Download - Access control system using RFID and zigbee
ACCESS CONTROL ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM USING RFID AND SYSTEM USING RFID AND
ZIGBEEZIGBEEThe envisage to modern buildingThe envisage to modern building
S.PradheepS.Pradheep
S.Vivek SwaminathanS.Vivek Swaminathan
T.Balaji SrinivasanT.Balaji Srinivasan
Key pointsKey points
Access controlAccess control is the ability to permit or is the ability to permit or deny the use of something by someone.deny the use of something by someone.
Why access control???Why access control???
Human-Less Monitoring of parameter such Human-Less Monitoring of parameter such as Security, attendance logging, etc,.as Security, attendance logging, etc,.
..
ObjectiveObjective
Access Control System should beAccess Control System should be
Extremely AffordableExtremely Affordable StandaloneStandalone Easily Deployable (Fit n Forget)Easily Deployable (Fit n Forget) User FriendlyUser Friendly Longer Operability Longer Operability
Why RFID????Why RFID????
No line of sight requirementNo line of sight requirement The tag can withstand harsh environments The tag can withstand harsh environments Long read rangeLong read range Portable database Portable database Multiple tag read/write. Multiple tag read/write. Tracking people, items, and equipment in Tracking people, items, and equipment in
real-timereal-time
What is RFID?What is RFID?
Automatic Identification Method,Automatic Identification Method, Storing and remotely retrieving data using Storing and remotely retrieving data using
devices called RFID tagsdevices called RFID tags An RFID tag is an object that can be An RFID tag is an object that can be
attached to or incorporated into a product, attached to or incorporated into a product, animal, or person for the purpose of animal, or person for the purpose of identification using radio wavesidentification using radio waves
Types of RFID tags Types of RFID tags
Active TAG – Internal Battery PoweredActive TAG – Internal Battery PoweredPassive TAG – Powered by ReaderPassive TAG – Powered by ReaderSemi-Passive TAG – only Chip is Powered Semi-Passive TAG – only Chip is Powered
by Battery. Transmission power obtained by Battery. Transmission power obtained from readerfrom reader
Chipless TAG – No chip present, available Chipless TAG – No chip present, available in the form of thin stickersin the form of thin stickers
Our RFID readerOur RFID reader
Passive Reader125 KHz ModuleCan be interfaced easily
to uC through Serial Communication
Affordable
ApplicationsApplications Some other areas where passive RFID has been applied in recent Some other areas where passive RFID has been applied in recent
past are:past are: Person Identification Person Identification Food Production Control Food Production Control Vehicle Parking Monitoring Vehicle Parking Monitoring Toxic Waste Monitoring Toxic Waste Monitoring Valuable Objects Insurance Identification Valuable Objects Insurance Identification Asset Management Asset Management Access Control Access Control
Short range or proximity applications are typically access control Short range or proximity applications are typically access control applications.applications.
Some main areas are:Some main areas are: Access control Access control Mass transit ticketing Mass transit ticketing
WIRELESS over wiredWIRELESS over wired
FlexibilityFlexibility ScalabilityScalability Ease of deploymentEase of deployment RetrofittingRetrofitting Reduced cost Reduced cost Fit and forgetFit and forget
Protocols OverviewProtocols Overview
ZigBee802.15.4
Wi-Fi802.11b
Wi-Fi5802.11a/HL2
GSM/CDMA GPRS/3G LMDS
High Data RateLow Data Rate
Sh
ort
Ran
geL
ong
Ran
ge
WAN
LAN
PAN
Bluetooth 2
Text
Digitalvideo Multi-channel
video
GraphicsInternet
Hi-Fiaudio Streaming
video
Bluetooth 1802.15.1
WiMedia802.15.3
Why ZIGBEE ???Why ZIGBEE ???
Reliable and Self HealingReliable and Self Healing Supports large number of nodesSupports large number of nodes Easy to deployEasy to deploy Very long battery lifeVery long battery life SecureSecure Low costLow cost Less channel access timesLess channel access times Can be used globallyCan be used globally
What is Zigbee?What is Zigbee?
Specification of protocols for small, low-power radios
Operates at 868.3MHz,902-928MHz,2.4-2.48MHz
Zigbee-Alliance Companies developing and promoting
the standard 150+ members
Silicon
PHY Layer
MAC Layer
LLC Layer
Network Layer
ZigbeeStack
Application
Application Interface
Application
Cu
stom
er Zig
bee A
llian
ce
IEE
E
Zigbee Stack
CC2420 CC2420 A Zigbee IC from Texas instruments that has both A Zigbee IC from Texas instruments that has both physical and MAC layerphysical and MAC layer
EasyBee Module
True single-chip 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4 compliant RF transceiver Low current consumption Programmable output power 128(RX) + 128(TX) byte data
buffering Hardware MAC encryption Battery monitor
Low Data Rate Radio Devices
TV VCR DVD CD Remote
Mouse Keyboard Joystick Gamepad
Security HVAC Lighting Closures
PETs Game boys Educational
Monitors Diagnostics Sensors
Industrial & Commercial
Consumer Electronics
Personal Healthcare
Monitors Sensors Automation Control
Toys &
Games
Home Automation
PC Peripherals
Zigbee –Application scenarios
Working Overview
RFID Tag by user
Enter Password
Check Password
Store in Memory
Data Above threshold
Transmit using Zigbee
Received th’ serial port
Update the database
Zigbee
Computer
RFID Module
Future WorkFuture Work
Uploading the RFID accumulated data Uploading the RFID accumulated data directly to the internet using an Ethernet directly to the internet using an Ethernet module (without a PC).module (without a PC).
Cost estimateCost estimate Cost per single node:Cost per single node: The bill of materials for a single stand alone node is: The bill of materials for a single stand alone node is:
(what we have designed and used)(what we have designed and used)
1. ATmega32L microcontroller 1. ATmega32L microcontroller -- Rs. 220Rs. 220 2. EasyBee CC2420 module2. EasyBee CC2420 module -- Rs. 1260Rs. 1260 3. PCB and Connectors3. PCB and Connectors - - Rs. 250Rs. 250 4. Discrete Components4. Discrete Components - - Rs. 120Rs. 120 5. RFID reader & antenna - Rs.16005. RFID reader & antenna - Rs.1600 Micro controller & other IC - Rs.140Micro controller & other IC - Rs.140 ------------------------------
Grand TotalGrand Total -- Rs. 3590Rs. 3590
Cost……Cost……
Initial cost may be high.Initial cost may be high. When manufactured in bulk say 1000 When manufactured in bulk say 1000
pieces the price would still reduce to about pieces the price would still reduce to about Rs 1600 and low.Rs 1600 and low.
Suitable to be installed in Suitable to be installed in schools ,libraries, colleges, private offices schools ,libraries, colleges, private offices etc.etc.
We have proposed a solution withWe have proposed a solution with
FlexibilityFlexibility ScalabilityScalability Ease of deploymentEase of deployment RetrofittingRetrofitting Reduced cost Reduced cost