years)
Oil and Gas Electricity
Transmission Biodiesel
Hydropower intensive use
The Brazilian experience
2,4 11,3
70,6
2,4 3,6 4,7 4,9 0
30
60
90
Coal Natural Gas Hidro Nuclear Oil Others Sugarcane
39,6
23,0 16,2
10,7 5,1 5,4 0,0
0
20
40
60
Coal Natural gas Hidro Nuclear Oil Othes Sugarcane
Source: IEA e MME/ BEN
% World - 2013
Brazil - 2013 %
Renewables: 21,6%
Fossil Fuels: 67,7%
23.305 TWh
Renewables : 78,4%
Fossil Fuels : 19,2%
610 TWh (2,6% of the World)
Electricity Supply Mix – 2013 World x Brazil (%)
BRAZIL 2013 RENEWABLES= 78,2%
HYDRO (1) 70,6%
BIOMASS 7,6%
COAL 2,6% Oil
4,4% Natural Gas
11,3%
Nuclear 2,4%
WIND 1,1%
Total Power Energy Generated in 2013: 610 TWh
The Brazilian experience
Weather resilience
Managing the diversity of the hydrology of the different basins
The Brazilian experience
Nosso Negócio Geração Térmica Continental Perspectives and Trends
Latin America – Large Hydro Potential
Continental perspectives and trends
Latin America – Other Renewables
Continental perspectives and trends
10 15 19 21 2
15
31
45
5
20
35
1
1
2
4
-
20
40
60
80
100
120
2011 2020 2030 2035
Outros
Solar
Wind
Bioenergy
Otros
Solar
Eolica
Biomasa
GW
Fuente: IEA - World Energy Outlook 2013
Latin America – Electricity Mix
Continental perspectives and trends
-
100
200
300
400
500
600
2011 2020 2030 2035
(GW
)
Proyecciones de crecimiento de la matriz eléctrica (2011-2035)
Outros
Solar
Wind
Bioenergy
Hydro
Gas
Nuclear
Coal
Oil
Otros
Solar
Eólica
Biomasa
Hidroeléctrica
Gas
Nuclear
Carbón
Oleo
Latin America – Existent Interconnections
Continental perspectives and trends
Andina Region
Latin America – Existent Interconnections
Continental perspectives and trends
Southern Region
Latin America – Integration Projects
Continental perspectives and trends
SIEPAC
Latin America - Integration Studies
Continental perspectives and trends
Colombia – Panama Interconnection
Latin America - Integration Studies
Continental perspectives and trends
Panambi - Guanambi Binational Brazil/Argentina
Latin America - Integration Studies
Continental perspectives and trends
Northern Arc
Hydro
Potential (MW)
Installed Capacity
(MW)
Highest Demand
(MW)
Transmission and Distribution
Km kV
T D
Guiana Francesa 206 282 135 460 90 20
Guiana 7166 224 116 276 69 11-14
Suriname 2980 367 230 329 161 6-12
Brasil Amapá 2334 302 (1) 283 499 69-198 13,8
Roraima 1049 157 (2) 149 127 230-400 13,8
Latin America - Integration Studies
Continental perspectives and trends
área protegida área uso sustentável área indigena linha de transmissão proposta desvio da rota original
Northern Arc
Latin America - Integration Studies
Continental perspectives and trends
Regional Deployment of the Wind Resources
Latin America - Integration Studies
Continental perspectives and trends
Regional Deployment of the Wind Resources
Latin America - Small Implementation
Continental perspectives and trends
• Cultural and Historical Barriers Colonization Differences
Historical Disputes Legacy
• Lack of Regional Planning Integration
Europe - Long Term View and Common Planning Practice
Continental perspectives and trends
Europe – Electric Grid Interconnection Targets
Continental perspectives and trends
Europe - Commitment with renewable Energy
Continental perspectives and trends
Europe - Climate Change Concerning
Continental perspectives and trends
Nosso Negócio Eólica Technological Trends
Wind Power Generation Global Roll Out
Technological Trends
Wind Power Generation Global Roll Out
Technological Trends
Wind Power Generation Global Roll Out
Technological Trends
Wind Power Generation Global Roll Out
Technological Trends
Solar Power Evolution – Utility Scale Installation
Technological Trends
Solar Power Evolution – Utility Scale Installation
Technological Trends
A New Look over the existent facilities
Rising of the Grid’s Integration Level
Rising of the Gris’s Complexity
CONCLUSIONS
Imposition of the Balance Equation
CONCLUSIONS
Nosso Negócio Hidrelétrica
Pedro Jatobá pedro.jatoba@eletrobras. com
“La Gestión de las Energías Renovables no Convencionales”
Sinergias entre las Energías Renovables no Convencionales (ERNC) y la
Hidroelectricidad, los beneficios de la Integración Acad. Ing. Oscar Ferreño Coordinador Técnico Internacional de Generación
1
La situación de las ERNC en America Latina
• America Latina está comenzando a incursionar en la inserción de ERNC en los sistemas eléctricos.
• Por ahora la inserción ha sido relativamente pequeña, considerándose como apenas marginal, salvo alguna excepción como Uruguay.
• La Gestión de las ERNC se viene realizando aprovechando las sinergias que existen entre estas y la Generación Hidroeléctrica convencional y la utilización de las interconexiones internacionales.
• De hecho, veremos ejemplos claros de como los embalses de las Centrales
Hidroeléctricas y las interconexiones internacionales se utilizan como almacenamiento de las ERNC.
2
Compatibilidad entre las Energías Renovables no Convencionales y la Energía Hidroeléctrica
• Los fenómenos hidrológicos tienen una frecuencia baja en comparación con los fenómenos eólicos o solares.
• Para establecer la magnitud del recurso de un sistema hidrológico que alimenta centrales hidroeléctricas las normas recomiendan realizar medidas a lo largo de al menos treinta años. Esto es debido a que los fenómenos como crecientes y sequias pueden tener duraciones que a veces superan meses o incluso años.
• Esto hace que las Centrales Hidroeléctricas no sean confiables en el mediano y largo plazo y que la potencia firme que en algunos sistemas se define como aquella que tiene probabilidad de ser superada en el 95% de los casos, sea una pequeña fracción de la producción media.
• Por el contrario, la presencia de diques para formar el salto hidráulico establece embalses que actúan como “tanques de combustible” o “tuberías de gas” que brindan confiabilidad en el corto y mediano plazo, desde horas hasta meses en algunos casos.
3
Compatibilidad entre las Energías Renovables no Convencionales y la Energía Hidroeléctrica
• Los fenómenos eólicos o solares tienen una frecuencia alta en comparación con los fenómenos hidrológicos.
• Para establecer la magnitud del recurso de una región que alimenta centrales eólicas o solares, las normas recomiendan realizar medidas a lo largo de al menos un año.
• Esta alta frecuencia hace que por “la ley de grandes números” la energía de un período de tiempo de días o semanas sea muy confiable para el caso de un parque solar o eólico.
• Tal es así que la producción de un parque suele medirse en horas anuales de potencia nominal.
• Sin embargo, la Eólica y la Solar son variables y casi impredecibles en cuestión de fracciones de horas
4
Compatibilidad entre las Energías Renovables no Convencionales y la Energía Hidroeléctrica
• Este complemento en el corto y mediano plazo es además del que pueda existir en una región o entre diferentes regiones entre temporadas ventosas y lluviosas, el que hace que la generación hidráulica sea el socio ideal para las ERNC
• Por otra parte la energía hidroeléctrica es la tecnología de generación más versátil en tanto es de parada y arranque rápido, permite brindar todos los servicios que precisa un sistema eléctrico como regular frecuencia, carga y tensión, y es la que por su gestionabilidad en el cortísimo plazo permite acompañar las fluctuaciones de potencia de las ERNC
• Otro socio ideal para las ERNC son las interconexiones eléctricas entre sistemas.
• También las ERNC pueden ser complementarias consigo mismo
5
El 63,47 % (equivalente a 2/3 de la producción) ocurre en la noche
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
9%
10%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24HORAS
Energía horaria Parque Eólico período mayo 2009 - abril 2013
de 0 a 8 hrs – 37,45 % de 18 a 24 hrs – 26,02 %
6
Curva de Carga Horaria Parque solar Distribuido
7
0,0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
1,0
Rubio
Piedra de Afilar
Bonete
Compatibilidad entre las Energías Renovables no Convencionales y la Energía Hidroeléctrica
• Esta diferencia de frecuencias que como si el almanaque de unas y otras cambiara a distinta velocidad, hace que exista una complementariedad intrínseca entre parques y represas.
• Esta complementariedad lleva a establecer una Regla de Pulgar (Rule of Thumb) o Regla de Oro que dice que un sistema eléctrico puede soportar sin problemas de gestión tanta potencia eólica como potencia hidráulica tenga instalada. Esto se justifica claramente en la capacidad de la Hidráulica de cubrir las variaciones de la Eólica o de la Solar
• Una regla de pulgar se refiere a una regla sencilla no rigurosa que permite tomar decisiones seguramente acertadas.
8
9
Potencia máx - med - mín de un sistema eléctrico
jul ago sep oct nov dic ene feb mar abr may jun jul
Curva de excedencia de N centrales Térmicas con 90 % de factor de utilización
10
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0 730 1460 2190 2920 3650 4380 5110 5840 6570 7300 8030 8760
Curva de frecuencia de excedencias de Centrales Hidroeléctricas Distribuidas
11
Curva de frecuencia de excedencias de Parque Solar Distribuido
12
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
1
0 732 1464 2196 2928 3660 4392 5124 5856 6588 7320 8052
Curva de frecuencia de excedencias de Parque Distribuido – Parque concentrado
13
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0 730 1460 2190 2920 3650 4380 5110 5840 6570 7300 8030 8760
Parque Concentrado Parque Distribuido
14
Potencia máx - med - mín / Potencia Eólica
jul ago sep oct nov dic ene feb mar abr may jun jul
El ejemplo de Uruguay
• Uruguay es un claro ejemplo de como se puede gestionar a las ERNC • Con una demanda anual de unos 10,000 GWh tiene 500 MW eólicos
operativos con un factor de capacidad de 40% que hoy representan el 15% de la demanda y tiene otros 1000 en construcción, por que en poco tiempo llegará a un 45 % de participación.
• En horas de la madrugada hoy los 500 MW de eólica alcanzan en ocasiones al 50 % de la demanda, por lo que en un futuro superará a la demanda
• Está utilizando sus centrales hidroeléctricas propias y las centrales compartidas como almacenamiento regulador
15
Interconexiones internacionales como almacenamiento de Energía
• Entre los sistemas eléctricos de Uruguay y Argentina hay una interconexión internacional que incluye una Central Hidroeléctrica Binacional.
• Ambos países se reparten en partes iguales la producción de esa central, para Uruguay representa un 30 % de su demanda.
• El embalse de la central puede almacenar 10 días de producción y mediante un sistema de “cotas vistas virtuales” cada país puede utilizar el embalse como un “Almacén de Energía”.
• En los hechos se han almacenados hasta dos días de demanda completa de Uruguay.
16
Interconexiones internacionales como almacenamiento de Energía
17
Centrales Hidroeléctricas compartidas
18
Centrales Hidroeléctricas compartidas
19
Centrales Hidroeléctricas compartidas
20
Centrales Hidroeléctricas compartidas
21
• Algunos países han desarrollado todo su potencial hidroeléctrico y no tienen lugar para nuevas Centrales Hidroeléctricas.
• Por ora parte, las Centrales Hidroeléctricas Convencionales almacenan energía no gastando sus aportes, pero no tiene posibilidades de absorber energía del sistema.
• Surgen entonces las Centrales Reversibles o de acumulación por bombeo.
• Las PSP no son generadores de energía sino que son acumuladores, no tienen valor energético en si mismo, sino es un servicio de optimización y flexibilidad para la operación del sistema
• Deberían acumular energía cuando la potencia de las ERNC superan a la demanda para evitar derrames, y deberían devolver lo acumulado en la primer oportunidad en que la demanda supera a las ERNC.
22
Centrales de Bombeo Reversibles o Usinas de Acumulación por Bombeo
El exceso de energía Renovable se debe derramar o vender en mercados interconectados
• El exceso de energía que no puede ser despachado debe ser repuesto con generación térmica.
• Esta tecnología se usó mucho a mediados del siglo pasado para
gestionar las centrales térmicas de carbón o las centrales nucleares, tecnologías que no permiten variación de carga.
• Han proliferado en Europa y en Norteamérica, pero prácticamente no existen en Latinoamérica, tal vez por la abundancia de generación hidroeléctrica convencional.
• Estas centrales son de vasos pequeños por lo que no tienen los inconvenientes ambientales de las hidroeléctricas convencionales 23
Usina de Acumulación por Bombeo Pump Storage Plant (PSP)
Central Hidroeléctrica Reversible (CHR)
24
Central Hidroeléctrica Reversible (CHR)
25
Algunos ejemplos de Centrales Hidroeléctricas Reversibles en el mundo
26
27
La Muela
28
Turlough Hill
29
Turlough Hill
30
Vianden
31
Vianden
Conclusiones para Latino América
Las Centrales Hidroeléctricas de Bombeo o Reversibles pueden almacenar los vertidos de eólica u otra ERNC durante los valle de la demanda y devolverlos en la primera oportunidad que la demanda supera a la potencia eólica
La Regla de oro sería: “se puede instalar tanta eólica o ERNC como
hidráulica haya instalada si dentro de esta hay un porcentaje significativo de la diferencia entre la potencia de ERNC instalada y la potencia mínima del sistema en forma de centrales de bombeo”
Latino América debería comenzar a estudiar esta alternativa de almacenamiento de Energía
32
MUCHAS GRACIAS
Copyright AEEólica
© 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Haresh Kamath Program Manager, EPRI
Acher Mossé Executive Consultant Latin America, EPRI
GSEP ECLAC Energy Storage for
Sustainable Development Workshop April 2015, Rio de Janeiro
Energy Storage for Distribution Flexibility
2 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Capacity and Energy
Central Station Generation
Capacity
Ener
gy
Variable Generation Storage and Demand Response
3 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
RENEWABLES IN BRAZIL – WHY THE FUZZ
First “NEW” renewables only (Solar & Wind) 2014auction has showed good results: – 1,658.76 MW of installed capacity committed, at an average cost of R$
169.82 (roughly US$ 54) /MWh The electricity cost for the industry in Brazil is now the highest in the world, as
shown in the graph below:
Source: FIRJAN, 03/2015
0100200300400500600
R$ / MWh
4 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
The Pace of Change
Exponential growth in solar photovoltaic (PV)
5 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
50 GWh of annual production capacity by
2020 with expected battery/pack cost
reduction by 30% in 2020
“…[the] solar generation/battery storage combination is currently an order of magnitude too expensive to cause much grid defection.”
- Moody’s Investor Service, “Batteries are Coming but Utilities are not Going Away” January 6, 2015
“Improvements in batteries and distributed generation could partly or completely eliminate some customers’ usage of the power grid…”
- Morgan Stanley Blue Paper, Solar Power & Energy Storage July 28, 2014
The Growing Interest in Energy Storage
6 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Energy Storage Application
Energy Storage has potential application across the entire electricity enterprise value chain
Transmission Operator Distributio
n Operator
Load Serving Entity Industrial
Customer
Commercial
Customer
Multi-Dwelling
Unit Residential Customer
Microgrid/Sustainable Communities
Other Substations
Substation Energy Storage
Distributed Resources
Large-Scale Renewables Substation Microgrid Residential
Commercial & Industrial
7 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Distribution Applications for Energy Storage
Potential Applications – Deferring traditional upgrades – Reducing risk of stranded assets – Shifting energy from renewables – Improving integration of renewables
Potential Locations
– Closer to the load – improve voltage and capacity, reliability
– Closer to the substation –improve capacity
Distribution Substation
Substation Storage
Community Storage
Residential Storage
8 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Distribution Applications for Energy Storage
Energy storage can sometimes help in distribution planning, when the alternative is an expensive investment to service a short peak The energy storage system – installed at the constraint point, or
closer to the load – can be relatively small since it is used just to shave the peak load Installing energy storage also reduces the risk of stranded assets
(in the event that the load growth is not permanent)
Distribution Substation
Load
Hour
Substation Storage
9 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Bulk System Applications for Distributed Storage
Key long-term need: distribution communication/control platform to integrate and optimize
Dispatch Priority 1
Dispatch Priority 2
Dispatch Priority 3
Distribution Investment
Deferral
System Electric Supply Capacity
Electric Energy Time Shift Regulation Spinning
ReserveNon-Spinning
Reserve
Distribution Substation
Substation Storage
Community Storage
Residential Storage
10 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Distribution Applications for Energy Storage
Can storage help mitigate the effects of PV increasing penetration in distribution networks? The principal issues associated with PV
penetration are related to voltage and protection impacts These issues can typically be
addressed through more inexpensive and effective means than storage – Volt/VAR controllers – Smart inverters – Advanced protective relays
Feeder
MW of Consumer PV 1 2 3 4 5 0
D3 D2 D1 P5 P4 P3 P2 P1 G3 G2 G1 T2 T1 R4 R3 R2 R1 J1
Probable Issues
Possible Issues
No Issues
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Key Insights – Cost, Markets and Policy
Decreasing cost and increasing potential for revenue will make ES application much more prevalent even without any significant technology breakthrough
Cost
• Life cycle system cost has many more elements than just the capital cost of battery packs
• Volume production driven learning curve
• System cost reduction ~25% likely scenario in this decade
Markets
• Higher demand charge
• Increasing value for flexibility as a market product
• Market rules enabling short term resource
Policy and Regulation
• California ES Mandate
• New York Reforming the Energy Vision (NY REV) – distribution system integrated ES
• State/Federal ES incentives
12 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
UPS Grid Support Energy Management Power Quality Load Shifting Bulk Power Mgmt. Bridging Power
Energy Storage Options – Power Rating Versus Discharge Durations
Lithium Ion battery technology will be the dominant technology for stationary application in the foreseeable future
Dis
char
ge T
ime
at R
ated
Pow
er
Sec
onds
M
inut
es
Hou
rs
System Power Ratings 1 kW 10 kW 100 kW 1 MW 10 MW 100 MW 1 GW
High Energy Super Caps
Lithium Ion Battery Lead Acid Battery
NiCd
NiMH
High Power Fly Wheels
High Power Super Caps SMES
NaS Battery
ZEBRA Battery
Advanced Lead Acid Battery CAES
Pumped Hydro Flow Batteries
ZrBr VRB Novel Systems Metal-Air Batteries
Lithium Ion Battery
13 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Progression of Battery Technologies
1860 1950 1985 2020 2035 1994
Ene
rgy
Den
sity
(Wh/
kg)
100
0
50
400
Lead-Acid 25 – 45
Nickel-Cadmium 35 – 60
Lithium Ion 110 – 140
Nickel-Metal Hydride 50 – 75
Advanced Lithium Ion 150 – 200
Lithium-Air (?) 350 – 400
Range for EV equipped with 600 kg battery and 250 Wh/mile efficiency
80 mile range 250 mile range
350 mile range 700 mile range
14 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Key Insights – Technology
Incremental improvement of existing technology will lead to increased application – passive thermal energy storage could be a hidden low cost option
Distributed ES
• Li Ion will be technology of choice
• Continuous cost reduction/performance improvement – significant market barrier for technology breakthrough (similar to crystalline PV)
• Emerging higher performance chemistries are in the early stage of TRL and breakthrough possibility this decade is marginal
Bulk/Grid Scale ES
• Li Ion technology scaling up for grid scale storage (~100s of MW) is going to be impractical
• Research on grid scale storage breakthrough will not be funded by transportation or consumer electronics industry
• Utility industry will need to take the lead for any potential breakthrough for grid scale storage
Thermal ES
• Active thermal energy storage (e.g., ice storage) is a proven and mature technology
• Passive thermal energy storage (water heater, building envelop) are the lowest hanging fruit
• The “internet of things” will make integration of buildings/water heaters seamless
15 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Distribution System Integrated Storage Benefit-Cost
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Milli
ons
($)
Distributed Storage with 1 MW/4 hr. Battery in 2015
Cost Benefit Source: Results generated from CPUC inputs into EPRI Energy Storage Valuation Tool
Cost Taxes (Refund or Paid) Operating Costs Financing Costs Capital Expenditure
Benefit Distribution Investment Deferral Frequency Regulation Non-Spinning Reserve Spinning Reserve System Electric Supply Capacity Electricity Sales
16 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Assume $10/kW demand charge and storage at $500/kWh
PEAKY LOAD Savings: 30kW x $10/kW x 12 months = $3,600/year Cost: 4h x 15kW x $500/kWh = $30,000 Simple Payback: 8.33 years
FLAT LOAD Savings: 10kW x $10/kW x 12 months = $1,200/year Cost: 12h x 5kW x $500/kWh = $30,000 Simple Payback: 25 years
24 hours
kW
Average Load
30 kW
10 kW
What if demand charges were the only way to pay for storage?
The Case for Behind-the-Meter Energy Storage
Flat Load
Peaky Load Example for illustration only
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Example for illustration only
The Case for Behind-the-Meter Storage in California
The business case presently relies on heavy federal and state incentives
Policy Incentives
Ancillary Services Revenue
Demand Charge Reduction PV Energy Shift
Reliability Value to Owner
Installed Cost of Storage
O&M Cost
COST REVENUE
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Key Insights – Energy Storage System Demonstrations
System safety a critical consideration – need more operational experience to understand fire suppression requirements Control logic for multiple dispatch algorithm is in its infancy Firmware/Software upgrade/maintenance impacts reliable operation Mini-system testing will be critical for early deployments
Battery technology is mature but system integration and operational experience is still lacking
75kW/42kWh; Lithium Titanate; Duke
402kW/282kWh; Sodium Nickel; Duke
25kW/50kWh; Lithium Ion; Microgrid – SDG&E
9MVA/32Wh; Lithium Ion; Wind – SCE
Multiple Chemistry…Multiple Application…Various Size
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Meeting the Challenges
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Foundations of An Integrated Grid
1. Grid Modernization
2. Communication Standards and Interconnection Rules
3. Integrated Planning and Operations
4. Informed Policy and Regulation
21 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Value of an Integrated Grid to Society
22 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
How Might the Grid Evolve?
Grid Defection
Connected, but not
Integrated
Partially Integrated
A Fully Integrated
Grid
Where we are today
Policy, Regulation, Markets, Interconnection Rules and Technology will Drive the Transformation of the Grid
23 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Technical Basis for Today’s Briefing
EPRI Technical Staff: ~20 engineers and scientists and economists that brings a “system view” of the energy storage deployment landscape with various areas of expertise – Battery Chemistries – Battery Design – System Integration – Value and Economics – Application Use Cases – T&D Application – Power Markets – Modeling & Simulation – Environment & Health – Safety
Good understanding of the facts will help us to move beyond the peak of the hype cycle
Gartner Hype Cycle
24 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Today’s Key Takeaways (1)
Energy Storage has potential application across the entire electricity enterprise value chain; Battery technology is mature but system integration and operational experience is still lacking; Decreasing cost and increasing potential for revenue will make ES application much more prevalent (even without any significant technology breakthrough); Incremental improvement of existing technology will lead to increased application – passive thermal energy storage could be a hidden low cost option; Monetizing multiple benefit streams with the objective of providing the lowest cost solution to the rate payers will be key for distribution system integrated applications; and EPRI’s Energy Storage Valuation Tool provides a consistent method to assess the cost and benefit.
25 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Today’s Key Takeaways (2)
The full value of Distributed Energy Resources (ES, PV, CSP, etc.) comes though their integration in the Grid The following reports may advance the discussion around DER grid integration: The Integrated Grid: Realizing the Full Value of Central and
Distributed Energy Resources, EPRI, Palo Alto CA: 2014 3002002733
The Integrated Grid: A Benefit-Cost Framework, EPRI, Palo Alto, CA: 2015 3002004878
* Both reports are available and may be downloaded from the EPRI Website: www.epri.com
26 © 2015 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Together…Shaping the Future of Electricity
"Electricity for All" Programme
Access to energy and its link with energy storage
Global Sustainable Electricity Partnership
UN ECLAC
Rio de Janeiro, April 2015
2
… we need many innovative projects
1,300 million people without access to electricity….
Promoting economically viable electrification projects:
taking advantage of Iberdrola’s technical, logistical, organizational and financial capacity of to
promote universal access to electricity
3
“Electricity for all” Programme
January 2014 “Electricity for all” Programme launched
Strengthening and expanding Iberdrola’s activities in promoting access to electricity in emerging and developing countries
Increase the number of beneficiaries
4
Programme’s action lines
2. To value the activities carried out by the business
3. Development projects with high social component
1. Project finance through capital investment
5
Project portfolio development strategy
• Search of projects under development where Iberdrola can take a participation through a minor stake using PERSEO1 Investment Fund
Financing projects through capital investment
1. Innovative projects: new business models 2. Economically feasible projects 3. Technologically neutral, priority on renewables 4. Focus on development: home electrification and small
businesses 5. Geographic criteria: countries with Iberdrola’s presence 6. Indicator: number of beneficiaries and social return 7. Size: 400.000€- 1,5 million € 8. Reinvestment in new projects
1: Iberdrola’s Corporate Venture program
Perseo studies disruptive and innovative technologies and business models such as off-grid solar and energy storage initiatives
Perseo, Iberdrola´s corporate venture capital program, was set up in the year 2008 and allocated over €70 million for investment in technologies and new business models to guarantee that the Group remains at the forefront of the energy sector, by providing access to the most advanced and sustainable
technologies.
SunFunder
IBERDROLA, in January 2015, through its IBERDROLA Ventures – Perseo corporate venture capital program, has invested in the company SunFunder to finance solar
projects in emerging countries. This operation represents a major contribution towards reducing the number of people without access to electricity, as it is estimated
that over 150,000 users could benefit from this.
R&D projects related to storage
Some of the activities that provide reliable electricity and encourage sustainable development, grouped into future strategic areas at international level, are: Renewable energy, clean generation technologies, smart grids, electric vehicles, energy storage,
energy markets and other disruptive technologies in sustainable energy.
Some relevant examples from our Innovation Report 2011-2013 (http://www.iberdrola.es/webibd/gc/prod/en/doc/innovacion_informe13.pdf)
ARRANCADOR Project:
Development of a soft start system for hydroelectric power plant
pumps.
SAREBAT Project: Automated monitoring of the low-voltage grid:
Brazilian Electricity Regulatory Agency ANEEL
Superintendency of Research and Development and Energy Efficiency
SPE
R&D Programme for the Electric Energy Sector
Law # 9.991, July 24th,2000
Objective
Innovations to face the technological and market challenges of the Brazilian electric sector.
Establishes minimum percentages from Net Operating Income (NOI) for investing in R&D projects
1. R&D Programme for the Electric Energy Sector
Brazilian’s Law for R&D in the Electric Energy Sector
Utilities Segment R&D R&D regulated by ANEEL Generation 1.0 % 0.4 %
Transmission 1.0 % 0.4 %
Distribution 0.5 % 0.2 %
Available Resources
ES
1% NOI
R&D
EE
G 1% NOI
T 1% NOI
D 0,5% NOI
R&D
TOTAL
40% CT Energ
40% Utilities
20% MME
D 0,5% NOI
D Total EE
Utilities NOI= US$ 37.8bi 1% NOI= US$ 377Mi
Noi(D) = US$24.8b => ( 66% NOI)
R&D ( 0,5% NOI(D) = US$ 124.2Mi
EE ( 0,5% NOI(D) = US$ 124.2Mi
US$254Mi
US$101.6Mi
US$101.6Mi
US$50.8Mi
US$124.2Mi
1. R&D Programme for the Electric Energy Sector
US$ 124.2Mi *1US$= R$ 3.10
Institutional Arrangement
Regulatory Agency Utilities
Universities
Manufacturers Consultants
Research Centers
Preparation & Execution
Regulation &
Supervision
1. R&D Programme for the Electric Energy Sector
2. ANEEL´s R&D Management Overview
R&D Investments: from 2008 (with interest in execution)
Theme Quantity % Planned Investment (US$) %
Energy Alternative Sources 195 12,16% 349.636.754,58 24,89%
Thermoelectric Generation 48 2,99% 34.400.832,10 2,45%
Basins and Reservoirs Management 58 3,62% 61.433.929,70 4,37%
Environment 141 8,80% 99.375.019,55 7,07%
Safety/Security 97 6,05% 52.456.029,02 3,73%
Energy Efficiency 98 6,11% 51.533.692,81 3,67%
Power Systems Planning 125 7,80% 156.750.124,12 11,16%
Power Systems Operation 170 10,61% 101.582.018,84 7,23%
Power Systems Control and Protection 283 17,65% 172.624.051,47 12,29%
Power Quality and Reliability 112 6,99% 69.021.004,51 4,91%
Metering, Billing and Commercial Losses 118 7,36% 75.238.538,73 5,36%
Other 158 9,86% 180.864.279,95 12,87% Total 1603 100% 1.404.916.275,37 100%
3. Smart Grid projects
Investments Made / Programmed by Phase of the Innovation Chain
Phase of the Innovation Chain Qtd. Investments Made / Programmed %
Basic Research 18 R$ 26.799.112,85 5,01%
Applied Research 79 R$ 181.822.496,43 34,00%
Experimental Development 97 R$ 293.852.361,83 54,96%
Serial Head 8 R$ 10.620.910,76 1,99%
Pioneer Lot 6 R$ 21.603.811,44 4,04%
Total* 208 R$ 534.698.693,31 100,00%
* Updated on 11/2013.
Public service concession companies
Smart Grid
Alternative Sources (Solar e Wind)
Industry
CTIs e Design Houses
Economic subvention and Financial
resources
Public Funds (FUNTEC) and
Financial resources
R&D Compulsory resources
Electric, hybrid and conventional
efficient vehicles
Objetos do Apoio
Topic
Companies
4. Inova Energia Programme
1. Solar photovoltaic energy; 2. Solar thermal energy with high temperature; 3. Wind energy; 4. Wave and tide energy; 5. Geothermal energy generation; 6. Power generation from municipal waste and agribusiness; 7. Gasification of biomass and fossil fuels for energy generation; 8. Energy generation and conversion from coal; 9. Hydrogen and fuel cells; 10.Greenhouse gas emissions in reservoirs and electric systems; 11.Nanotechnology and new materials applied to the electric sector; 12. Interconnected systems and blackouts prevention; 13.Smart grids; 14.Electric vehicles; 15. Energy Storage; and 16. Prospective studies - technology roadmaps.
5. Demands for research themes/projects and training
6. R&D Programme Expectations
Increase the efficiency and agility in the resources application;
Decrease the bureaucracy in the projects execution;
Optimize allocation of resources on strategic and priorities issues;
Converge technological innovation into business, promoting effective sharing of experiences;
Disseminate project results among utilities;
Show effective benefits for electricity customers, who supports the projects.
Brazilian Electricity Regulatory Agency – ANEEL Superintendency of Research and Development and Energy Efficiency – SPE
SGAN 603 – Módulos “I” e “J” Brasília – DF – Brazil – 70.830-030
Tel.: +55 61 2192 8642 www.aneel.gov.br
Maurizio Bezzeccheri Rio de Janeiro – April 16th, 2015
Electricity for sustainable development: creating shared value
GSEP/UN-ECLAC Rio de Janeiro, April 16th
2
Project for a sustainable algae fishing economy
The project’s local context: San Juan de Marcona
GSEP/UN-ECLAC Rio de Janeiro, April 16th
3
Identify innovative solutions to serve the socio-economic development of the San Juan de Marcona District fishing population, respecting their historical vocation and the artisanal dimension
Focus on eco-system conservation by repopulation and cultivation
Avoid delocalization of productive infrastructure due to local lack of energy
Empower people in Management, Operation and Maintenance of new tools
• Redesigning the value chain (algae drying, cutting and packing) • Adding product diversification (products cultivation facility) • Improve competitiveness and long term sustainability of the activity
Co-designing the solution with the community
GSEP/UN-ECLAC Rio de Janeiro, April 16th
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Passive Algae collection
Drying on the beach
Selling to a unique
distributor
Fishing by diving
Selling to gross market or processing
industry
Current value chain
Problems
Social Unsafe diving accident
rate Mortal and permanent
invalidity rate
Economical Low negotiation power Minimum client
portfolio No added value No professional
upgrading Price instability Revenue stream
unsustainable
TOD
AY
GSEP/UN-ECLAC Rio de Janeiro, April 16th
Changing the value chain
Expected results
Social Zero accident for safe diving Zero permanent invalidity Zero mortality rate Drinking water availability New employment opportunities
Economical Localization of the economy Income increasing New skills and Knowledge Sustainable revenue stream
Environmental Ecosystem conservation Repopulation of natural resources Increasing O2 production Renewable energy
Off Grid electrified Hatchery
New revenue stream
new
infrastru
cture
Passive Algae collection
+ repopulation
Added value drying system
Selling to diversified portfolio
Cutting machine
Marketing plan
Quality drying process
Added value product Localization of Economy
Ecosystem conservation
New markets
New incomes
New skills
new
infrastru
cture
Safe Fishing by diving
Selling to diversified portfolio
Safety diving training
Product processing
Off grid electrified hatchery
First Aid team New enterprises New revenue streams
new
infrastru
cture
new
infrastru
cture
TOM
OR
RO
W
Drinking water
SROI for measuring
5
GSEP/UN-ECLAC Rio de Janeiro, April 16th
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Renewable key role for local development
• PV Solar modules (crystalline) mounted on fixed structure systems (63 kWp)
• Mini wind system (60 kW) • Storage system (electrochemical Li-ion batteries 70 kWh) • diesel generator (2x72 kWel) • plant management system • Reverse osmosis for drinking water production
Hatchery for algae cultivation, 300sqm Stand alone hybrid power supply, 24h
GSEP/UN-ECLAC Rio de Janeiro, April 16th
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SROI ratio, expressed in monetary figures, shows the value of the social and environmental impact that has been created in financial terms.
This makes it possible to measure social benefit against the cost of investment.
Net Present Value of impacts
Net Present Value of investment SROI =
Resources (financial and non financial)
Project’s activities Outcomes minus what would have happened anyway
Direct and tangible products from the activity
Changes that take place in stakeholders as a result of the activity
The SROI ratio helps to tell your story, it is not the whole story! • Set objectives and identify output indicators • Think through outcomes. Decide which can be
measured and monetised. Find data • Calculate outcome. Subtract deadweight to
illustrate impact. Check your assumptions • The SROI ratio is the total monetary value of
impact, divided by the investment
Social Return Of Investment (SROI)
Measuring social, economic, environmental outcomes
GSEP/UN-ECLAC Rio de Janeiro, April 16th
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Ollagüe (Hybrid Generation Power Plant with storage - Chile)
PV, 200 kWp 3Sun thin film modules WTG, vertical axis, 30kWp Battery 250 kW - 520kWh energy storage system Diesel Generator as backup ,250kW Additional, 2 Thermodynamic systems of 1 kWe + 3kWt each, providing hot water to local school First of a kind off-grid generation system for EGP, possible model to be applied to similar off-grid or grid limited sites Supply 24hs/day 7 days/week energy to an off-grid village placed at 3700 AMSL in a desert area of Chile, removing the restriction of the village to having access to energy during night time Minimizing the consumption of fuel from existing diesel generator to only limited time in winter (expected >84% of generation from RES) Testing advanced renewable technologies and storage system in a harsh environment, with large temperature range Installing smart meters and developing billing via prepaid phone credit leveraging Enel group (Enel Distribuzione) expertise
Emerging business in fast growing countries: Additional off-grid pilot projects in Peru, Kenya, South Africa with smart-meters and billing technology integrated for real time demand-production matching, maximizing the usage of storage and lowering the overall LCOE Our value: Leading battery storage in pilot projects in grid-connected power plants (Catania1- PV and Potenza Pietragalla – Wind) Energy Management system to optimize power plant performances Direct interfacing with DSO / TSO for active grid support
Off-grid Projects Hybrid Generation Power Plant with storage
GSEP/UN-ECLAC Rio de Janeiro, April 16th
Solar Plant PV 205 kWp
Battery Bank 2NaCl-Ni type
752 kWh
Wind generator 30 kW
Cogenerative thermodynamic system to concentration
Diesel generator 250 kW
"Passive" generation system Network Isolated
Active system Remote Management
Technological model replicable in all remote areas of the Andean system
Hybrid Project Ollagüe Technical Scheme
TRINUM
Cogenerative thermodynamic system to concentration
Cogenerative thermodynamic
system to concentration
9
GSEP/UN-ECLAC Rio de Janeiro, April 16th
The Project today
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