Transcript
Page 1: Adjustment The Challenge of the Workplace Finding a Career Women Career Development
Page 2: Adjustment The Challenge of the Workplace Finding a Career Women Career Development

Adjustment

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Finding a Career

WomenWomen

Career Career DevelopmentDevelopment

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Career DevelopmentCareer Development

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Motives for WorkingMotives for Working

• Extrinsic Motives: Motives involving pursuit of external rewards, such as money or approval.

• Intrinsic Motives: Motives involving pursuit of internal goals, such as self-satisfaction.

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Intrinsic Reasons for Working:Intrinsic Reasons for Working:

• The work ethic

• Self-identity

• Self-fulfillment

• Self-worth

• Social values of work

• Social Roles

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Stages of Career DevelopmentStages of Career Development

• Fantasy

• Tentative choice

• Realistic choice

• Maintenance

• Career change

• Retirement

• Goal: Maintain flexibility

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Writing a ResumeWriting a Resume

• While standards for resumes have changed, some things have always been the same: be neat and be serious. Show that you are right for the job and don’t use the same resume for every position.

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Writing a ResumeWriting a Resume• Consider the following parts for your

resume:

• Heading• Statement of your job objective• Summary of your educational background.• Summary of your work experience.• Personal Information• List of references

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Wowing the InterviewerWowing the Interviewer

• First impressions and neatness count.• Avoid perfume and cologne• Maintain direct eye contact• Look alert, cooperative and friendly• Anticipate the questions and prepare

responses• Be patient, allow the interviewer to give

information

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Developmental TasksDevelopmental Tasks

• There are a number of developmental tasks that we undertake when we begin working. Some of these include:

• Transitioning from school to work• Accepting responsibility for your job• Accepting subordinate status• Getting along with coworkers• Finding a mentor• Learning to cope with daily job hassles

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Adjustment in the Adjustment in the WorkplaceWorkplace

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Job SatisfactionJob Satisfaction

• Job Satisfaction: The degree to which workers have positive feelings toward their jobs.

• A Gallup survey found that most workers are somewhat or completely satisfied with jobs.

• 40% of Americans view themselves as workaholics. 56% call themselves “solid performers.” However, fewer than 40% are satisfied with their pay.

• Thus, Americans often see themselves as hardworking, stressed, underpaid and underappreciated.

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Job SatisfactionJob Satisfaction

• Job satisfaction is associated with such factors as opportunity to engage in interesting work, degree of control over work, availability of child-care facilities, and income and fringe benefits.

• Job satisfaction tends to increase with age and income.

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Job Satisfaction and AgeJob Satisfaction and Age

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Job Satisfaction and IncomeJob Satisfaction and Income

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What Determines Job Satisfaction?What Determines Job Satisfaction?

• Job satisfaction depends on a variety of factors such as opportunities to garner intrinsic rewards (such as a sense of accomplishment from performing a job well) and extrinsic rewards (such as high salary, bonuses, professional recognition and awards).

• However, job satisfaction also depends upon the qualities that the worker brings to the job, such as personal traits and attributional style.

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Job Aspects and SatisfactionJob Aspects and Satisfaction

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Enhancing Job SatisfactionEnhancing Job Satisfaction

• Increased job satisfaction is associated with lower employee turnover and absenteeism. Employers use several methods to both increase productivity and job satisfaction

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Enhancing Job SatisfactionEnhancing Job Satisfaction

• Methods of increasing satisfaction and productivity:

• Improved recruitment and placement• Training and instruction• Unbiased appraisal of performance• Goal setting• Financial compensation• Work redesign (quality circles)• Work schedules with flextime• Integration of new technology

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Work and StressWork and Stress

• Many factors make work stressful.

• High levels of work stress are associated with increased physical symptoms.

• Organizational stressors include lack of opportunity to participate in decision making, ambiguous policies, low pay and sexism.

• Stress at work also spills over at home, and vice versa.

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Work and Work and StressStress

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Coping with Job StressCoping with Job Stress

• Begin with an objective analysis of the workplace to determine if physical conditions help or hinder the quality of life.

• Provide better matches between employees and positions.

• Provide social support for employees.

• Help employees manage stress.

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BurnoutBurnout• Burnout: A state of mental and physical

exhaustion brought on by overcommitment to work or other responsibilities.

• Warning signs of burnout include: loss of energy, irritability or short temper, stress-related problems such as depression, difficulty concentrating, loss of motivation, lack of satisfaction or feelings of achievement at work, loss of concern about work in someone who has previously committed, feeling that one has nothing left to give.

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Preventing BurnoutPreventing Burnout

• Establish your priorities• Set reasonable goals• Take things one day at a time• Set limits• Share your feelings• Build supportive relationships• Do things you enjoy• Take time for yourself• Don’t skip vacations• Be attuned to your health

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Women in the WorkplaceWomen in the Workplace

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Why Do Women Work?Why Do Women Work?

• Women, like men, work to support their families.

• According to a recent poll, wives share about equally with their husbands in supporting their families. Nearly half provide 50% of the family income.

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Who does the work?Who does the work?

Even when

moms work,

who does the

household

chores?

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Earnings GapEarnings Gap• Women still only earn about ¾ of what men

do.

• Why is there a gap?

• Though discrimination plays a role, men tend to gravitate towards higher paying specialties and higher paying academic fields.

• While the gap is narrowing, some sexist attitudes still linger.

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Reducing the Earnings GapReducing the Earnings Gap

• Encourage more realistic career planning• Provide employers with accurate information

about women in the workplace• Heighten awareness of the importance of the

woman’s career in dual-career marriages• Maintain employment continuity and stability• Increase job flexibility and provide child care

facilities• Recruit qualified women into training programs

and jobs

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Sexual HarassmentSexual Harassment

• Sexual harassment is one of the common and troubling adjustment problems that women-and sometimes men-face in the workplace.

• Sexual harassment is behavior that consists of deliberate or repeated unsolicited verbal comments, gestures, or physical contact of a sexual nature that is not wanted by the recipient.

• Sexual harassment has more to do with aggressiveness and the abuse of power than with sexual desire.

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Resisting Sexual HarassmentResisting Sexual Harassment

• Convey a professional attitude• Discourage harassing behavior, and

encourage appropriate behavior• Avoid being alone with the harasser• Keep a record• Talk with the harasser• Write a letter to the harasser• Seek support• File a complaint• Seek legal remedies

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Finding a Career that FitsFinding a Career that Fits

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Finding a Career that FitsFinding a Career that Fits

• The work we do is important to us, thus we want to find the correct fit.

• Methods of determining fit include occupational assessments such as the Holland’s Vocational Preference Inventory.

• Balance sheets are another helpful method in making personal decisions, such as a career choice.

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Finding Your Dream JobFinding Your Dream Job

• London-Vargas suggests asking yourself the following questions to determine whether your present (or future) position meets both your professional and personal needs:

• Is the job associated with your interests and passions in life?

• Will the job help you pursue your dreams?• Are you passionate about your work?• Did you seek out the job, or did you just happen to fall

into it?• Does your work make you feel like you’ve accomplished

a job well done? Or do you leave work feeling unfulfilled and depressed?

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To the Instructor:To the Instructor:

• The preceding slides are intended to provide you a base upon which to build your presentation for Chapter 15 of Nevid’s Psychology and the Challenges of Life.

• For further student and instructor resources including images from the textbook, quizzes, flashcard activities and e-Grade plus, please visit our website: www.wiley.com/college/nevid

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CopyrightCopyright

Copyright 2004 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, NY. All rights reserved. No part of the material protected by this copyright may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission of the copyright owner.


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