Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceMultilateral Cooperative Research Program: Coastal Marine ScienceNational Coordinators Meeting , Melaka, Malaysia 19 – 20 May 2008
Project 3: Biodiversity in the Coastal Waters of Southeast and East Asia
Shuhei NishidaOcean Research Institute
University of Tokyo
Activity Report: Plankton Groupfrom 2006 to the present
Proposed topics and achievementwith our self-evaluation
1) Training course on methods of zooplankton ecology and identification
2) Manual for methods of zooplankton ecology and taxonomy with identificationkeys to higher taxa and species of selected groups
3) Species lists of copepods, mysids, chaetognaths, tunicates, and cnidarians
4) General field survey at selected sites on species diversity and communitystructure of zooplankton
5) Plankton watch: An extensive geographic survey on deformities, inter-sexualities, and parasitism in copepod- and mysid populations as an indicator of human impact (collaborative with Pollution Sub-project)
6) Trophic-structure diversity of coral-reef and mangrove communities: Acomparative study (collaborative with other Biodiversity Groups)
7) Biodiversity of plankton communities in the Sulu and Celebes Seas (collabo-rative with Hakuho-Maru Cruise)
Training Course on Methods of Zooplankton Ecology and Identification
Lectures (2 days)・What is plankton?—A general introduction・Methodology of zooplankton ecology・Introductions to
Crustacea, gelatinous plankton, other animal groupsPractices (4 days, including field sampling)・Sample processing and primary sorting・Identification of major taxonomic groups:
Copepoda, Chaetognatha, Mysidacea, Cnidaria, Tunicata,Demersal plankton
2006 (Nov. 20-25): Univresiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia2007 (Oct. 25-31): Research Institute for Biology, Indonesia2008 (Oct.): “Advanced course”, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Discovery of New Species(January 2006-May 2008)
A total of 12 scientific papers describing: 1 new genus and 14 new species
Mysids: 4 new speciesCopepods: 1 new genus, 7 new speciesAmphipods: 2 new speciesLeptostraca (Nebalia): 1 new species
Description of >> 10 species in progress
Publications(January 2006-May 2008)
> 40 scientific papers
・Description of new taxa: 12 papers
・Other taxonomic papers: 4 papers(new records, re-description, regional fauna)
・Distributional ecology, community, behavior: 22 papers
・Production and trophic ecology: 4 papers
・Molecular genetics: 1 paper
・Pollution, toxicology: 1 paper
Results from deep, marginal seasBiogeochemistry and Biodiversity in the Sulu Sea
Nishida & Gamo (eds.) 2007
11 papers1 summary1 physics3 geochemistry4 plankton2 benthos
CMarZ Goals and Approaches:
analyze zooplankton species diversity, biomass, biogeography, and genetic diversity by 2010, focusing on the ~7,000 described species of holozooplankton
DNA barcodes for identified zooplankton species
new sampling technologies and new analytical tools
database with species-level, specimen-based, geo-referenced entries; integrated with OBIS
education, professional training, and capacity-building in zooplankton taxonomy
Zooplankton Barcoding
ClausocalanoideaScolecitrichideaCentropagoideaMegacalanoideaEucalanoideaArietelloidea
A neighbour-joining tree of calanoid copepods based on mitochondialCOI gene sequence
Results to DateDNA Barcodes for Zooplankton
PhylumTaxon (Class or
Order)Species
DescribedBarcode Gene
No. Species(GenBank)
No.Species Source of Information
Foraminifera Foraminifera 49 18S rRNA 35 200 C. deVargasAcantharea 150 18S rRNA 14 GenBankPolycystinea (Radiolaria) 350 18S rRNA 27 GenBank
Cercozoa Phaeodarea (Radiolaria) 350 18S rRNA 3 GenBankAloricate Ciliata 150Tintinnida 300 18S RNA 52 B. CostasHydromedusae 842 COI 5 25 GenBankSiphonophora 160 COI 16 80 GenBank, S. Haddock, B. OrtmanCubomedusae 18 0 GenBankScyphomedusae 161 COI 10 15 GenBank, B. Ortman, others
Ctenophora Ctenophora 90 ITS 20 12 GenBank, B. OrtmanRotifera Rotifera 50? ??Platyhelminthes Platyhelminthes 3? COI 1 20 GenBank, M. LiviatisNematomorpha Nectonema 5 18S?Nemertea Nemertinea 99 COI 1 3 GenBank, R. JenningsAnnelida Polychaeta 110 COI 5 4 GenBank, R. Jennings
Gastropoda 144 COI 100 30 GenBank, R. JenningsCephalopoda 370 COI 86 5 GenBank, R. JenningsCladocera 8 COIOstracoda 169 COI 0 35 A. BucklinIsopoda 20 COI 0 14 S. BrixCopepoda 2000 COI 41 275 A. Bucklin, R. Machida, othersMysidacea 700 COI 4 GenBankAmphipoda 400 COI 15 50 GenBankEuphausiacea 86 COI 45 10 A. Bucklin, S. JarmanDecapoda 50 COI 75 100 GenBank, K. CrandallInsecta 5 COI 5 R. Jennings
Chaetognatha Chaetognatha 93 COI, COII 10 30 A. Pierrot-Bults, R. Machida, R. JenningsAppendicularia 64 COI 1 10 L. Madin, A. Bucklin, GenBankPyrosoma 8 18S rRNA 1 GenBank, WadaDoliolida 17 COI 1 GenBank, WadaSalpidae 45 COI 0 5 L. Madin, A. Bucklin
TOTALS 7,013 568 928
Mollusca
Arthropoda
Chordata
Actinopoda
Ciliophora
Cnidaria
2. Zooplankton community structure
Long term observation of zooplankton carried out in the Straits of Malacca since May 2002 onwards.
Observation will continue to obtain decadal samples.
100° 102° 104°
6°
4°
2°
Peninsular MalaysiaStraits o f Malacca
South China Sea
Stn. P
Long term research (LTR)
Seasonal variation of zooplankton community
2. Zooplankton community structure
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May
SW NE SW NE
2002 2003 2004
Abun
danc
e (in
ds. m
-3)
2. Zooplankton community structure
Dissimilarity indexSWSWNESWSWSWSWNESWSW
InterInterNE
InterSWNENENENE
InterNENENENE
Zooplankton community:SW and NE groups
Jellyfish fisheries Jellyfish fisheries in the north of Vietnamin the north of Vietnam
To knowTo know……••Target speciesTarget species••Fishing gearFishing gear••Processing methodProcessing method••Economic and Ecological aspectsEconomic and Ecological aspects
• PI: Nguyen Thi Thu (IMER) • Funded by: Vietnam Academy of Science and
Technology (VAST) • Years: 2006-2007• JSPS collaborator: Jun Nishikawa
A new bilateral research project“Biodiversity and Ecological Roles of
Medusae and Ctenophores inIndonesian Waters”
2008-2010
LIPI-JSPS
S. Ohtsuka and Mulyadi (Co-PIs)R. Machida, J, Nishikawa, S. Nishida,
J. Hiromi, D.J. Lindsay, Y. Miyakeand 3 Indonesian Scientists
Species search
・Photographic image・Taxonomic illustrationSpecies name
Sample details DNA sequence database&
link to blast search
Species database
Distribution
Time Schedule: 2008-2009
2006 2007 2008 2009
Identificationmanual
Publication
Training course Indonesia
Field sampling(Trophic structure)
Years
MS preparation
Malaysia
Pollution study Preliminary survey Sampling and analysis
Coral reef/mangrove/estuaries
Malaysia:advanced
course+
field research
CMarZ-Asia Database
Thank you
・JSPSーPlankton GroupIndonesia: Mulyadi, Inneke FM RumenganMalaysia: Fatimah MD Yusoff, Othman BH RossPhilippine: Lourdes V. Castillo, Wilfredo L. CamposThailand: Ajcharaporn PiumsomboonVietnam: Nguyen Thi Thu, Nguyen ChoJapan: S. Sawamoto, H. Sekiguchi, J. Nishikawa
T. Kikuchi, N. Iwasaki, T. Toda, S. Ohtsuka・Census of Marine Zooplankton (CMarZ)
A. Bucklin (Univ. Connecticut)R. Machida (Univ. Tokyo)D. Lindsay (JAMSTEC)