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AFRICAEconomies, People,
Problems
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DESERTS
•Any country south of the Sahara Desert is considered Sub- Saharan•Video on Kenyan drought
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• Most of Sub-Saharan Africa is situated on a huge plateau.– This creates escarpments where the plateau drops off to lower elevations.
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Congo River
•Feeds Congolese Junglesv
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Congo River Basin• Second Largest rain forest, water
flow–Heavily used for trade
• Railroads bypass waterfalls
–Hydroelectric power
–Infertile, rain forest soil
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Nile River•Supports Felaheen in Egypt and Sudan
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Nile River• Longest river in the world
–ASWAN HIGH DAM
–LAKE NASSER •(Reservoir)
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Zambezi River• Empties into Indian Ocean
• Hydroelectric Power:
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African Industry• Agriculture: 60% of Africa’s
population works in agriculture– Over half of this is subsistence
farming– Commercial cash crops include:
Coffee, cotton, cocoa, rubber
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African Industry• Mining / Drilling: valuable
export but the industry doesn't employ many people– Oil: North Africa and central west
coast
– Precious Metals: Diamonds, gold, silver
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██ High human development██ Medium human development██ Low human development██ Unavailable
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Economic Problems• Landlocked countries have no
access to oceanic industry / trade
• Overgrazing by livestock, shifting agriculture, and need for timber leads to deforestation– This combined with the climate
leads to desertification
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Economic Problems• Droughts kill crops, cause famine
(see life expectancy p. 511)– Hungry refugees flood cities
• Political unrest / civil war
• Little to no infrastructure
• National debt
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Health Issues
– Malaria
(mosquitoes)
– Rabies (1885)
– Cholera (1879)
– Tuberculosis (1927)
– Polio (1955)
– Hepatitis (1981)
•Many Africans die from normally treatable / preventable diseases
(Dates represent discovery / invention of vaccines that prevent these diseases) video on Aids in Africa
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1. Read – Read your article in silence. 2. Write – Determine the main point of the article and write a 5
sentence summary on s separate sheet of paper.3. Discuss – Then discuss with your partner the presentation of
the article you will make to the class. You will have 5minutes to get it ready.
• Present - Come up to the board and give us your summary.– Say the country’s name.– Point to the country location on the map. – Write some notes on the board about the history and current situation of
the events in the article.EVERYONE must take notes on the country.
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• Every day in Africa, 7,000 people die of AIDs.
• 79% of children with AIDs are African
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Health Issues• High population growth rate
• Large percent of population under age 15
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Population growth rates by percent
(US = .91%, African average approximately 2%)
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Health Issues• Low life expectancy
• High infant mortality – Sub-Saharan Africa averaged 107
infant deaths in 1998• The US averaged 6
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Average life expectancy (Est. 2006)
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World Wide Infant Mortality Rates
(Est. 2006)
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Rank Country \ region Infant mortality rate
1 Angola 187.49
2 Afghanistan 163.07
3 Sierra Leone 162.55
4 Liberia 161.99
5 Mozambique 130.79
... ... ...
184 United States of America 6.50
223 Japan 3.26
224 Hong Kong, SAR, PRC 2.96
225 Sweden 2.77
226 Singapore 2.29
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UN Ranking
QUALITY OF LIFE
(Lower # is better)
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Health Issues• HIV / AIDs is more prevalent in
Africa than anywhere else in the world.– Roughly 42 million people live
with aids worldwide• 29 million of those live in Africa
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