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15 - 17 Decembre 2015
Cairo, Egypt
Adaptation to Climate Change of Cereal Production Systems in North-Eastern Tunisia
N. Ben Mechlia, M. Masmoudi, M. Todorovic* & E. Nerilli
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TARGET AREA AND CROPS
Northern Tunisia,
Tunisia
(wheat, barley,
chickpea,
faba bean )
General Characteristics
Location North Eastern Tunisia
Main crops in the area
Cereals (102000 ha)
Legumes (13000 ha)
Other crops (184000 ha)
Annual rainfall 400-600 mm/year
Annual evapotranspiration
1100-1300 mm/year
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Environmental Characteristics
• Increasing Temperature • Decreasing rainfall • increasing soil degradation • Poor management practices
Directly Involved Actors
• Farmers • Engineers and technicians • Stakeholders
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Traditional cereal cultivation
and animal husbandry in the highlands
Large-scale mostly mechanized
cereal cultivation with fallow-land use in the dry farming system
North-Eastern Tunisia has two major agricultural systems:
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Indicator Value
Cereal Yield (q/ha) 23
Water productivity for cereals (Kg/m3) 0.6
Legumes Yield (q/ha) 8
Water productivity for legumes (Kg/m3) 0.2
Irrigated/rainfed cereals 10%
Legume area/cereal area 13%
Actual Agro-efficiency Performance
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Indicator Value
Cereal Yield (q/ha) 32
Water productivity for cereals (Kg/m3) 0.8
Legumes Yield (q/ha) 14
Water productivity for legumes (Kg/m3) 0.3
Irrigated/rainfed cereals 10%
Legume area/cereal area 25%
Target agro-efficiency Performance
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The expected direct outputs
• 1 demonstration field with agro-meteorological stations
• 2 years of testing (at least 8 combinations of genotypes and water management practices);
• 4 training courses and 100 trained;
• 10 field days with the participation of 200 local stakeholders;
• 2 years on-ground implementation of the best performing varieties and management practices in a surface area of at least 40 ha with the involvement of at least 20 farmers;
• 2 guidelines, 4 brochures, 1 seminars, 30 minutes of video material..
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improvements in crop production
Supplemental irrigation
Varieties
Cultural Practices
Factors to bring improvements in production:
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25 implementation farms
2 demonstration stations
Three years of field testing of 20 combinations of genotypes and management practices
Location of the implementation Farms, the demonstration site of INAT-Mornag and the newly created platform of Takelsa.
142 implementation plots
91 ha of Aclimas area
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21 field days with the participation of 588 local stakeholders
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5 training courses and 118 trained
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Analysis of field results
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Climatic deficit, P- ETc (mm) for durum wheat, Tunis
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Maximum temperature (°C), Tunis station
Heat stress during vegetative period during 2013/14
Heat stress during grain filling period during 2014/15
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0.0
0.5
1.0
durum wheat (kg/m3)
0
10
20
30
Actual ACLIMAS Target
durum wheat (q/ha)
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Contribution of production factors (in %) to yield improvement for durum wheat. Seed bed preparation, seeds quality and N management contribute by about 50% to yield improvement
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Performance assessment for durum wheat varieties
Yield (q/ha) obtained for 7 varieties used by Aclimas during the two growing seasons (2012-2014).
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ACLIMAS OUTPUTS:Durum wheat yield
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ACLIMAS OUTPUTS: Durum wheat water productivity
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ACLIMAS OUTPUTS: Durum wheat agronomy
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0
10
20
30
Actual ACLIMAS Target
bread wheat (q/ha)
0.0
0.5
1.0
bread wheat (kg/m3)
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ACLIMAS OUTPUTS: Bread wheat agronomy
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0
10
20
30
Actual ACLIMAS Target
faba bean (q/ha)
0.0
0.5
1.0
faba bean (kg/m3)
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ACLIMAS OUTPUTS: Legumes
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0.0
0.5
1.0
barley (kg/m3)
0
10
20
30
Actual ACLIMAS Target
barley (q/ha)
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0
10
20
30
Actual ACLIMAS Target
chick peas (q/ha)
0.0
0.5
1.0
chick peas (kg/m3)
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ACLIMAS Final workshop, Hammamet 7-9 December 2015 «Results of activities and contribution to the Water Scarcity Initiative »
50 participants debated the outputs of ACLIMAS & future plans for:
-developing brochures on adaptation to climate change and
- implementing crop growth monitoring systems in the cereal growing areas of Tunisia.
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Three working groups were organized:
G1. FAO-WSI: activities planning
G2. Plans for the Estimation and Monitoring of water productivity in the demonstration fields
G3. Farmers’ participation to the WSI activities
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Participants to ACLIMAS final workshop Hammamet, Tunisia, 7-9 Dec. 2015
Thank You