Download - After the Civil War
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After the Civil WarReconstruction
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President Lincoln was killed and Andrew Johnson takes over
North wins but South needs to be rebuilt
What do you do with the freed slaves?
What Problems did the Country have after the War?
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Time to rebuild the South after the war
Slaves free but South passes Black Codes
Slaves contracted to work the land
Limits rights of freed slaves
Reconstruction
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Ku Klux Klan (KKK): white supremacist hate group (1866)
Civil Rights Act of 1866: African Americans become citizens and have equal rights as citizens
Reconstruction
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After the Civil War 13th Amendment:
ended slavery 1865 after the Civil War
40 Acres & a mule: Sherman orders land in GA & SC to be given to former slaves but Pres. Johnson vetoed it
Freedman’s Bureau: established by Lincoln to aide freed slaves (Bill later vetoed by Johnson)
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Protecting Rights 14th
Amendment: granted due process rights to all citizens
Equal Protection Clause: laws can not discriminate against people
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Segregation Segregation: separate
by race, religion, gender, nationality, etc
De jure Segregation: by law
De facto Segregation: not by law but usually economic
Jim Crows Laws: 1876-1965 De jure segregation varied throughout the country
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Case heard in 1896 by Supreme Court
Plessy was a light skinned black man who sat in a white train car in Louisiana
Arrested when refused to move.
Judge Fergusen sentences him
Plessy argues 13th and 14th Amendments give him equal rights
Supreme Court rules “separate but equal”
Plessy V. Fergusen
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1954 Topeka, Kansas 7 yr old Linda Brown
lives closer to a white school but must go to the black school
Parents said violated equal protection
Court ruled separate but equal unconstitutional
Schools desegregated
Brown V. Board of Education
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Thurgood Marshall
Howard University Law School 1933 Chief Counsel NAACP (National Advancement of Colored People) Lawyer Brown Family Brown vs. Board Education 1967 LBJ appointed him 1st African American Supreme Court
Justice Died 1993
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Suffrage: right to vote
15th Amendment: can not discriminate against race when voting
1898
15th Amendment
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Poll Tax: Charged a tax to vote
Literacy Test: had to pass a test
Registering to vote was hard
Grandfather clause: if your grandfather could vote you had the right to vote. Helped whites who could not pass the test or afford the tax.
How Were African American Men Prevented from Voting?