Download - Adapting the US Forest Inventory and Analysis program to Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands
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Adapting the US Forest Inventory and Analysis program to Puerto
Rico and the US Virgin Islands
Challenges and Lessons Learned
Thomas J. BrandeisUSDA Forest ServiceSouthern Research Station
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FIA, Challenges and Lessons Learned
What is FIA?– History
Challenges and Lessons– Sampling design– Data collection– Coordination and
Logistics– Data processing
Big picture
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National FIA Mission Statement
“To improve the understanding and management of our Nation’s forests by maintaining a comprehensive inventory of the status and trends of the country’s diverse forest ecosystems, their use, and their health.”
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What does FIA do?
Answer these questions - How much forest exists and
where is it? What type of forest is it and
what does it hold? How is the forest’s health? Who owns it? How is it changing?
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What doesn’t FIA do?
Not used as a basis for taxation records
Plot locations are not shared with any other government agency
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Who wants the FIA survey information?
Land use planners Urban planners Decision makers from local
and provincial governments Forest resource managers Environmental action groups Businesses that use
resources from the forest General public
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How does FIA provide these answers?
Forest inventories– resource bulletins– public data access
Timber product output studies– TPO publications
Forest health monitoring– resource bulletins– special publications
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FIA’s goals in Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands
Implement forest surveys tailored to the island’s unique tropical forests
Establish a forest health monitoring network Sponsor R&D into improving island forest
inventory and monitoring Get information about the islands’ forests to the
public
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History of Caribbean FIA work
Puerto Rico surveyed 1980 and 1990 by FIA with IITF assistance– Well planned and executed, but limited scope– Resource bulletins and publications
Intensifications in Toro Negro, Las Marias watershed
Planned on 1990 USVI, but never implemented Forest inventory of St. Vincent
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Previous Caribbean FIA Objectives and Strategies
“Assess the timber-production potential of the island’s forest resources”
Limited to potentially “productive” forest land “Traditional” forest inventory data collected Analysis focused on:
– Island-wide forest area trends– Forest composition and BA distribution– Timber volume
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Setting in 2000
New national system– 5 year cycle– Include forest health– All forests
PR and the USVIs FIA (Knoxville) and IITF
(San Juan) PRCF partner
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Challenges – Sampling DesignChallenges – Sampling Design
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Challenge - Sampling Design
Systematic sampling Adapting old grid to new grid Loss of old plots unavoidable Larger, more diverse sample area Needed flexibility to expand, intensify Statistically solid and unbiased Panels, how much each year?
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50 0 50 100 Miles
80 0 80 160 Kilometers
FIA in the Caribbean
Isla Mona
Puerto Rico
Vieques
Culebra
St. Croix
St. Thomas
St. John
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Supplemental inventories
San Juan Bay Estuary Watershed Urban Forest Inventory
– 109 points
Northern Karst Belt– 94 points
44 forested 26 non-forested Non-access, 10 hazard, 13 camping, 1
denied
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40 0 40 80 Kilometers
30 0 30 60 Miles
$T Upper montane forest intensification(X Dry forest intensification&V Serpentine intensification(X Urban forest inventoryx{ Karst inventory
PR Supplemental Inventory plots
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USVI and outlying PR island plots
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Caribbean FIA Timeline
Mainland Puerto Rico (2001-2003)– All forest health monitoring plots done in 2001– Even-numbered forest inventory plots in 2002– Odd-numbered P2 plots in 2003
US Virgin Islands and outlying Puerto Rican islands (2004)– All plots on St. Croix, St. Thomas and St. John– All plots on Vieques and Culebra
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Lessons Learned: Design
Systematic grid has worked well
Loss of old plots painful, but unavoidable
Intensification seems to be working for our needs
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Challenges – ImplementationChallenges – Implementation
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Challenge: Data Collection
Will the FIA national plot design work in the tropics?
What to monitor in forest health?
All new species and forest type codes
All in metric
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FIA Plot Layout
Subplot 7.3 m (24.0 ft) radius
Microplot 2.1 m (6.8 ft) radius
Annular plot 17.9 m (58.9 ft) radius
Vegetation plot 1.0 m2 area
Soil sampling area 27.4 m (90 ft) from subplot #1
DWD transect 18.3 m (60.0 ft) transects
#1
#2
#3#4
36.5 m (120 ft) between subplot centers
Azimuth #1 - #2: 360°
Azimuth #1 - #3: 120°
Azimuth #1 - #4: 240°
Microplots 3.6 m (12 ft) from subplot centers at 90° azimuth
DWD transects at 30°, 150° and 270°azimuths
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Challenge - Data Collection
Plot data– location mapped– physiography, condition classes
Subplot data – Trees with DBH > 12.5 cm– locations mapped– DBH, height and damage – crown class and ratio
Microplot data– Saplings DBH < 2.5 cm– Seedlings with height > 30 cm
identified and counted
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Challenge - Data Collection
Forest Health Down woody debris
and fuels Soil measurements
and sampling Crown condition
classification Vegetation structure
and diversity pilot
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Lesson Learned - Data Collection
Plot design has worked well– Difficult in very steep terrain
Forest health monitoring appears successful New coding has been difficult to organize
– Species list and synonyms– Physiographic codes not performing well– Forest types still obsolete
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Lesson Learned - Data Collection
Where and When– Work in mountains or
karst first during dry season
– Work in dry south coast during rainier season
Get your GPS straight from the start
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Challenge - Coordination and Logistics
Hire 2-5 field technicians on 6-month contracts and one data entry technician
Work with 2-3 SRS timber cruisers part of each year
Work on intensification plots the rest of year SRS training and supervision SRS data compilation, analysis and reporting
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Challenge - Coordination and Logistics
Vehicles Accommodations and budget Communications (cell phones) Responding to problems Getting data and samples back to office Pay and travel coordination Public relations
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Lessons Learned - Coordination and Logistics
Mixed crews only a short-term fix
Field crew from one location best
Supervision from Knoxville okay so far,
Office people must understand field working conditions
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Lessons Learned: Coordination and Logistics
Dedicated vehicles with maintenance plan
Very clear work and travel rules
Cell phones for everyone
Public relations efforts paid off
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Challenges – Data ProcessingChallenges – Data Processing
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Challenges - Data Processing
Normally done differently by FIA Data handling and entry (paper or
electrons?) Editing (logic and error checks) Compilation Final products, questions, answers All must be thought out
beforehand
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Lessons Learned - Data Processing
Don’t underestimate this part! Key to future sustainability Consider PDR, but not necessary Skilled personnel in office Early decisions have large impact later on Have it all sorted out before measuring a single
tree
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Big picture
Long term commitments Institutional memory Regional cooperation and international
compatibility Complement other efforts
– gain detail otherwise lacking– gain scaling up to landscape level
Collaborations
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Thank you – Muchas GraciasThank you – Muchas Gracias
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Contact information
Thomas J. Brandeis
Research Forester
Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service
4700 Old Kingston Pike
Knoxville, TN 37919
(865) 862-2030, (865) 862-0262 fax