Download - A320 21 Air Conditioning System
-
SYSTEM PRESENTATION (2)BASIC PRINCIPLE
The flow of hot air from the air bleed system is regulated before it entersthe packs in order to be temperature regulated. Hot air pressure ismaintained above the cabin pressure, which lets the hot airflow join thepack air supply when necessary. Part of the cabin air is recirculated todecrease air supply demand.
PACK UNITS
The airflow from the air bleed system is regulated by two pack FlowControl Valves (FCVs). Two independent packs then supply air with aregulated temperature to the mixer unit. Both packs supply air at the sametemperature.
MIXER UNIT
The mixer unit mixes air with a regulated temperature from the packswith part of the cabin air supplied by the recirculation fans. The mixerunit can also receive conditioned air from an LP ground connection orfresh outside air from the emergency ram air inlet. The emergency ramair inlet supplies outside fresh air for ventilation of the A/C in emergencyconditions when there is loss of both packs or smoke removal.
TRIM AIR PRV
Hot air tapped upstream of the packs supplies the trim air valves througha trim air Pressure Regulating Valve (PRV). This valve regulates thedownstream pressure 4 psi above the cabin pressure.
HOT TRIM AIR
A trim air valve associated with each zone optimizes the temperature byadding hot air, if necessary, to the air from the mixer unit.
AIR DISTRIBUTION
The conditioned air is distributed to three main zones:- cockpit,- forward cabin,- aft cabin.Normally, the mixer unit lets the cockpit be supplied from pack 1 andFWD and aft cabins from pack 2.
LAV AND GALY VENTILATION
The LAVatory and GALleY ventilation system uses air from the cabinzones. A fan extracts this air through the outflow valve.
NOTE: Note: The LAV and GALY ventilation system is also used toventilate the cabin zone temperature sensors.
ACSC
The Air Conditioning System Controller (ACSC) does:- temperature regulation in accordance with demand,- flow control and monitoring in accordance with flow control demand.
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
SYSTEM PRESENTATION (2) Apr 03, 2013Page 30
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21P1
0000
0000
2
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
BASIC PRINCIPLE ... ACSC
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
SYSTEM PRESENTATION (2) Apr 03, 2013Page 31
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21P1
0000
0000
2
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
PACK PRESENTATION (2)PACK FCV
Each pack Flow Control Valve (FCV) is pneumatically actuated andelectrically controlled. The flow regulation is done by a torque motorunder the control of the Air Conditioning System Controller (ACSC). Ifthe pack compressor outlet temperature is > 215C (419F), the FCVstarts to reduce the flow. A compressor outlet temperature > 260C(500F) results in a pack overheat warning.
NOTE: Note: Part of the hot air, downstream of the pack FCV, is sentto the trim air Pressure Regulating Valve (PRV).Each pack FCV is automatically closed during either a sameside engine start sequence or an opposite side engine startsequence, if the crossbleed valve is detected open. It reopens30 seconds after the end of any engine start sequence.
EXCHANGERS - COMPRESSOR
Bleed air is ducted to the primary heat exchanger, then to the compressor.The air is cooled in the main heat exchanger. It then goes through thereheater, the condenser and the water extractor in order to remove waterparticles from the air entering the turbine.
TURBINE
The air expands in the turbine section, which results in a very low turbinedischarge air temperature. The turbine drives the compressor and thecooling air fan.
RAM AIR INLET FLAP AND BYP VALVE
The BYPass valve and the ram air inlet flap are simultaneously controlledby the air conditioning system controller. The BYP valve is operated byan electro-mechanical actuator to modulate the pack discharge temperatureby adding hot air. The ram air inlet flap modulates the airflow through
the exchangers. To increase cooling, the ram air inlet flap opens moreand the BYP valve closes more. To increase heating, the ram air inletflap closes more and the BYP valve opens more. During take-off andlanding, the ram air inlet flap is closed to prevent ingestion of foreignobjects.
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
PACK PRESENTATION (2) Apr 03, 2013Page 32
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21P2
0000
0000
2
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
PACK FCV ... RAM AIR INLET FLAP AND BYP VALVE
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
PACK PRESENTATION (2) Apr 03, 2013Page 33
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21P2
0000
0000
2
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3)OZONE CONVERTER
High-pressure, high-temperature air from the bleed system is suppliedto the pack Flow Control Unit (FCU) through the OZONE CONVERTER,which is used for catalytic removal of ozone from the hot bleed airsupplied to the pack.
FLOW CONTROL UNIT GENERAL
The FCU includes the Flow Control Valve (FCV). The FCV is anelectro-pneumatic butterfly valve that does the primary functions givenbelow:- control of the mass flow of bleed air that goes into the pack,- isolation of the pack from the bleed air supply (crew selection, enginefire, ditching, or engine start),- Air Cycle Machine (ACM) overheat and low pressure start-up protectioncontrolled by the Air Conditioning System Controllers (ACSCs).ACSC 1 controls the FCU for pack 1 and ACSC 2 controls the FCU forpack 2.
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 34
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
OZONE CONVERTER & FLOW CONTROL UNIT GENERAL
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 35
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3)FLOW CONTROL UNIT
Each FCU includes the FCV, 2 solenoids, one torque motor, one positionsensor and 2 pressure sensors.The FCU operates in MAIN or BACK-UP mode, controlled by the ACSCthrough the solenoids.The functions of the components are:- Solenoid 1 controls the ON/OFF (isolation) function. When this solenoidis energized, the FCV is open and regulates when bleed air pressure isavailable.- Solenoid 2 controls the MAIN or BACK-UP operation. When thissolenoid is de-energized, the FCV operates in MAIN mode. The solenoidis energized for BACK-UP operation.
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 36
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
FLOW CONTROL UNIT
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 37
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3)MAIN OPERATING MODE
In the main operating mode, the FCV position is modulated for each ofthe conditions given below:- changing flow demands,- control priorities (take-off, landing, pack start, etc.),- failures and pack overheat conditions.The flow regulation is a function of the torque motor controlled by therelated ACSC compared with the flow setting on panel 30VU.The ACSC uses the signal from the DIFFERENTIAL PRESS SENSORto determine the air flow that goes through the pack.ACSC 1 only does the air flow calculation. The signal is then sent toACSC 2 for the flow control of pack 2.In some special aircraft configurations, the air flow is set to a specifiedvalue.These default settings are:HIGH FLOW:- during pack operation with the APU bleed air supply,- during single pack operation.LOW FLOW:- during take-off and landing.The PACK INLET PRESSURE SENSOR is used to calculate the bleedair necessary for the pack operation.
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 38
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
MAIN OPERATING MODE
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 39
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3)BACK-UP OPERATING MODE
If there is a malfunction of an FCU component (e.g. Flow sensor, TorqueMotor or Pressure Sensor), the ACSC energizes the second solenoid andthe pack operates in back-up mode.In back-up mode, a downstream pressure regulator controls the FCVflow.
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 40
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
BACK-UP OPERATING MODE
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 41
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3)PRIMARY HEAT EXCHANGER AND COMPRESSOR
To prevent too high a temperature, the PRIMary HEAT EXCHanGeR isused to decrease the temperature of the hot bleed air before it goes intothe ACM compressor. The primary heat exchanger is an air-to-air heatexchanger type and the cooling medium used is external ram air.The compressor increases the air pressure and thus increases the energyof the air. At the same time, the air temperature increases again.
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 42
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
PRIMARY HEAT EXCHANGER AND COMPRESSOR
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 43
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3)MAIN HEAT EXCHANGER
The MAIN HEAT EXCHGR decreases the temperature of the highpressurized air that comes from the ACM compressor.
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 44
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
MAIN HEAT EXCHANGER
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 45
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3)CONDENSER
The condenser is an air-to-air heat exchanger type and is used to decreasethe air temperature below the dew point.The humidity contained in the air will condensate and make waterdroplets. This is necessary to extract the humidity from the air.
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 46
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
CONDENSER
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 47
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3)WATER EXTRACTOR AND INJECTORThe air from the condenser is sent through the WATER EXTRACTOR.Guide vanes will supply this air at high speed and centrifugal forces willextract the water from the air flow. The extracted water is injected intothe ram air duct through the WATER INJECTOR. This increases thecooling efficiency of the primary and main heat exchangers.This is usually done only on ground or in low altitudes.
REHEATER
The air, which then contains almost no water, goes to the REHEATER.The REHEATER uses warm air from the main heat exchanger outlet toincrease again the temperature of the cold air that comes from the waterextractor. This is necessary to vaporize the last remaining water dropletsbefore the air is sent to the ACM turbine and to prevent damage to theturbine.
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 48
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
WATER EXTRACTOR AND INJECTOR & REHEATER
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 49
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3)AIR CYCLE MACHINE TURBINE
The ACM turbine converts high pressurized air into rotation and thusoperates the ACM with its compressor and the ACM fan.The result is a fast decrease of the air pressure and air temperature tobelow 0C (-50C as maximum negative temperature).PACK DISCHARGE TEMPERATURE SENSOR ANDCHECK VALVE
The cold air flows through the condenser again.This cold airflow is used to decrease the temperature of the warm air tobelow the dew point before the air goes into the water extractor.Downstream of the condenser, the ACSC uses the PACK DISCHARGETEMPerature SENSOR to monitor the pack outlet temperature.The sensor is used for indication on the ECAM COND page. A packoverheat warning will start at a temperature of more than 88C.The PACK CHECK VALVE, which is downstream of the condenser,stops leakage of air from the distribution system when the FCV is closed.The check valve is attached to the pressure bulkhead of the forwardfuselage.
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 50
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
AIR CYCLE MACHINE TURBINE & PACK DISCHARGE TEMPERATURE SENSOR AND CHECK VALVE
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 51
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3)WATER EXTRACTOR TEMPERATURE SENSOR
The ACSC monitors the value from the WATER EXTRACTOR TEMPSENSOR to modulate the pack outlet temperature.
PACK TEMPERATURE CONTROL AND BYPASS VALVE
In relation to the input made by the pilots from panel 30VU and the relatedtemperature selector, the ACSC compares the specified temperature withthe sensed pack temperature. To adjust the temperature, the ACSC sendsan electrical signal to the stepper motor of the Bypass Valve (BYP VLV).When controlled to a more open position, the valve bypasses hot air fromthe ACM compressor inlet around the ACM to the turbine outlet and thusincreases the outlet temperature of the pack. This temperature control isused for short term and for a fast pack response.
RAM AIR ACTUATOR
For long term pack temperature control, the ACSC modulates the ramair cooling flow through the heat exchangers. To do this, it controls theposition of the RAM AIR ACTUATOR and thus the position of the ramair inlet flap. The position of the ram air inlet flap is monitored by theSPEED AND DIRECTION SENSOR attached to the actuator.In some special aircraft configurations (take-off and landing), the ramair flap is controlled to the fully closed position to prevent dirt ingestionfrom the nose landing gear.
ACM FAN
During aircraft operation on ground, the ACM FAN is used to supplycooling air around the primary and the main heat exchangers.In flight with ram air available, the fan will be bypassed to prevent anegative effect on the ACM operation.
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 52
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
WATER EXTRACTOR TEMPERATURE SENSOR ... ACM FAN
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 53
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3)PACK DISCHARGE PRESSURE SENSOR
The ACSC uses the PACK DISCHARGE PRESS SENSOR to comparethe cabin pressure with the turbine outlet pressure.If the difference between these two pressure values is more than aspecified limit, then there can be icing at the condenserThis causes the ACSC to command the bypass valve (BYP VLV) to amore open position and hot air flows directly into the turbine outletairflow.This hot air will melt the ice at the condenser, which causes the packdischarge pressure to get back to a normal value. When the pressurevalues are below the activation threshold, the bypass valve goes back tothe normal temperature regulating position.
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 54
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
PACK DISCHARGE PRESSURE SENSOR
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 55
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3)PACK OVERHEAT DETECTION
To prevent a pack overheat, the ACSC monitors the COMPRESSORDISCHARGE TEMP SENSOR.The ACSC will send a signal to the RAM AIR INLET ACTUATOR ifthe temperature increases to more than 180C.This will cause an increase of the cooling airflow around the heatexchangers and an overheat condition will be prevented.If there is no positive effect on the compressor outlet temperature, theACSC will send a signal to the torque motor of the FCV to control it toa more closed position. This will decrease the hot air supply into the pack.At a temperature of 260C and with the aircraft on ground, the ACSCwill close the FCV and send a signal to the panel 30VU. This signalcauses the FAULT light in the related PACK pushbutton switch to comeon. In flight, the FCV remains open. An ECAM warning will start.
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 56
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
PACK OVERHEAT DETECTION
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 57
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3)MAINTENANCE
The Centralized Fault Display Interface Unit (CFDIU) is only connectedto the ACSC 2. All BITE data of ACSC 1 will be transmitted to ACSC2 first before it goes to the CFDIU.
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 58
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
MAINTENANCE
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
FLOW CONTROL & PACK COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 59
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
1000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
PACK SENSORS DESCRIPTION/OPERATION (3)PACK INLET PRESSURE SENSOR
The pack inlet pressure sensor signals a pack inlet pressure drop to theAir Conditioning System Controller (ACSC). It is used to determine theappropriate BYPass valve position. When the pack inlet pressure is low,the BYP valve is controlled to a more open position in order to decreasethe Differential Pressure (DELTA P) of the air conditioning pack. At thesame time, the ram air inlet flap is controlled to a more open position tocompensate for the decreased efficiency of the turbine/compressor cycle.Also, when engines are idle, if the cooling demand cannot be satisfied,the engine idle setting can be changed by a thrust demand.
DELTA P SENSOR
A DELTA P sensor measures a differential pressure at the Flow ControlValve (FCV) inlet. This DELTA P, which is equivalent to the airflow,is converted into an electrical signal and sent to the ACSC. It is used forECAM display and FCV control.
COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE TEMPERATURE SENSOR
The compressor discharge temperature sensor signals the compressoroutlet temperature to the ACSC for pack temperature control and overheatdetection.Pack temperature control:- up to 180C (385F): normal operation,- 180C to 220C (428F): the ram air inlet flap opens more in order toincrease the RAM airflow.The pack FAULT light comes on in if there is pack overheat of 260C(500F). If the A/C is on ground, automatic FCV closure occurs.PACK DISCHARGE PRESSURE SENSOR
The pack discharge pressure sensor measures the pressure differencebetween turbine outlet and cabin underfloor pressure. The pack discharge
pressure sensor is mounted on the bulkhead between the air conditioningbay and the pressurized cabin. It is connected to the corresponding ACSC.
WATER EXTRACT TEMPERATURE SENSOR
The water extract temperature sensor signals the water extractortemperature for the pack outlet temperature control. The pack temperaturesensor has two thermistors: one sensing element is connected to lane 1and the other to lane 2 of the related ACSC. They are used to modulatethe pack outlet temperature.
PACK DISCHARGE TEMPERATURE SENSOR
The pack discharge temperature sensor signals the pack outlet temperatureto the ACSC for ECAM display. The pack outlet temperature sensor alsogives pack overheat warning indications if the pack outlet temperatureexceeds 88C (190F).
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
PACK SENSORS DESCRIPTION/OPERATION (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 60
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
2000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
PACK INLET PRESSURE SENSOR ... PACK DISCHARGE TEMPERATURE SENSOR
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
PACK SENSORS DESCRIPTION/OPERATION (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 61
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
2000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
COCKPIT & CABIN COMPONENTS D/O (3)MIXER UNIT
The mixer unit mixes air from packs and recirculated air from the cabinbefore distribution to each zone. The mixer unit, installed under the cabinfloor, uses cabin air, which has entered the underfloor area and has beendrawn through recirculation filters by recirculation fans. This air is mixedwith conditioned air from the packs. The quantity of cabin air mixed withconditioned air varies from 37% to 51% (the cabin fans operate at aconstant speed, but the airflow from the Pack Flow Control Valve (FCV)can vary.)TEMPERATURE SENSORS
There are two mixer unit temperature sensors, one on either side of themixer unit. They give the actual temperature of the mixer unit to the AirConditioning System Controllers (ASCSs). The cockpit mixer unittemperature sensor is connected to the ACSC 1 and the cabin mixer unitto the ACSC 2. Each mixer unit temperature sensor has two thermistors,one connected to lane 1 and the other to the second lane of the ACSC.
MIXER UNIT FLAP
The mixer unit flap ensures sufficient flight deck air supply if pack 1 isselected off. An electrically operated mixer unit flap is installed to ensurethat sufficient fresh air is delivered to the cockpit in case of pack 1 failure.
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
COCKPIT & CABIN COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 62
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
3000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
MIXER UNIT ... MIXER UNIT FLAP
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
COCKPIT & CABIN COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 63
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
3000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
COCKPIT & CABIN COMPONENTS D/O (3)AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM CONTROLLERS
During normal or abnormal operation the cockpit and cabin system iscontrolled by the two ACSCs. Cabin zones demanding a highertemperature than that which is available from the mixer unit receiveadditional hot trim-air added by the trim air valve. The trim air valvesare operated by ACSC 1 for the cockpit and ACSC 2 for the FWD andaft cabin zones.
TRIM AIR PRV
The trim air Pressure Regulating Valve (PRV) is pneumatically operatedand electrically controlled by a solenoid. The solenoid controls theON/OFF function. The trim air PRV regulates the pressure of the airsupplied to the trim air valves, 4 psi above the cabin pressure. TheON/OFF function solenoid de-energizes when the HOT AIR P/B is setto OFF or when the temperature of any duct is above 88C (190F). Thiscloses the valve.
HOT AIR PRESSURE SWITCH
Due to a malfunction of the trim air PRV, the hot air pressure switchsignals overpressure to ACSCs 1 and 2 for ECAM display and theCentralized Fault Display System (CFDS) and monitoring. If pressurein the system is 6.5 psi greater than the cabin pressure, ACSC 1 sends afault signal to ECAM. This signal stays until the pressure falls below 5psi.
TRIM AIR VALVES
The trim air valves lets the zone temperature be adjusted by modulatingthe hot airflow added to air from the mixer unit. The trim air valves closewhen the trim air PRV closes. The butterfly of the trim air valves iscontrolled by a stepper motor. The trim air valve position is determinedusing the step-counting principle.T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
COCKPIT & CABIN COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 64
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
3000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM CONTROLLERS ... TRIM AIR VALVES
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
COCKPIT & CABIN COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 65
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
3000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
COCKPIT & CABIN COMPONENTS D/O (3)DUCT TEMPERATURE SENSORS
Each duct temperature sensor detects duct temperature for the relatedzone temperature control, indication and overheat detection to the ACSC.Each duct temperature sensor has two thermistors, one connected to lane1 and the other to the second lane of the ACSC. Each thermistor doescontrol, indication and overheat detection 88C (190F).In case of overheat in one of the three supply ducts (temperature above88C or 190F), the ACSCs close the trim air PRV and all Trim AirValves (TAV) automatically.ZONE TEMPERATURE SENSORS
Each zone sensor detects the related zone temperature for zonetemperature control and indication on ECAM display. Each zonetemperature sensor has two thermistors, one connected to ACSC 1 andthe other to ACSC 2.
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
COCKPIT & CABIN COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 66
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
3000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
DUCT TEMPERATURE SENSORS & ZONE TEMPERATURE SENSORS
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
COCKPIT & CABIN COMPONENTS D/O (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 67
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21D
3000
0000
02
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
ZONE TEMPERATURE CONTROL INTERFACES (3)GENERAL
The function of the Air Conditioning System Controller (ACSC) is tocommunicate with other systems via hardware interfaces.
SDAC
System data information is transmitted to the System Data AcquisitionConcentrator (SDAC) via ARINC buses for system monitoring. Thesystem data information is used for warning and display. These data aretemperature, valve position and others.
EIU
The ACSC sends data to both Engine Interface Units (EIUs). Each EIUsends one discrete to the ACSC. EIUs 1 and 2 send to the ACSC:- the take-off thrust used for pack ram air inlet closure,- the High Pressure (HP) fuel valve position used for bleed demandcirculation and for engine start sequence, so that the pack Flow ControlValves (FCVs) are controlled to close during engine start.The ACSC sends to EIUs 1 and 2:- the engine power increase used for bleed airflow increase,- the bleed and the anti-ice status used for thrust limit calculation.
CPC
The Cabin Pressure Controller (CPC) 1 or 2 (depending who is in control)sends data to the ACSC for zone and pack temperature control. The A/Caltitude is used for zone temperature compensation and pack waterextractor outlet temperature limitation.
ECB
The ACSC sends data to the Electronic Control Box (ECB) and receivesan APU bleed valve open discrete. The ACSC sends to the ECB theincrease of APU flow used for increased bleed airflow.When the ECB sends a signal to the ACSC, the APU bleed valve opendiscrete is used for flow demand calculation.
FDIMU
The ACSCs send system main status data to the Flight Data Interfaceand Management Unit (FDIMU) for maintenance monitoring functions.The ACSC sends to the FDIMU:- the trim-air Pressure Regulating Valve (PRV) position,- pack flow, water extractor and pack compressor discharge temperatures,BYPass valve and ram air inlet flap positions.
CFDIU
ACSC 2 sends BITE data to the Centralized Fault Display Interface Unit(CFDIU) for system monitoring. The BITE data is used for temperaturecontrol system monitoring.Only the ASCS 2 is connected to the CFDIU. Therefore all BITE datafrom/to ACSC 1 are transmitted through the ACSC 2.
AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM CONTROLLERS
The ACSCs mainly receive temperature and flow demands, CFDIUcontrol signals and send back maintenance data signals. The ACSCs alsoreceive a signal from the DITCHING P/B to close both pack FCVs ifthere is a ditching. ACSC 1 and 2 receive a signal from the engine FIREP/B, to close the related pack FCV in case of engine fire. The CabinIntercommunication Data System (CIDS) Director 1 sends a data signalfor ACSC 1, and the CIDS Director 2 sends a signal for ACSC 2 for
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
ZONE TEMPERATURE CONTROL INTERFACES (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 68
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21F1
0000
0000
2
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
temperature regulation (+ or - 2.5C) from the Flight Attendant Panel(FAP).FAN PARAMETERS
The ACSCs receive discrete signals from recirculation and toilet fans formonitoring. The lavatory and galley extraction and the cabin recirculationfan operation are used for monitoring and transmission to the SDACsand CFDIU.
ANTI-ICE AND PNEUMATIC PARAMETERS
Anti-ice and pneumatic parameters are used to detect faults and to makesure that the status of the bleed air system is transmitted to the CFDIUand EIUs. The valve positions, low and high pressure, are used for anti-icesystem fault detection for the CFDIU and thrust limit calculation for theEIUs.
LGCIU 2
Landing Gear Control and Interface Unit (LGCIU) 2 sends a ground/flightsignal to both ACSCs for pack air inlet flap operation. The ground/flightsignal is used for pack ram air inlet flap closure during take-off andlanding phases.
BSCU
The Braking/Steering Control Unit (BSCU) sends a wheel signal to bothACSCs for pack ram air inlet flap operation. The wheel speed is used forpack ram air inlet flap closure during take-off and landing phases.
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
ZONE TEMPERATURE CONTROL INTERFACES (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 69
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21F1
0000
0000
2
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
-
GENERAL ... BSCU
T1+T2 (CFM 56) (Lvl 2&3) 21 - AIR CONDITIONING
ZONE TEMPERATURE CONTROL INTERFACES (3) Apr 03, 2013Page 70
Single Aisle TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUALU
G91
3131
- U
7PT0
M0
- UM
21F1
0000
0000
2
Issue001 - Dated 04/06/2014
Table of ContentsGENERALAir Conditioning System Component Location (2)SYSTEM OVERVIEWCABIN TEMPERATURE CONTROLPRESSURIZATION CONTROLAVIONICS VENTILATIONCARGO VENTILATION AND HEATINGCONDITIONED SERVICE AIR SYSTEM
COMPONENT LOCATIONAIR CONDITIONNING SYSTEMPRESSURIZATION SYSTEMVENTILATION SYSTEMFWD CARGO VENTILATION AND HEATING SYSTEMAFT CARGO VENTILATION AND HEATING SYSTEMCONDITIONED SERVICE AIR SYSTEM
Air Conditioning System Control & Indicating (2)LOCATE CONTROL/INDICATING IN COCKPITAIR CONDITIONING SUB-SYSTEMSCABIN PRESSURIZATION SYSTEMVENTILATION SUB-SYSTEMSEMERGENCY CONTROL - DITCHING
ZONE TEMPERATURE CONTROLSystem Presentation (2)BASIC PRINCIPLEPACK UNITSMIXER UNITTRIM AIR PRVHOT TRIM AIRAIR DISTRIBUTIONLAV AND GALY VENTILATIONACSC
Pack Presentation (2)PACK FCVEXCHANGERS - COMPRESSORTURBINERAM AIR INLET FLAP AND BYP VALVE
Flow Control & Pack Components D/O (3)OZONE CONVERTERFLOW CONTROL UNIT GENERALFLOW CONTROL UNITMAIN OPERATING MODEBACK-UP OPERATING MODEPRIMARY HEAT EXCHANGER AND COMPRESSORMAIN HEAT EXCHANGERCONDENSERWATER EXTRACTOR AND INJECTORREHEATERAIR CYCLE MACHINE TURBINEPACK DISCHARGE TEMPERATURE SENSOR AND CHECK VALVEWATER EXTRACTOR TEMPERATURE SENSORPACK TEMPERATURE CONTROL AND BYPASS VALVERAM AIR ACTUATORACM FANPACK DISCHARGE PRESSURE SENSORPACK OVERHEAT DETECTIONMAINTENANCE
Pack Sensors Description/Operation (3)PACK INLET PRESSURE SENSORDELTA P SENSORCOMPRESSOR DISCHARGE TEMPERATURE SENSORPACK DISCHARGE PRESSURE SENSORWATER EXTRACT TEMPERATURE SENSORPACK DISCHARGE TEMPERATURE SENSOR
Cockpit & Cabin Components D/O (3)MIXER UNITTEMPERATURE SENSORSMIXER UNIT FLAPAIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM CONTROLLERSTRIM AIR PRVHOT AIR PRESSURE SWITCHTRIM AIR VALVESDUCT TEMPERATURE SENSORSZONE TEMPERATURE SENSORS
Zone Temperature Control Interfaces (3)GENERALSDACEIUCPCECBFDIMUCFDIUAIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM CONTROLLERSFAN PARAMETERSANTI-ICE AND PNEUMATIC PARAMETERSLGCIU 2BSCU
Emergency Ram Air Inlet D/O (3)GENERALEMERGENCY RAM AIR INLET FLAP OPERATION
PRESSURIZATIONSystem Presentation (3)CABIN PRESSURE ALTITUDE ENVELOPECABIN PRESSURE CONTROLLERSOUTFLOW VALVESAFETY VALVESRPCU
System Control Interfaces (3)EIULGCIUADIRUFMGCMOTORSCONTROLLER 1/CONTROLLER 2AIR COND PANEL AND CABIN PRESS PANELPRESS PANEL/MOTOR 3RPCU INTERFACESCABIN ALTITUDE INDICATIONAUTO MODEMANUAL MODE
PRESSURIZATION CONTROL SYSTEMAUTOMATIC OPERATIONMANUAL OPERATION
System Monitoring Interfaces (3)FWCSDACCFDIUCIDSCABIN PRESS PANELCABIN PRESS PANEL/SDACSAFETY VALVES/SDAC
GENERAL VENTILATIONSystem Design Presentation (2)AVIONICSLAVatories and galleysCARGOCONTrollers
AVIONICS VENTILATIONSystem Description and Operation (3)GENERALOPEN CIRCUIT CONFIGURATIONCLOSED CIRCUIT CONFIGURATIONPARTIALLY OPEN CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION
System Interfaces (3)LGCIUEIUCFDIUCONTROLLER AEVC/SDACSKIN TEMPERATURE SENSORSKIN AIR VALVEs/SDACMONITORINGBLOWING PRESSURE SWITCHES AND DUCT TEMPERATURE SENSOREXTRACT PRESSURE SWITCHSMOKE DETECTOR
FWD CARGO COMPT VENTILATION/HEATING (option)System Controls Presentation (3)SYSTEM INTRODUCTIONFWD ISOL VALVE P/BTEMPERATURE SELECTORHOT AIR P/BCARGO SMOKE
AFT CARGO COMPT VENTILATION/HEATING (option)System Controls Presentation (3)SYSTEM INTRODUCTIONAFT ISOL VALVE P/BTEMPERATURE SELECTORHOT AIR P/BCARGO SMOKE
Air Conditioning System Line Maintenance (2)MEL/DEACTIVATIONPACK FLOW CONTROL VALVEAVIONICS VENTILATION SKIN AIR OUTLET VALVEAVIONICS VENTILATION SKIN AIR INLET VALVEAVIONICS VENTILATION CONDITIONED AIR INLET VALVE
MAINTENANCE TIPS
Air Conditioning System Operation, Control & Indicating (3)AIR CONDITIONING SUB-SYSTEMSPACK 1 OVERHEATCABIN / COCKPIT DUCT OVERHEATVENTILATION SUB-SYSTEMSVENT EXTRACT FAULT