Download - Agile Design for Trust & Acceptance in HMI
Strictly Private and Confidential
Autonomous Driving: The Ideal Experience
Mobility user experiences for consumers
and connected automation
Christopher Andrews Leader of Emerging Technologies
Agile design for Trust and Acceptance in HMI
Strictly Private and Confidential
Agenda
• Mobility cockpit user experience evolution roadmap
• Autonomous research outputs 2015
• Review evolving advanced R&D research conditions
• Evaluate alternative research simulator system
• Describe preliminary autonomous-related research
• Consider future applications/next steps
Strictly Private and Confidential
Partial Automation Highly Automated Driving Autonomous Vehicles
2015 2016 2018 2020 2025 2030
Highway Highly
Automated Driving
Automated Parking
Flexible & Holistic HMI
Enhanced Personalization
Pervasive Connectivity
Always on Features
Smart City Interactions
Pilot Monitoring & Gesture
Autonomous Low Speed City
Automated Mobility
Swarm Intelligence
Vehicle Sharing
Immersive Cockpit Reality
Critical system redundancy (aerospace & defense models)
Co
mp
lexi
ty
Mobility Cockpit User Experience Evolution
Enabling Technologies
Strictly Private and Confidential
NHTSA’s Five Levels of Vehicle Automation
Research Focus
LEVEL 0 LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 3 LEVEL 4
No Automation Function-Specific
Automation
Combined
Function
Automation
Automation that
takes over safety-critical
functions under certain
traffic conditions. Driver
is available for
occasional control
Full Self-Driving
Automation
Visteon Scenario 1 Visteon Scenario 2 Visteon Scenario 3
Strictly Private and Confidential
Limited Self-
Driving
Automation
Vehicle performs all
safety- critical driving
functions for entire trip.
Driver not expected to
be available for control
any time during trip
Automation of at
least two functions,
for example
adaptive cruise
control and lane
steering
Automation
of one or more
functions: electronic
stability control
or pre-charged
brakes
Driver is in
complete and sole
control of brakes,
steering, throttle,
and motive power
at all times
Strictly Private and Confidential
Trustworthy Trustworthy Trustworthy
Relaxed
Entertained
Efficient
Relaxed
Entertained
Efficient
Relaxed
Entertained
Efficient
Personal
Personal Personal
SCENARIO 1 SCENARIO 2 SCENARIO 3
Strictly Private and Confidential
Evolving Advanced R&D Needs
• Facilitate ‘better decisions sooner’
– Research and development cost, quality and
speed are more important than ever
• More ‘trustworthy’ (valid) results
– More realistic conditions
• Speed of testing
– Iteration
– Faster iterative testing means fewer big
failures, happier customers, less costly rework
FAST
CHEAP GOOD
Strictly Private and Confidential
Advanced R&D Challenges
– Conventional driving simulator approaches provide valuable data
• Sentiment/Preferences
• (HMI) Task Performance
• Driving Task Performance
– But they can also be dated, resource-intensive, and slow
• Development chain era
• Infrastructure, expertise and ongoing costs
• Rework can be complex
Strictly Private and Confidential
Advanced R&D: A Convergence
• “New” software and hardware
making its way into accessibility
– GPUs, displays
– Video game software tools
– Consumer(-ish) hardware
• New skills brought into the
organization
– Videogame and SFX
• “Demand” for improved logistics
Strictly Private and Confidential
Autonomous Application – Researching HAD & Autonomy
– Simulator Scenarios
• Construction Zone – Demonstrating
the value of autonomous response
• Freeway Zone – Demonstrating a
transition of control concept and
several AR concepts
• City Zone – Demonstrating a fully
autonomous concept
Strictly Private and Confidential
Unexpected Benefit
LAB
LOW
CONTACT
HIGH
CONTACT
• Accident/Incident reports
• Case studies
• Models • Math model-based
simulations
• Literature review
Ethnography
Observational
“Ride-along”
Surveys
Experiments
More value to specific case; Less applicability to generalized cases
Less value to specific case; More applicability to generalized cases
User Testing
Driving simulator
Adapted from Wickens and Hollands (Engineering Psychology and Human Performance)
FIELD
Strictly Private and Confidential
Unexpected Benefit
LAB
LOW
CONTACT
HIGH
CONTACT
• Accident/Incident reports
• Case studies
• Models • Math model-based
simulations
• Literature review
Ethnography
Observational
“Ride-along”
Surveys
Experiments
User Testing
Driving simulator
Adapted from Wickens and Hollands (Engineering Psychology and Human Performance)
FIELD
More value to specific case; Less applicability to generalized cases
Less value to specific case; More applicability to generalized cases
Strictly Private and Confidential
NHTSA’s five levels of vehicle automation
LEVEL 2 LEVEL 3 LEVEL 4
Combined
Function
Automation
Automation that
takes over safety-critical
functions under certain
traffic conditions. Driver
is available for
occasional control
Full Self-Driving
Automation
Visteon scenario 1 Visteon scenario 2 Visteon scenario 3
Limited Self-
Driving
Automation
Vehicle performs all
safety- critical driving
functions for entire trip.
Driver not expected to
be available for control
any time during trip
Automation of at
least two functions,
for example
adaptive cruise
control and lane
steering
• Suggests specific questions and issues that need to be resolved
– What are the limits and key concerns of transition of control between car and driver?
– Solutions for the driver to assess the readiness of the vehicle to assume control
– Solutions for the vehicle to assess the readiness of the driver to assume control
Strictly Private and Confidential
Pros and Cons
• Key Benefits
– Makes proposed solutions more “real” for consumers – and executives
• “Promotype”
– Works great for intended scope (early, fast, iterative)
– Surprisingly effective at bridging observational/exploratory and performance
• Key Limitations
– Still a simulation
• Not equally suited to all phases of PDP
– Tightly coupled system requires tight integration
– The solution requires working differently at several levels
• Existing systems are entrenched internally and externally (“how things work”)
Strictly Private and Confidential
Next/Ongoing Steps
• Focus questions
– To what extent is the ___ technology/solution suitable for the vehicle
environment?
• Autonomous solutions
• Augmented Reality (attentional blindness, phototropism, startle responses)
• Alternative controller concepts, Gesture (gesture “vocabulary” range), etc.
– To what extent should we allocate resources to the development of ___?
• To what extent is this smartphone solution suitable for vehicle applications?
• Demonstrate benefits of the approach to broader audiences
• Continue and build on working relationships
• Explore opportunities to expand the platform