ADVANCE DRIVINGSAFETY SEMINAR
COURSE OBJECTIVE
Improve driving skills in an effort to avoid accidents, prevent injuries, save lives and reduce property damage.
WHY DO TRAFFICCOLLISIONS HAPPEN?
1. INATTENTION
2. NOT ENOUGH TIME
3. NOT ENOUGH SPACE
4. NOT ALLOWING FOR THE MISTAKES OF OTHER DRIVERS
5. NOT ENOUGH TRAINING
6. FAILURE TO ADJUST FOR CONDITIONS
7. ATTITUDE
8. DRIVER IMPAIRMENT
9. VEHICLE FAILURE
What do these “Common Causes”tend to have in common?
Study after study shows that human error
Causes 90 to 95 percent of all traffic accidents
HUMAN ERROR
PART I
IF YOU1. AIM HIGH IN STEERING2. GET THE BIG PICTURE3. KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING4. LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT5. MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU
YOU OBTAIN
SPACE FOR YOUR VEHICLE
IMPROVED VISIBILITY
TIME TO MAKE DECISIONS
AIM HIGH IN STEERING
We’re used to driving at HIGHWAY SPEEDS (55-70mph) but our brains are designed to process information at the speed we WALK (3 TO 4 MPH)!
Consider this…
AIM HIGH IN STEERING
Consider this…
We’ve got to train our brains to•See Ahead
•Think Ahead•Plan Ahead
AIM HIGH IN STEERING
15 SECONDEYE LEAD TIME
6 SECOND EYELEAD TIME
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X
AIM HIGH IN STEERING
Central Concept
Maintain at least a
15 second eye lead
time
GET THE BIG PICTURE
• GLANCE OFTEN TO EACH SIDE• CHECK YOUR MIRRORS OFTEN
IMPORTANT• ESTABLISH PROPER FOLLOWING DISTANCE
A proper following distance Allows you adequateStopping room AND
Increase your visibility.
GET THE BIG PICTURE
THEY CAN ALL BE VISION BARRIERS
GET THE BIG PICTURE
4 SECOND FOLLOWING DISTANCE
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1. You have room to stop if the vehicle you’re following makes a panic stop.
2. You have room to see over and around most any vehicle, regardless how large.
GET THE BIG PICTURE
Central Concept
Maintain at least a 4 second following distance.
KEEP YOUR EYES MOVINGPeripheral vision averages180 degrees BUT is not in sharp focus
Central Cone vision is seenclearly but is only about 3DEGREES!
KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING
• Scan with Central Vision to increase your Peripheral Vision
• Use Quick Glances, no longer than 2 seconds
KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING
IN THE NEXT 15 SECONDS THERE MAY BE UP TO 50 OBJECTS AVAILABLE FOR VIEWING
DRIVER 1 DRIVER 2 POSSIBLENON-RELEVANT OBJECTS 20 39 40RELEVANT OBJECTS 6 9 10
KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING
Central Concept
Avoid the fixed or
blank stare
LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT
Your “out” is your space cushion
which works as a buffer zone
Against conflict.
Without that “out” you are often
At the mercy of those around you.
LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT
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LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT
Central Concept
Maintain a spacecushion to the
Front and one side
MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU
OBTAIN EYE CONTACT
MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU
To obtain eye contact:
• Horn• Headlights
• Brake lights
Use sparingly. The goal is to gainattention not to frighten others.
MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU
Central Concept
Avoid a problem with eye contact and/or warning
devices
IF YOU
AIM HIGH IN STEERING
GET THE BIG PICTURE
KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING
LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT
MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU
YOU OBTAIN
• SPACE FOR YOUR VEHICLE
• IMPROVED VISIBILITY
• TIME TO MAKE DECISIONS
PART II
WHY DO BACKINGACCIDENTS HAPPEN?
• BACKING UNNECESSARILY• BLIND AREAS• VEHICLE DESIGN• INFREQUENT BACKING PRACTICE• INADEQUATE MENTAL PREPARATION FOR
BACKING• INADEQUATE INFORMATION DURING
BACKING
AIM HIGH IN STEERING
LOOKTHINKPLAN AHEAD
FOR ALTERNATIVES IN BACKING
WHEN INDOUBT GETOUT E
T
AND TAKE A LOOK H
E
AT THE BLIND AREAS I G
FOR YOUR PROTECTION
I C T U R E
KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING
IN 4 SECONDS
AT 3 MPH 18 FEET
AT 15 MPH 88 FEET
MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU
PART III
THE COST OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE
SINCE THE TURN OF THE CENTURY, 1,250,000 PEOPLE HAVE DIED
ALMOST EVERYTHING YOU BUY IS MORE EXPENSIVE
CITY, STATE AND LOCAL TAXES ARE HIGHER
MEDICAL INSURANCE COSTS MORE
VEHICLE INSURANCE IS RAISED
VEHICLE COSTS CLIMB
WE ALL LOSE
STIMULANTS• INGREDIENTS OF SOME NASALSPRAYS
• TOBACCO (A VERY MILD STIMULANT
• CERTAIN DIET PILLS
• AMPHETAMINES
• CAFFEINE
• COCAINE
THE EFFECTS:
• CAUSE HEADACHES
• STIMULATE THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
• CREATE A FEELING OF ALERTNESS
• INCREASE BREATHING & HEART RATE
• AS THEY WEAR OFF, THEY CAN CAUSE SEVERE LETDOWNS OR CRASHES
DEPRESSANTS
THE EFFECTS:
• SLOW REACTIONS
• WEAR OFF SLOWLY
• AFFECT JUDGEMENT
• CAUSE DROWSINESS
• CHANGE PERCEPTIONS
• DIMINISH COORDINATION AND BRAIN ACTIVITY
• ALCOHOL
• BARBITURATES
• TRANQUILIZERS
• PAIN RELIEVERS
• ANTIHISTAMINES
• SOME COLD REMEDIES
NARCOTICS AND HALLUCINOGENS
THE EFFECTS:• AFFECT THE THOUGHT PROCESS• CAUSE HALLUCINATONS• INHIBIT NORMAL MEMORY
FUNCTION• DIMINISH COORDINATION• DECREASED REACTION TIME• DISTORT ALL SENSES• AFFECT THE DECISION MAKING
PROCESS
• LSD• PCP• HEROIN• MORPHINE• MARIJUANA
REACTIONS TO ALCOHOL
• INCREASED REACTION TIME• DISTANCE BECOMES HARDER TO JUDGE• BALANCE IS AFFECTED• DROWSINESS AND INATTENTION ARE INCREASED• JUDGEMENT IS IMPAIRED• SENSORY PERCEPTION IS DISTORTED
THE EFFECTS OF BAC
.04% BAC: REACTION TIME IS INCREASED
.05% BAC: VISION, COORDINATION, ATTENTION DIMINISH
.08% BAC: ALL DRIVING SKILLS ARE AFFECTED
BAC CHARTS AND GRAPHS HAVELIMITED VALUE BECAUSE:
.16
.12
.08
.04
• PEOPLE METABOLIZE ALCOHOL AT DIFFERENT RATES• ALCOHOL AFFECTS DIFFERENT PEOPLE IN DIFFERENT WAYS• THE AMOUNT OF ALCOHOL IN MIXED DRINKS VARIES CONSIDERABLY• PEOPLE DON’T OFTEN KNOW WHEN THEY STARTED DRINKING OR HOW
MUCH THEY HAVE CONSUMED
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VIOLATION PENALTIES
JAIL OR PRISON TIME
LARGE FINES
LICENSE REVOCATIONS
CANCELLED INSURANCE
LOST JOBS
WHERE ARE THEY ?PERCENT CHANCE OF DRIVER HAVING BAC
EQUAL TO OR GREATER THAN .10
SOURCE: US
DEPARTMENT OF
TRANSPORTATION
PROBABILITIES
RELATED TO
NIGHT TIME
DRIVERS
TURNING WITH WIDE RADIUS……………………..........................65%
STRADDLING CENTER OR LANE MARKER……..........................65%
APPEARNG TO BE DRUNK……………………………………..…….60%
ALMOST STRIKING AN OBJECT OR VEHICLE….........................60%
WEAVING……………………………………………........................…60%
NOT DRIVING ON DESIGNATED ROADWAY………………….…..55%
SWERVING……………………………………….......................……...55%
SLOW SPEED(MORE THAN 10MPH BELOW LIMIT)……………...50%
STOPPING WITHOUT CAUSE IN TRAFFIC……………………..….50%
FOLLOWING TOO CLOSLEY…………………………………………50%
DRIFTING…………………………………………………………………50%
BRAKING ERRATICALLY……………………………………………..45%
DRIVING INTO OPPOSING OR CROSS TRAFFIC…………………45%
SIGNALLING INCONSISTENT WITH DRIVING ACTIONS………..40%
SLOW RESPONSE TO TRAFFIC SIGNALS………………………...40%
STOPPING INAPPROPRIATELY(OTHER THAN IN LANE)…..…..35%
TURNING ABRUPTLY OR ILLEGALLY……………………………...35%
ACCELERATING OR DECELERATING RAPIDLY………………....30%
HEADLIGHTS OFF………………………………………………………30%
PART IV
WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT THEM?
• ARE THEY UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL OR ANOTHER DRUG?
• ARE THEY EXTREMELY FATIGUED?• ARE THEY ANGRY? FRUSTRATED? MATURE?• IS THEIR VEHICLE SAFE?• ARE THEY EXPERIENCED AS DRIVERS?• ARE THEY COMPETENT BEHIND THE WHEEL?
DON’T FORGET YOUR KEYS
AIM HIGH IN STEERING
GET THE BIG PICTURE
KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING
LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT
MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU
PART V
SEAT BELTS
THERE WILL BE ABOUT 30,000 COLLISIONS TODAY
ABOUT 50,000 PEOPLE WILL BE INVOLVED
IF YOU WERE ONE OF THESE PEOPLE,
WOULD YOU BE WEARING A SEAT BELT?
MOST COMMON REASONSFOR NOT USING SEATBELTS
REASON 1: “I’M MORE LIKELY TO SURVIVE THE
ACCIDENT IF I’M THROWN FROM THE VEHICLE”
REASON 2: “SEAT BELTS ARE UNCOMFORTABLE.”
REASON 3: “DURING HIGH SPEED TRAVEL, I USE BELTS. ON
SHORT TRIPS OR WHEN I AM DRIVING SLOWLY. I DON’T THINK
I NEED THEM.”
REASON 4: “SEAT BELTS MAY TRAP ME IN A VEHICLE.”
MOST COMMON REASONSFOR NOT USING SEATBELTS
REASON 5: “I HAVE DRIVEN FOR OVER THIRTY YEARS AND
HAVE YET TO HAVE AN ACCIDENT. SEAT BELTS HAVE NEVER
SAVED ME BEFORE, SO WHAT’S CHANGED?”
REASON 6: “I RESENT LAWS THAT TELL ME THAT I HAVE TO
WEAR MY SEAT BELT. I THINK I CAN DECIDE EHAT IS BEST
FOR ME AND I DON’T WANT TO WEAR MY BELT.”
REASON 7: “I GET IN AND OUT OF MY VEHICLE ALL DAY. IF I
TAKE THE TIME TO BUCKLE AND UNBUCKLE THAT MANY
TIMES, IT WILL PUT ME BEHIND SCHEDULE.”
THE MOST COMMON COLLISION
DO
YOU
KNOW?
1. The first plan of attack is to try not to back
2. For your vehicle’s survival, plan for your departure upon your arrival
3. The closest space isn’t always the best space
4. Know what’s near before you put it in gear
5. Keep scanning as you roll, or a sudden change may take its toll.
6. Back slowly. Take your time, prepare to stop on a dime.
7. To know where danger hides, don’t forget the front or the sides
8. Find a place with plenty of space
9. Don’t leave it to trust, back no further than you must.
10. Control your fate, communicate.