Download - African ecology
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I. Biomes and OrganismsII. Ecological RelationshipsIII. Surviving the Elements
AFRICAN ECOLOGY
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BIOMES• Several types of biomes located on this continent:• Terrestrial• Desert• Grasslands• Savanna• Rainforest• Chapparal
• Aquatic• Rivers• Lakes• Ocean
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Biome Types =Precip. and Temperature
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Biome Descriptions• Temperate Grasslands “The Veldt”-South Africa; seasonal variation, moderate rainfall; rich, organic soil; much is used for farming• Savanna (Tropical/Subtropical Grasslands)-distinct seasonal changes, high rainfall (harsh dry season) **alternating wet/dry seasons; rich, organic soil• Desert-very hot and dry; can be cold during the night; little rainfall/plant life• Tropical Rainforest-land areas closest to the equator; most diverse in plant and animal species; abundant rainfall all year• Chapparal-long, hot, dry summers; rainy, mild winters; subject to fires (**helpful to some plant life that needs the fire for their seeds to germinate)
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Temperate Grasslands…The VeldtSavanna…Tropical/Subtropical Grasslands
• Fauna• Africa - aardvark, African wild cat, African elephant, many
antelopes, baboon, buffalo, Cape hunting dog, cheetah, giraffe, gnu, hartebeest, hippopotamus, hyena, impala, jackals, kudu, leopard, lion, meerkat, mongoose, oryx, ostrich, red-billed oxpecker, rhinoceros, vulture, wildebeest, zebra, and many other animals
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DesertFauna• Hot Desert: addax antelope, barn owls, cape hare, dama deer,
desert hedgehog, dorcas gazelle, fan-tailed raven, Fennec fox, gerbil, horned viper, jackal, jerboa, mouse, Nubian bustard, ostrich, sand fox, shrew, slender mongoose, spiny-tailed lizard, spotted hyena, ground squirrel, hyena, jackal, meerkat, springbok• Cold and Hot Desert: fringe-toed lizard, golden mole, jackal,
sidewinder, viper, web-footed gecko
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Tropical RainforestFauna• West Africa • mammals (antelopes, bonobo, chimpanzee, gorilla, Mandrill,
scaly-tailed squirrels, otter shrews, duikers, okapi, hippopotamus, Cercopithecus monkeys, bushbabies, pygmy hippo, duiker) • birds (Congo peafowl, African Gray Parrot) and millions of
other animals.
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Chaparral• Fauna• Mediterranean Sea coast - Apennine wolf, beech-marten,
deer, black stork, black vulture, dormouse, Egyptian mongoose, great bustard, hare, hedgehog, Iberian lynx, Spanish Imperial eagle, weasel, wild boar, wild goat, wild sheep • South Africa - Cape sugarbird, sunbirds
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ECOLOGY-FOCUS• Ecology is the study of interactions among organisms and their environments• So….what does this mean for the populations of people in African countries? **People are found in all the biomes discussed**• Ecological Considerations:• Land (Biomes)• Climate• Rainfall• Natural disasters• Food • terrestrial and aquatic availability• Meat sources and Crops grown; Water for drinking
• Healthcare/Pollution/Habitat Stability/Population Growth/Global Warming
• ARE THESE ISOLATED FACTORS OR IS THERE MORE TO CONSIDER?
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The People
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Natural Disasters•DROUGHT•FAMINE•FLOOD•EPIDEMICS
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What are your thoughts???•What connections have you made?•What can you gather from the “small” overview of ecological points given?• Keep in mind: ecology links us all together: men, women, boys, girls, animals, bacteria, fungus, plants, viruses…BUT THIS IS JUST ONE PIECE TO THE PUZZLE.• How does one survive the African experience?