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ABOUT NIIT EDUCATION
NIIT, Asia's largest IT Trainer, pioneered IT
education and training in India more than two
decades ago. Over the years NIIT has developed a
range of curricula for people with diverse
requirements--from students seeking a career in IT, to
IT professionals looking at enhancing their IT skills;
from business managers seeking to develop a
competitive edge, to new users in the quest of
computer literacy.
NIIT is the first and the only Asian Education and Training Organization to feature among
the IDC Top 20 Global IT Training market leaders.
NIIT is a leading Global Talent Development Corporation, building a skilled manpower
pool for global industry requirements. The company which was set up in 1981, to help the
nascent IT industry overcome its human resource challenges, has today grown to rank
among the worlds leading talent development organisations offering learning solutions to
Individuals, Enterprises and Institutions across 40 countries.
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INTRODUCTION TO VISUAL BASIC .NET
Visual Basic.Net is an object oriented programming language. Visual Basic .Net is the
fastest and easiest way to create application for Microsoft Windows. Visual Basic.Net
provides you with a complete set of tools to simplify rapid application development.
The Visual part refers to method used to create the graphical user interface
(GUI). Rather than writing numerous lines of code to describe the appearance and location
of interface elements, you simply drag and drop pre built objects into place on screen.
The Basic part refers to the BASIC (Beginners All-Purpose Instruction Code)
language used by more programmers than any other language in the history of computing.
Visual Basic.Net has evolved from the original BASIC language and now contains several
hundred statements, functions and keywords, many of which relate directly to Windows
GUI. Beginners can create useful applications by learning just the few of the keywords, yet
the power of the language allows professionals to accomplish anything that can be
accomplished using any other Windows programming language.
The Visual Basic.Net programming language is not unique to Visual Basic.Net.
The Visual Basic.Net programming system, Application Edition included in Microsoft
Excel, Microsoft Access, and many other windows applications uses the same language.
It is also very user friendly. It has menu driven interface which gives the user a
great deal of convenience in creating and handling database. It is becoming very popular
among the users due to its user friendliness and advanced features.
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FEATURES OF VISUAL BASIC .NET
Some of the features that we used in our Office Automation System are described below:
General tools
MDI form.
Menu Editor
Communication control.
GENERAL TOOL
The Visual Basic.Net toolbox contains the tools you use to add controls on your forms.
THE VISUAL BASIC.NET TOOLBOX
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CONTROLCATEGORIES
There are three broad categories of controls in Visual Basic.Net:
Intrinsic controls, such as the command button and frame controls. These controls
are contained inside the Visual Basic.Net .exe file. Intrinsic controls are always
included in the toolbox, unlike ActiveX controls and insert able objects, which can
be removed from or added to the toolbox.
ActiveX controls, which exist as separate files with a .ocx file name extension.
These include controls that are available in all editions of Visual Basic.Net (Data
Combo, Data List controls, and so on) and those that are available only in the
Professional and Enterprise editions (such as List view, Toolbar, Animation, and
Tabbed Dialog). Many third-party ActiveX controls are also available.
Note Controls with the .vbx file name extension use older technology and are
found in applications written in earlier versions of Visual Basic.Net. When Visual
Basic.Net opens a project containing a .vbx control, the default behavior is to
replace the .vbx control with an .ocx control, but only if an .ocx version of the
control is available.
Insertable Objects, such as a Microsoft Excel Worksheet object containing a list of
all your company's employees, or a Microsoft Project Calendar object containing
the scheduling information for a project. Since these can be added to the toolbox,
they can be considered controls. Some of these objects also support Automation
(formerly called OLE Automation), which allows you to program another
application's objects from within a Visual Basic.Net application.
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ACTIVEX CONTROLS
Visual Basic.Net contains a number of ActiveX controls (referred to as standard ActiveX
controls) that allow you to add advanced features to your applications. ActiveX controls
have the file name extension .ocx and can be used in your project by manually adding them
to the toolbox. The following table summarizes the standard ActiveX controls available in
the Learning edition of Visual Basic.Net.
Icon Control name Class name Description
ADO Data Control ADODC Creates a connection to a database
using ADO. Assignable to the Data
Source property of other controls such
as the Data Grid.
Common dialog Common Dialog Provides a standard set of dialog boxes
for operations such as opening and
saving files, setting print options, and
selecting colours and fonts.
DataCombo DataCombo Provides most of the features of the
standard combo box control, plus
increased data access capabilities.
DataGrid DataGrid A grid control that allows can be data-
bound to a data source such as the
ADO Data Control. Reading and
editing the record set is possible.
DataList DataList Provides most of the features of the
standard list box control, plus increased
data access capabilities.
Microsoft Hierarchical
FlexGrid
MSHFlexGrid A read-only grid control that can be
bound the Data Environment designer
to show hierarchical record sets.
MULTIPLE DOCUMENT INTERFACE (MDI) APPLICATIONS
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The multiple document interface (MDI) allows you to create an application that maintains
multiple forms within a single container form. Applications such as Microsoft Excel and
Microsoft Word for Windows have multiple-document interfaces.
An MDI application allows the user to display multiple documents at the same time, with
each document displayed in its own window. Documents or child windowsare contained
in a parent window, which provides a workspace for all the child windows in the
application. For example, Microsoft Excel allows you to create and display multiple-
document windows of different types. Each individual window is confined to the area of
the Excel parent window. When you minimize Excel, all of the document windows are
minimized as well; only the parent window's icon appears in the task bar.
A child form is an ordinary form that has its MDI Child property set to true. Your
application can include many MDI child forms of similar or different types.
At run time, child forms are displayed within the workspace of the MDI parent form (the
area inside the form's borders and below the title and menu bars). When a child form is
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minimized, its icon appears within the workspace of the MDI form instead of on the
taskbar, as shown in Figure.
CHILD FORMS DISPLAYED WITHIN THE WORKSPACE OF THE MDI FORM
Note: Your application can also include standard, non-MDI forms that are not contained
in the MDI form. A typical use of a standard form in an MDI application is to display a
modal dialog box.
An MDI form is similar to an ordinary form with one restriction. You can't place a control
directly on a MDI form unless that control has an Align property (such as a picture box
control) or has no visible interface (such as a timer control).
RUN-TIME FEATURES OF MDI FORMS
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At run time, an MDI form and all of its child forms take on special characteristics:
All child forms are displayed within the MDI form's workspace. The user can move
and size child forms like any other form; however, they are restricted to this
workspace.
When a child form is minimized, its icon appears on the MDI form instead of the
taskbar. When the MDI form is minimized, the MDI form and all of its child forms
are represented by a single icon. When the MDI form is restored, the MDI form and
all the child forms are displayed in the same state they were in before being
minimized.
When a child form is maximized, its text is combined with the caption of the MDI
form and is displayed in the MDI form's title bar (see Figure).
By setting the Auto Show Children property, you can display child forms
automatically when forms are loaded (True), or load child forms as hidden (False).
The active child form's menus (if any) are displayed on the MDI form's menu bar,
not on the child form.
A CHILD FORM TEXT COMBINED WITH THE TEXT OF AN MDI FORM
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MENUEDITOR
TO DISPLAY THE MENU ITEMS
From the toolbox, Choose Menu strip and drop on to the MDI form. You can write
the name of the menu items by clicking on the strip. Also, place an ampersand (&)
before the letter you want to be the access key for that menu item. This letter will
automatically be underlined in the menu. As shown in figure.
The two most important properties for menu controls are:
Name This is the name you use to reference the menu control from code.
Text This is the text that appears on the control.
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CREATING SUB MENU ITEMS
We can simply add the sub menu items by single clicking on the menu item. Its sub menu
boxes will automatically highlighted. Click on a sub menu box and write the name of your
sub menu. As in figure:
By following this procedure you can create your desired sub menus.
Note: A menu control cannot be a separator bar if it is a menu title, has submenu items, is
checked or disabled, or has a shortcut key.
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CREATING MENUS WITH THE ITEMS COLLECTION EDITOR
You can use the Items Collection Editor to create new menus and menu bars, add
new commands to existing menus, replace existing menu commands with your owncommands, and change and delete existing menus and menu bars.
TO CREATE MENU CONTROLS IN THE ITEMS COLLECTION EDITOR
1. Select the MDI form.
2. From the menu bar, right click on the menu item, you want to add sub items.
3. Select Edit Drop Down Items
4. In the Select item box, select Menu item and click on add.
5. A Tool Strip Menu Item will add to the list. In the property window type the text
in the Text property for the first menu item that you want to appear as the sub
menu.
6. In the Name text box, type the name that you will use to refer to the menu control
in code.
7. Click the up arrow or down arrow buttons to change the indentation level of the
control.8. Set other properties for the control, if you choose. You can do this in the Items
Collection Editor or later, in the Properties window.
9. You can add multiple items by following the same procedure.
10. Choose OK to close the Items Collection Editor when you have created all the
menu controls for that form.
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The figure shows the working of Editor.
The menu titles you create are displayed on the form. At design time, click a menu title to
drop down its corresponding menu items.
SEPARATING MENU ITEMS
A separator bar is displayed as a horizontal line between items on a menu. On a
menu with many items, you can use a separator bar to divide items into logical groups. For
example, the File menu in Visual Basic.Net uses separator bars to divide its menu items
into three groups, as shown in figure:
Separator bars
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TO CREATE A SEPARATOR BAR IN THE MENU ITEMS
1. If you are adding a separator bar to an existing menu, which has sub menu items,
then right click on the menu item and select Edit DropDownItems.
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2. An Items Collection Editor Box will open. Select separator from select item and
add to list below and click on add. A separator will add at the last. Choose your
desired position of separator bar by clicking on up or down button. As shown:
3. Choose OK to close the Items Collection Editor.
Note: Although separator bars are created as menu controls, they do not respond to the
Click event, and users cannot choose them.
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ASSIGNING ACCESS KEYS AND SHORTCUT KEYS
You can improve keyboard access to menu commands by defining access keys and
shortcut keys.
ACCESS KEYS
Access keys allow the user to open a menu by pressing the ALT key and typing a
designated letter. Once a menu is open, the user can choose a control by pressing the letter
(the access key) assigned to it. For example, ALT+F might open the File menu, and S
might select the Save menu item. As shown in Figure.
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TO ASSIGN AN ACCESS KEY TO A MENU CONTROL IN THE MENU EDITOR
1. Select the menu item to which you want to assign an access key.
2. In the Text box, type an ampersand (&) immediately in front of the letter you
want to be the access key.
For example, if the Edit menu shown in Figure is open, the following Caption property
settings respond to the corresponding keys.
Menu control caption Caption property Access keys
Cut Cu&t T
Copy C&opy O
Paste
Delete
Select All
Time/Date
&Paste
De&lete
Select &All
Time/&Date
p
l
a
d
Note: Do not use duplicate access keys on menus. If you use the same access key for
more than one menu item, the key will not work. For example, if C is the access key for
both Cut and Copy, when you select the Edit menu and press C, the Copy command will
be selected, but the application will not carry out the command until the user presses
ENTER. The Cut command will not be selected at all.
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SHORTCUT KEYS
Shortcut keys run a menu item immediately when pressed. Frequently used menu items
may be assigned a keyboard shortcut, which provides a single-step method of keyboard
access, rather than a three-step method of pressing ALT, a menu title access character, and
then a menu item access character. Shortcut key assignments include function key and
control key combinations, such as CTRL+F1 or CTRL+N. They appear on the menu to the
right of the corresponding menu item, as shown in Figure.
TO ASSIGN A SHORTCUT KEY TO A MENU ITEM
1. Open the Items Collection Editor.
2. Select the menu item.
3. Select a function key or key combination in the Shortcut combo box.
4. To remove a shortcut key assignment, choose "(none)" from the top of the list.
5. You can simply set the shortcut keys by the shortcutkeys option in the property
window.
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INTRODUCTION ABOUT THE PROJECT
AIRWAYS RESERVATION SYSTEM
This project is to develop software for a Reservation officer at the platforms. The first
module is about the personal records of the users and other staff. I have consulted a officer
of the Airways, who explained me about the existing working system & provided me
relevant source from time to time. He told me about the earlier working in which all the
tasks were carried out manually. He wanted me to computerize the whole thing.
This project is aimed to overcome the drawbacks of the existing Reservation System and
related Queries.
Appropriate inbuilt checks in the software minimize the chance of wrong data input.
Software incubates alerts and is loaded with password facility for authorized users only.
Varied screens are incorporated for reports, queries and addition of records.
The 2nd module of this project is to automate all the functioning of Airways Reservation
System for Airways Ticket Booking office or may be for other organization with minor
modifications.
We have tried our best and all the efforts to computerize the system after keenly
conducted system study.
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APPLICATION AREA AND END USER
This project is applicable to work of persons working in the Airport Reservation
Office and do the work of booking of tickets (data storage), and the required reports are
created. Till now they used to follow the old manual methods of storing and collecting data
through registers which was very tedious and time consuming. This software can be easily
used by them as it aims at providing them with a record of all the tickets booked in the city
and also help them in feeding relevant information which can be recalled whenever
required. Also by using this we can cancel the reservation if needed. It also generates
relevant reports and queries which may be required by them. Thus, it can be successfully
used by the end users i.e. office bearers.
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PROBLEM DEFINITION
The definition of our problem lies in manual system and a fully automated system.
Manual system: The system is very time consuming and lazy. This system is more prone
to
errors and sometimes the approach to various problems is unstructured.
Technical system: With the advent of latest technology if we do not update our system
then
our business result in losses gradually with time. The technical systems contains the tools
of latest trend i.e. computers printers, fax, Internet etc. The systems with this technology
are very fast, accurate, user-friendly and reliable.
TECNICAL SYSTEM
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DIFFICULTIES IN THE EXISTING SYSTEM
Due to manual procedure, existing system does not work according to
specifications. The slow processing due to manual procedure leads to inefficient and
inconsistency of the system.
In the current system some entries are done at more than one place, which
leads to wastage of manpower, time and cost.
If any updating has to be done in the present system, the changes have to be
done at so many places. Entries have to be done in a number of registers,
which makes the procedures very cumbersome.
In Existing system, there is no way to restrict unauthorized access to the
date except putting the files under lock and key.
Present System does not support any type of integrity constraints e.g. it does
not specify any data type for any data item. i.e. even alphabetic entries can
be done where only numeric are allowed.
In existing system user can skip any valuable information.
It is very difficult to get up to date information in the existing system. If any
information is required for any specific purposes, all these sorting has to be
done manually and data is re-entered at some other places in the stored
order.
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OBJECTIVES OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM
After thoroughly analyzing the existing system, following objectives of the proposed
system have been set:
Controlling redundancy in storing the same data multiple times.
Smooth flow of data without many hurdles.
Adequate validation checks for data accuracy.
Facilitate input of data efficiently and accurately.
Facility to update the data from time to time.
Prompt and specific retrieval of data.
Flexibility in the system according to changing environment.
Adequate security of data.
Application must be most informative to users.
To develop an easy and efficient solution to record the information about the
students and teachers in the school.
Generating Reports periodically for better decisions
In order to overcome difficulties faced in present system a new system is proposed. The
new system involves the complete computerization of Reservation Office Information-
cum-Automation System. The computerization comprises of development of software,
which maintains and updates the complete database of Reservation and user account.
Software is being developed in VB and SQL Server 2005. This project is aimed to
overcome the drawbacks of the existing Airways Reservation System and related queries.
This project can manage overall records of the reservation of air tickets.
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NEED OF AIRLINES SYSTEM
A few factors that directs us to develop a new system are given below -:
1) Faster System
2) Accuracy
3) Reliability
4) Informative
5) Reservations and cancellations from anywhere to any place
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SYSTEM STUDY
FEASIBILITY STUDY
Feasibility study is to check the viability of the project under consideration. Theoretically
various types of feasibilities are conducted, but we have conducted three type of
feasibilities explained as under.
ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY
With the manual system the operating cost of the system is about 60 Lacks P.A. This cost
comprises salary of 25 people, stationary, building rent, electricity, water, telephone etc.
But with the new system this reoccurring cost comes out to be about 20 Lacks P.A. Hence
the new system is economically feasible.
TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY
The new system requires only 6 trained person to work with the system and in overall 10
people per office are sufficient. So we will identify 6 best people from existing system and
train them. As our existing system is purely manual, so we need a one time investment of
Rs 4 Lacks for the purchase of 7 computers, 5 Ticket printers, a laser printer, AC and
networking etc. It requires 20 Lacks PA as a operating cost. With the above details our
system is technically feasible as after investing 24 lacks in a year, the company is still
saving Rs 25 Lacks PA.
OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY
The new solution is feasible in all sense but operationally it is not. The new system
demands the expulsion of at least 15 people from the company. It creates an environment
of joblessness and fear among the employees. It can lead to an indefinite strike in the
company also. So the management must take corrective actions prior in advance in order to
start the further proceedings.
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SYSTEM ANALYSIS
This was the most important phase of my project life cycle .It had connected my maximum
time. The block diagram given below depicts various fact which were understood by one
during the analysis phase.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
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SYSTEM DESIGN
In this phase initially I had designed E-R diagram of the processes, in order to identify
various entities and relationship set, entity set, attributers, link attributes The Diagram of
this process as under.
After this step .We had tried design the data base for the new system and
normalized it. The tables motivated in data dictionaries enclosed as annex II is an outcome
of this step. The symbols of entities are shown below:
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DATA FLOW
DIAGRAMS
(DFDS)
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DATA FLOW DIAGRAM (DFD)
A data flow diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the flow of data through an
information system. A data flow diagram can also be used for the visualization of data
processing. It is common practice for a designer to draw a context-level DFD first which
shows the interaction between the system and outside entities. This context-level DFD is
then exploded to show more detail of the system being modeled. Therefore, the DFD
provides a mechanism for functional modeling as well as information flow modeling. In so
doing it satisfies the second operational analysis principle.
Symbols used in DFD
Data Flow Diagrams are composed of the four basic symbols. These Symbols are
described in the table given below:
Symbols Description
A Rectangle defines a source or destination of system
data.
A Circle or a Bubble represents a process that
transforms the incoming data flows into outgoing data
flows.
An open Rectangle is a data store: data at rest, or a
temporary repository of data.
Arrows represents the flow of data in a system. It is a
pipeline through which the information flows.
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DATA FLOW DIAGRAM OF AIRWAYS RESERVATION SYSTEM
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DATA FLOW DIAGRAM OF GENERAL ENQUIRY SECTION
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DATA FLOW DIAGRAM OF PASSENGER ENQUIRY SECTION
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DATA FLOW DIAGRAM OF BOOKING
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DATA FLOW DIAGRAM OF CANCELLATION
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TABLES USED
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1. Useraccount
Column Name Data Type
Userid Varchar(10) primary key,
Username Varchar(20),
Password Varchar(10),
Accounttype Varchar(15)
2. Flightsinfo
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Column Name Data Type
FlightNo varchar (10) primary key,
FlightDescription varchar (20),
Origin varchar (20),
DepartureTime varchar (15),
Destination varchar (20),
ArrivalTime varchar (15),
Duration varchar(15),
TotalSeatsInFC int,
TotalSeatsInBC int,
TotalSeatsInEC int
3. Reservation
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Column Name Data Type
PNRno Varchar(30) primary key,
TicketNo Varchar(30),
FlightNoVarchar(30) foreign key references
flightsinfo (flightno)
PassportNo Varchar(30),
DepartureTime Varchar(30),
ArrivalTime Varchar(30),
DateofIssue Varchar(30),
DateofJourney Varchar(30),
Class Varchar((30),
Fare Varchar(30),
ModeofPayment Varchar(30),
Status Varchar(30)
4. Pnrstatus
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Column Name Data Type
PNRno Varchar(30) foreign key referencesreservation(PNRno),
PName Varchar(30),
Gender Varchar(30),
Age Varchar(30),
Category Varchar(15)
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SNAPSHOTS
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FRONT END DESIGN
The Front End should be so that user who has the proper access to the Software can easily
interface with the forms. The user should give a valid Username and the Password to get
the access to the Airways Reservation System Software. After that, he will have the access
to every Form of the Software. THE SPLASH SCREEN OF OUR SOFTWARE IS AS
FOLLOWS:
Splash Screen
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THE MDI FORM
This is the main form i.e. MDI form of the Airways Reservation System Software. On the
top, there is Menu Bar from which various options to operate and access the Software can
be selected. But initially, only the first menu option i.e. Login is highlighted and the
User is restricted to perform any other operation. On clicking the Login menu option, a
Login Form gets loaded on the screen and the user is prompted to type in user-id and
password. If the user is authorized one, he will be allowed to access and operate the
software. There are two types of users allowedADMINISTRATOR and USER. An
ADMINISTATOR can perform all the transactions on software but a USER has only
restricted privileges.
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LOGIN SCREEN
This is the Login Form. Only after entering the valid username and password, the user can
access the Airways Reservation System SOFTWARE; otherwise a message of invalid
userid or password is displayed to the User. There are two types of users
allowedADMINISTRATOR and USER. An ADMINISTATOR can perform
all the transactions on software but a USER has only restricted privileges.
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On entering the wrong password, the user will not be allowed to access the Reservation
Software. The message screen in this case would be like as:
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The Main Form
Once the user is logged in as an authorized user, the main form with all the privilegesassigned to the appropriate user will be enabled. If the user is ADMINISTRATOR,
then all the menu bar options are enabled. The screen in this case would be as follows:
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Otherwise if the user is logged in as a STANDARD USER, the main form with all the
privileges assigned to the appropriate user will be enabled. In this case only some of the
menu bar options are enabled. E.g. A USER cant make additions or deletions in the
back end. The screen in this case would be as follows:
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The various menu bar options are as follows:
1. User Account
Create New User
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Modifying Password
A user can modify his password by selecting the Modify password option from UserAccount drop down menu.
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Delete Account
Only Administrator can do the operation of deleting the existing account. This option can
be selected from User Account drop down menu option.
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To Add, Modify and Delete users
These operations also can be done only by ADMINISTRATOR. These various options
can be selected from User Account drop down menu option.
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Giving Tool Tip for each option
This option is for users better understanding. As below, the box showing Enter Your
Name is the tool tip.
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2. RESERVATION SCREEN
This form is for booking of Airways tickets. The Pnr No. and Ticket No. will be generated
automatically. Initially only Flight Description box is enabled.
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As we select Flight Description, Origin and Destination would become highlighted. When
we select Origin and Destination, the other options would be enabled. As in figure:
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Data is saved
After pressing Submit button, the data will be saved in the Reservation table in the
database if all the fields are filled by the administrator.
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Cancel the Reservation
Administrator can also do the job of cancellation of the ticket in the case when the person
which has already booked a ticket has no longer needed the ticket. In this case some
cancellation charges would be taken from the person.
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3. ENQUIRY
Flights Info
This option can be used by both Administrator and Standard user. By entering flight
description, origin and destination, the relevant information can be taken.
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Get Availability
We can get the availability of seats by clicking Get Availability button. As:
Get Fair
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We can also check the fare of selected class by clicking the Get Fare button. As:
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Seats Availability
We can check the information of seats availability by clicking the Enquiry menu and
selecting Seats Inquiry. Firstly we have to select Description and then Origin, Destinationand then Journey Date. As:
After clicking Get It we can get the required seats information. As:
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PNR Status
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For checking if the seat is reserved or being cancelled, we can do this job by click
Enquiry from menu and selecting PNR Status. We have to enter only our PNR no. and
click on Getit. Our flights information and Status will be shown to us. As in figure:
4. WINDOWS
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If multiple windows are opened, and we want to arrange these windows as Vertically,
Horizontally or in Cascade mode, then we can do this job by pressing Windows option
from menu and selecting Vertical or Horizontal or Cascade.
Vertical windows
Horizontal windows
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Cascade windows
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5. REPORTS
Types of Reports
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Domestic Fares
Domestic Reservation
International Fares
International Reservation
Cancelled Reservation
Reservation By Date
Reprint Ticket
DOMESTIC FARES REPORT
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DOMESTIC RESERVATION REPORT
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INTERNATIONAL FARES REPORT
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INTERNATIONAL RESERVATION REPORT
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CANCELLED RESERVATION REPORT
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RESERVATION BY DATE REPORT
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REPRINT TICKET REPORT
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ABOUT US
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TESTING
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The purpose of system testing is to identify and correct errors in the new system. Testing is
an important phase of system development life cycle.
System testing was conducted in order to detect errors and for comparing then the final
system with the requirement specification reports, i.e. whether the system meets
requirements. During testing the software was executed with the set of test cases and
the output of programs for the test cases was evaluated to determine if the program is
performing as it was expected to.
Testing presents an interesting challenge for the software engineers attempt to build
software from an abstract concept to an acceptable implementation. In testing
engineer create a series of test cases that occurs when errors are uncovered. Testing
is the process of executing a program for finding errors. A good test is one that has
the high probability of finding an uncovered error. A successful error is one that
uncovers undiscovered errors.
There are two methods for testing:
1. White Box Testing
2. Black Box Testing
WHITE BOX TESTING
White box testing of software is predicate on close examination of procedural details.
Logical paths through the software are tested by providing test cases that exercise specific
set of conditions and loops.
BLACK BOX TESTING
Black box tests are performed to access how well a program meets its requirements,looking for incorrect or missing functionality. Functional tests typically exercise code with
valid or nearly valid input for which the expected output is known. This includes concepts
such as boundary values.
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BIBLOGRAPHY
These are some of the text material that I have referred during the course of our application
development. Besides I have also referred notes from various other books and explored the
internet for the same.
Books Referred
1. System Analysis and Design Puneet Wadhwa
2. Programming in Visual Basic Gabriel Oancea
3. Visual Basic Projects Somma Dassgupta
Sites Referred
1. http://www.w3schools.com
2. http://www.kidware.com
3. http://www.scribd.com
4. http://en.wikipedia.org
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SPECIAL THANKS
It is my proud to express our heart felt gratitude to our H.O.D ofCSE Department Er.
Balkrishan at College of Engineering and Management, Kapurthala for giving me
suggestions regarding the project. I also thanks to the Project Guide Mr. Jatinder Singh
(NIIT Sr. Faculty) under whose guidance the project is carried out successfully.
I also give special thanks to all the lecturers of College of Engineering and Management
for giving me chance to develop a project. They helped me in almost every field of study.
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