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Adjectives and Adverbs Chapter 16
p. 334
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An adjective is used to describe a noun and a pronoun.
What kind? new car striped tie
Which one? this swan every page
How many? one hamburger many geese
How much? no food little rain
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To modify means to change slightly
Think of the word house.Change it slightly:small houselarge wooden houseold white colonial housegrey house
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Identifying the adjectives and modifiers
She saw a bright, smiling face.
The room, narrow and dark, frightened us.
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More examples identifying
They are happy and talkative.
Quiet and sullen, he sat in the corner.
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Exercise 1 p. 337
1. Ducks, geese, and swans are aquatic birds.
On your paper put this as answer: aquatic birds
2. All waterfowl3. These birds webbed feet4-10 on your own
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Articles- A, An, The
Definite article the refers to a specific person, place, or thing.
Indefinite article a and an are not specific person, place, or thing.
Use an before a vowel sound
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Exercise 2 p. 339
You must write out the sentences!1. __I__ lake is __I__ ideal place for swans to live.
2. __D__ water must not be too deep. 3-10 on your own
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Nouns as adjectives
nouns Used as adjectives
Shoe Shoe salesperson
Waterfowl The waterfowl refuge
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Identify all adjectives.
The basketball player has three fouls.A police officer made difficult decision.Army wives worry all the time.The Kleenex box has soft tissues.Many students will go to the skate center.James went home to play video games.
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Exercise 3 p. 340
1. waterfowl (family)2. winter (season)3. wedge (formation)4-10 on own
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Rest of the hour
Finish exercise 1-3
Not homework- bring back with you tomorrow! do not lose it
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New material
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Proper Adjectives
Proper Adjective begins with a capital letter.
Proper Adjective is a proper noun being used as an adjective.
Proper Adjective is formed from a proper noun.
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Proper Adjective examples
Proper Noun Used as a proper adjective
Truman the Truman library (which library)
Florida Florida wetlands (what kind of wetlands)
December December weather (what kind of weather)
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Exercise 4 p. 341
Example: An Austrian tourist watched the geese in flight.
Austrian (tourist)1. Snow geese live in the Arctic region
surrounding the North Pole.Arctic (region)
2-5 on your own
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Compound Adjectives
Compound adjectives are made up of more than one word.
** most of the time they are written as hyphenated words or combined words.
Hyphenated Combined
A well-known actress
A featherweight boxer
A full-time job A freshwater lake
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Exercise 5 p. 342
Example: After the accident, the oil-covered highway slowed traffic for hours.
oil-covered (highway)
1. Ducks, geese, and swans are web-footed birds that come in all sizes, shapes, and colors.
web-footed (birds)2-10 on your own
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Yesterday’s Assignment:
Finish yesterday’s assignment exercises 1-3.Today’s assignment is exercises 4-5.Worksheets 16.1
All Work Due on Friday
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New material
Listen Up and Pay attention
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Nouns and pronouns as adjectives
A noun or pronoun is used as an adjective if it modifies a noun.
The duck pond sometimes freezes in winter.We see the duckling on this side of the pond.Which ducks are the males?
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Possessive nouns and pronouns as adjectives.
Personal pronouns are often called possessive adjectives: my, your, his, her, its, our, and their.
They are adjectives because they answer the question Which one?
They are pronouns because they have antecedents.
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What is an antecedent?
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Pronouns
A word that takes the place of a noun or group of words acting as a noun.
he
she
we
they
them
him
her
this
which
you
mine
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Antecedent
Is the noun (or group of words acting as a noun) for which a pronoun stands.
Antecedent
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What does that mean?Antecedents- weird word
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Antecedents With pronouns: The firefighters described how they did their jobs.
If we didn’t have pronouns this would
be the sentence…
Without pronouns: The firefighters described how the firefighters did the firefighters’ jobs.
When you use a pronoun, you are writing a sentence to avoid repeating the nouns throughout the sentence.
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Exercise 6 p. 344
Possessive adjective Noun modified
Antecedent
Ex. its tail puppy
1. their exploration Europeans
2. his diary Columbus
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Demonstrative adjectives
Demonstrative pronouns can be used as adjective: this, that, these, and those
We saw that.That lake is home to many geese.What are these?These gulls are searching for food.
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Exercise 7 p. 345
Ex. I learned that last year. that (pronoun)Ex. I did well on that test. that (adj.) test
1. those (pronoun)2. these (adj.) gulls
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Interrogative adjectives
Interrogative pronouns can be adjectives. which, what, and whose
Which do you think he will choose?Which parrot do you think he will buy?Whose can that be?Whose macaw can that be?
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Exercise 8 p. 346
Ex. What do you want? What (pronoun)Ex. What words can she speak? What (words)
1. Which (pronoun)2. What (tips)
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Section Review p. 347 9-12
Ex. 9 write the adjective and draw an arrow to the noun it modifies
Ex. 10 write out the sentencesEx. 11 write the adjective and the noun it
modifiesEx. 12 same as 11
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Thursday’s assignment
Finish exercises 1-8 and WS from yesterday Section Review 9-12 All worksheets and bookwork due tomorrow by the end of the hour Complex WS due on MONDAY Vocab test tomorrow
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Adverbs
Adverbs can modify 3 parts of speech.◦Verb, adjective or another adverb
Answers four questions◦Where? When? In What way? To what extent?
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Adverbs
Where? Push upwardFell thereTravels everywhereGo outside
When? Arrived yesterdayComes dailySwims oftenExhibits yearly
In what way? Works carefullySpeaks wellChews noisilyActed willingly
To what extent? Hardly ateReally surprisedAlmost criedPartly finished
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Exercise 16 p. 348
1. One of California’s main attractions is the coastline, which stretches continuously along the western border of the state.
Continuously- In what way?2-5 on your own
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Adverbs modify adjectives
To what extent?
Very upsetDefinitely wrongExtremely tallNot hungry
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Exercise 17 p. 349
1. California’s central valley has soil abundantly rich in nutrients.
2. The state’s warm weather allows for an unusually long growing season.
3. Farmers are able to grow many different kinds of fruits and vegetables.
1. abundantly (rich)2. unusually (long)3. many (different)
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Tuesday’s assignment
Exercise 16 and 17 WS 16.2 (due
Thursday)
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Adverbs modifying other adverbs
To what extent?
moved very quicklynot completely wrong
climbed almost overonly just recognizable
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Exercise 18 p. 350
1. Many animals have adapted quite successfully to life in the California desert.
2. The grizzly bear almost entirely disappeared from the state in the 1920’s.
3. Cougars and bobcats too greatly populate the foothills and woodlands.
1. quite (successfully)2. almost (entirely)3. too (greatly)
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Finding adverbs
Location Example
At beginning Silently, she approached the ocean.
At end She approached the ocean silently.
Before a verb She silently approached the ocean.
After a verb She tiptoed silently into the ocean.
Between verb phrase
She had silently entered the ocean.
Before an adj.
Her father was always quiet.
Before an adv.
Her father spoke rather quietly.
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Exercise 19 p. 351
1. Trees have been effectively used for many things.
Trees have been effectively used for many things.
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Exercise 20 p. 353
1. Some fruit trees bloom earlier than others.
Adverb2. Usually, the blossoms don’t last long. Adverb3. Sharing the fruit from one’s trees is a
neighborly gesture. Adjective
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Exercise 21 and 22 p. 353
Exercise 211. dailyWe get a daily newspaper. (adj.)It arrives at 7 am daily. (adv.)
Exercise 22The trees reach into the sky.The large oak trees reach high into the
sky.
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Wednesday’s Assignment
Finish Tuesday’s work 16 and 17WS 16.2 (due tomorrow)
Exercises 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
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Thursday’s assignment
Finish any of the adverb exercises 16-22Section Review p. 355 23-25All book work due Tuesday.