Download - Affordable Membrane Quality Effluent
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Integrated Membrane Fixed-Film Activated
Sludge (IMFAS): Affordable Membrane Quality Effluent
Sarah Hubbell – Entex TechnologiesJeff Devine – Ashbrook Simon Hartley
Andrew Shuler – U. of New MexicoClaudia Gunsch – Duke University
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Sneak Preview
• MBR = Expensive• Sustainable membrane treatment• Benefits of IFAS• Pilot testing at N. Durham• Positive Conclusions
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MBR Advantages
• High Quality Effluent• Small Footprint
MBR Disadvantages
• High Capital Cost• High energy requirements• High maintenance costs
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Standard MBR Process
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Process Flow
Wastewaterinlet
Membrane
High rateclarifier
MembranefeedA
naero
bic zo
ne
Aero
bic d
igeste
r
An
oxic zo
ne
Aero
bic zo
ne
6 mmscreen
Permeate
Permeatestorage
Backflush
Backwash Waste
NaOCl
RAS WAS
Reuse
High ratebiological process
NO3 recycle
Alternative: Integrated Membrane Activated Sludge
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Integrated Fixed-Film/Activated Sludge
Increases Effective Biomass
Upgrades without new real estate and tanks
For BOD – Ammonia – Total N
Does not increase clarifier solids loading
BioWeb - New York City - 1996
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IFAS Benefits
Improves Operation
Improves system stability
Resists toxic and hydraulic shock loads
Better solids settling – lower SVI’s
Reduced Sludge Production
BioWeb
Greensboro, NC - 1997
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Integrated Membrane Fixed-film Activated Sludge (IMFAS)
• Minimizes membrane area 20 gpf/ft2 ADF – 40 peak
• 6 mm single set of pre-screens vs. 1 - 2 mm dual screening
• Energy Savings vs MBR no air scour blower
less process air required due to better O2 transfer
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Prescreening Requirements
• MBR: Fine 0.5 mm – 2 mm screens
• IMAS: Standard 6 mm screens
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Footprint
• MBR: Aggressive bioreactor HRT
• IMFAS: Higher rate bioreactor & clarifier than conventional
activated sludge
• Bioreactor footprints are similar
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Fouling = Maintainence
• MBR: High MLSS = high fouling
• IMFAS: Clarified effluent = low fouling
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Better Oxygen Transfer
WE&TNov 2006Fine pore Coarse pore Mechanical
Alp
ha
MLSS, g/l
MBR
IMAS
Decr
easi
ng E
nerg
y C
onsu
mpti
on
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• MBR: requires membrane air scour & MLSS recirculation pumping
• IMAS: no air scour, no recirc pumping
Greater Energy Efficiency
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Power ConsumptionMBR @ 10k ppm MLSS & Cyclic Air Scour
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
MBR IMAS
Mis c ellaneous
R ec irc ulation P umps
Membrane A ir S c our
P roces s A ir
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Higher Membrane Fouling Feed = Higher Capital and O&M Costs
Membrane Fouling Environment
MBR
IMAS
En
erg
y C
on
sum
pti
on &
Mem
bra
ne A
rea
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10,000 GPDPackagePlant
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Duke University IMFAS Study
• Both suspended and fixed biomass
• IMFAS HRT is lower than an MBR• Smaller footprint
• IMFAS biomass settles faster• Smaller clarifier
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Pilot Trailer at N. Durham WWTP
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BioPortz
Without Biomass
With Biomass
Plastic—HDPE
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Pilot Trailer Setup
Anaerobic Anoxic Aerobic
Clarifier Membrane Unit
Nitrate recycleRAS
RAS
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Two Train Setup
• Anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic system (A2O)• IMFAS train: BioPortz in both aerobic reactors
Anaer. Anoxic Aerobic
IMFAS train
IMAS train
HRT (h) = 1 1 1 2 2
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Pilot Equipment
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Kinetic Benefit of IFAS
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1. Anaerobic 2. Anoxic 3. Aerobic 1 4. Aerobic 2
NO
3/N
H3
ra
te
Suspended phase
Attached phase
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IFMAS Pilot Results
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IFMAS Pilot Results
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• Delivers Membrane Quality Effluent
• Offers Much Lower Energy Consumption
• Requires Less Membrane
• Competitive Footprint