![Page 1: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Airports as cityports in the
city-region
AirNeth Annual Conference
April 11-13, 2007
Michel van Wijk
SADC Schiphol Area
Development Co.
![Page 2: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Playing field
of actors
SOCIAL-CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS
LEGAL INSTITUTIONS
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
CITY-REGION CITYPORT
AIRPORT AS CITYPORT
INSTITUTIONAL LEARNING
INSTITUTIONS OF GOVERNANCE
ECONOMIC INSTITUTIONS
![Page 3: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
City-regions (1)
![Page 4: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
City-regions (2)
Tokyo Rhein-Main Randstad
+ Rail transport + Air transport + Air/water transport
+ Domestic market + Public transport + Competition
+ Education and labour
+ Market and education
+ Business services
- Market access - Tax - Motivation labour and housing
- Air transport - Available housing and labour
- Public transport
![Page 5: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Position airports
![Page 6: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Economic spin-off urbanisation
![Page 7: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Schiphol: mono-
centric airport city
![Page 8: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Frankfurt: poly- centric airport city
![Page 9: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Cityports Tokyo
![Page 10: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Narita: sprawled aerotropolis Haneda: isolated airport island
![Page 11: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Spatial economic analysis
• Impact of airports in the city-regions of Randstad and Rhein-Main bigger than expected; in Tokyo considered as weak element in business climate
• Cityport development limited in Japanese cases despite experience with railway cityports.
If not economic factors, which institutions are essential for the development of airports as cityports in the city-region?
![Page 12: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Schiphol
![Page 13: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Schiphol
- Various levels of govt. in charge: unclear roles and responsibilities, indecision
- Lack of specialisation of locations +/- High planning ambitions, but limited investment, and lack of balance land uses
+/- Governance and PPP’s, but possible conflict of interests (BFS, SRE, Chipshol)
![Page 14: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Frankfurt
![Page 15: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
+ Infrastructure oriented development
- Lack of effective government
+ Tax competitions: specialisation locations
+/- Conflict cultuur: trade-offs
+ Opportunities airport privatisation
Frankfurt Rhein-Main
![Page 16: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
2004 terminal 2 Haneda
2009 Runway 4
![Page 17: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Haneda MLIT I: development and financing
+ Economic chances area development
- Focus airside
- Centralisation MLIT, weak local embeddedness
- Lack of competition
- Cash cow MLIT
![Page 18: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Narita International
Airport
1978: 1 runway 2009: 2 runways
![Page 19: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Institutions Narita II Independent Govt. Company
- MLIT pays and decides, joint by governours - Ignoring citizens: expropriation violance - Focus airside + Privatising airport: income increase, cost reduction, improving embeddedness?
![Page 20: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
1994 Kansai Intl.
2006 Kobe Airport
2005 Chubu Intl.
![Page 21: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Institutions Kansai III: Public-private partnership
+ Planning concept
- Subsidy dependency public works
- ‘Mega project at risk’
- Performance crisis: innovations
![Page 22: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Institutions Centrair IV: Corporate approach: Toyota Model
+ Planning concept + Bottom-up approach + Privatisation: cost reduction
- Prefecture did not learn from Kansai?
![Page 23: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Conclusions: crucial institutions for the airport as a cityport
• Competition municipalities both necessary and problematic; exception Schiphol
• Airport area development by market actors more efficient and more specialisation
• Effect merging ministries in planning • Privatisation: efficiency and coalitions • PPP: Schiphol ahead, conflicts of interest • Centralisation and local tax competition: lack of local cooperation
![Page 24: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Outlook: SADC
• Improve variety and manage scarcity of industrial sites
• Govt. company: private tools for realizing public aims
1. Regional coordination 2. Public supply of scarce land 3. Project management of land development 4. Marketing and acquisition (AAA)
![Page 25: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Cluster Quality Location Center Fresh/ Perishables
Expedition
Aalsmeer Auction Green Park
Fashion Supply chain Creative workforce
Lijnden Almere World Fashion Center
Aerospace/ High Tech
Tradition and know-how
Schiphol-East
AF/KLM European Maintenance Center Experience centre Aviation District
China East-Asian EDC,EHQ
Schiphol Chinamex Trade Center
Smart Cargo Multimodal distribution
Schiphol/ Hoofddorp
Werkstad A4 (WA4)
Schiphol Area Development Co. (SADC) & Amsterdam Airport Area (AAA): Joint cluster strategy
![Page 26: Airports as cityports in the city-region · Air/water transport + Domestic market + Public transport + Competition + Education and labour + Market and ... • Effect merging ministries](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022051916/6007c6fa3d7bf6568a127235/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
THANK YOU!