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Africa – Unit 2REVIEW
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In the Sahel, overgrazing and drought have resulted in a decrease in the
grassland region. What is this process called?
DESERTIFICATION
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What does partition mean?
to divide
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During the 1950’s and 1960’s most African countries experienced
what?
Political Independence Political Independence from the from the
European Powers European Powers
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What was the name of the meeting which called for the partitioning of
Africa in the 1880s?
The Berlin Conference The Berlin Conference
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What country is this?
NIGERIA
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What role did Mandela and de Klerk play in the evolution of Apartheid in South Africa?
They worked together to abolish Apartheid.
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What country is this?
SUDAN
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Why did Africans want independence from European
powers?
They wanted control of their own governments &
resources.
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What factors lead to desertification?
Deforestation, drought, overuse of the land
(overgrazing)
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What lake is this?
LAKE VICTORIA
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What leader is responsible for helping to make Apartheid illegal?
Nelson Mandela
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The word “Apartheid” comes from which language (meaning separateness)?
Afrikaans
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What River is this?
CONGO RIVER
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What ethnic group lives in Central & Southern
Africa?
Bantu
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Why did Europeans build empires in Africa?
Europeans wanted the natural Europeans wanted the natural resources found there, and to resources found there, and to
expand their empires.expand their empires.
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What River is this?
NILE RIVER
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What country is this?
SOUTH AFRICA
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What religion is most common among the Swahili
today?
Islam
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What country is this?
KENYA
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What River is this?
NIGER RIVER
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What is the reason for the many different languages
found in Africa?
Because there are many ethnic groups that each speak their
own language.
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A war fought in a country with it’s own people fighting each other is called a
_____.
civil warcivil war
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When did many African groups begin to challenge European colonial rule?
After World War IIAfter World War II
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Who was the president who helped bring an end to Apartheid
in South Africa?
Frederick W. de KlerkFrederick W. de Klerk
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What movement stressed that all black Africans must see themselves as one
people?
Pan-AfricanismPan-Africanism
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What is the name of Nelson Mandela’s political party?
African National CongressAfrican National Congress
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During the late 19th and early 20th centuries European powers raced to colonize the African continent, this
became known as the…..
““Scramble for Africa”Scramble for Africa”
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What rights were removed under Apartheid?•Race MixingRace Mixing
•Free TravelFree Travel•VotingVoting
•Free SpeechFree Speech•CitizenshipCitizenship
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What were some of the requirements for black Africans under Apartheid?
•Forced to live in homelands•Required to use separate facilities from whites
•Required to carry pass books
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useless for farming & agriculture.
Poor soil & deforestation cause more land to become
_____.
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Which African country had Apartheid?
South Africa South Africa
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What was the main goal of the Pan African Movement?
To get all Africans around the world to To get all Africans around the world to think of themselves as one people and to think of themselves as one people and to begin to work together for independence begin to work together for independence
& economic/political stability& economic/political stability
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Mandela was president of what organization that worked to end
Apartheid?
The ANC or The ANC or African National Congress African National Congress
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What did the African nationalist movement fight for?
INDEPENDENCEINDEPENDENCE
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What mixed ethnic group mostly live in North Africa
& the Middle East?
ARABS
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The development of the Swahili language was a direct result of
what?
The mixing of the Bantu, The mixing of the Bantu, Arabic, and other Arabic, and other traditional African traditional African
languages.languages.
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What ethnic group lives in central Ghana, and believes that the
strength of their nation depends on the “Golden Stool?”
The AshantiThe Ashanti
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What mountains are these?
ATLAS MOUNTAINS
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Bantu and Arabic
The development of the Swahili language was the result of the mixing of which two cultures?
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In what geographic region of Africa would I find the Niger River AND what impact would the fertile soil
along this river have on the population there?
Western Africa...increased Western Africa...increased population population
(makes it the population center of Africa).(makes it the population center of Africa).
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In what country are both the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers found?
Iraq
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What is Zionism?
Zionism is a movement whose goal was to establish a Jewish
homeland in Israel(Palestine).
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What is the USA’s main economic interest in Southwest Asia
(the Middle East)?
OILAnd Natural Gas
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To what does the term Anti-Semitism refer?
the prejudice and hostility shown toward Jewish people
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What is the role of OPEC?
It monitors oil supply and demand to set the price of oil.
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Which ethnic group would be found in Turkey, Iraq,
Iran, and Syria?
Kurds
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What lake is this?
LAKE TANGANYIKA
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In 1990-91 the USA sent troops to the Middle East to
free which country?
Kuwait
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Persian people are closely tied to which country?
Iran
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What is the difference between an ethnic group and a religious group?
An ethnic group is a group of people who share cultural ideas and beliefs
that have been part of their community for generations, where as a religious
group is a group of people who share a belief system in a god or gods, with a specific set of rituals or ceremonies.
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What organization created a new state of Israel in
1948, as a homeland for Jews?
The United Nations