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Alabama’s Biodiversity
• Alabama leads the nation in freshwater biodiversity
• Alabama has the 5th most diversity overall in the nation
• Unfortunately, Alabama is 2nd in the number of taxa lost to extinction (Hawaii is #1)
• Alabama is 4th in number of at-risk taxa
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Alabama Wildlife Species Status
• Extirpated/Conservation Action Underway
• Priority 1/Highest Conservation Status –
• Priority 2/High Conservation Status –
• Priority 3/Moderate Conservation Status –
• Priority 4/Low Conservation Concern –
• Priority 5/Lowest Conservation Concern –
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Biodiversity Rankings
Rank Diversity Risk Endemism Extinction
1 California Hawaii California Hawaii
2 Texas California Hawaii Alabama
3 Arizona Nevada Texas California
4 New Mexico Alabama Florida Texas
5 Alabama Utah Utah Georgia
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Rank by OrganismRank Plants Mammals Birds Reptiles Amphibians Fishes
1 California California Texas Texas North Carolina Alabama
2 Texas Texas New Mexico
Arizona Georgia Tennessee
3 Arizona New Mexico Arizona New Mexico
Virginia Georgia
4 New Mexico
Oregon California Florida Tennessee Kentucky
5 Oregon Arizona Florida California Texas Mississippi
Citation:Bruce A. Stein. 2002. States of the Union: RankingBiodiversity. Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe.
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Class AL species Extinct Extirpated Priority 1 Priority 2 Priority 3 Total (% Imperiled) ______________________________________________________________________________________ Bivalvia 173 (11) 27 (9) 22 51 (2) 17 (0) 25 117 (68%)
14 E, 1 T 22 E, 1 T 1 E, 4 T 43 listed Gastropoda 174 (102) 42 (37) 4 15 (11) 13 (8) 71 74 (43%)
7 E, 1T 1 T 9 listed “Fishes” 317 (18) 2 (1) 9 21 (8) 26 (4) 33 58 (18%)
1 T 7 E, 4 T 2 T 14 listed Aves 420, 178 breed (0) 3 (0) 2 7 (0) 19 (0) 53 31 (7 %)
1 E 1 E 1 E 3 listed Reptilia 93 (2) 0 (0) 0 9 (1) 17 (1) 18 26 (28%)
4 E, 2 T 2 T 8 listed Mammalia 64 (1) 0 (0) 4 7 (1) 13 (0) 11 24 (38%)
2 E 5 E 7 listed Amphibia 73 (2) 0 (0) 0 6 (0) 8 (2) 11 14 (19%) 1 E 1 T 2 listed Crayfishes 74 12 T & E ______________________________________________________________________________________ (XX) is number of species endemic to Alabama or, for extinct snails, to Mobile Basin.
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Alabama Wildlife Species Status
• Extinct – taxa that historically occurred in Alabama, but are no longer alive anywhere within their former distribution
• Extirpated – taxa that historically occurred in Alabama, but are no now absent; may be rediscovered in the state, or be reintroduced from populations existing outside the state
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Reasons for Alabama’s Reasons for Alabama’s BiodiversityBiodiversity
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Reasons for Alabama’s Reasons for Alabama’s BiodiversityBiodiversity
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Alabama River DrainagesAlabama River Drainages
• Tennessee River DrainageTennessee River Drainage• Mobile River DrainageMobile River Drainage• Gulf of Mexico DrainageGulf of Mexico Drainage
- Pascagoula River (Escatawpa)- Pascagoula River (Escatawpa)- Florida Panhandle rivers (Perdido - Florida Panhandle rivers (Perdido
to to ChoctawhatcheeChoctawhatchee- Appalachicola River (Chipola & - Appalachicola River (Chipola &
ChattahoocheeChattahoochee
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Physiographic ProvincesPhysiographic Provinces
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Reasons for Alabma’s BiodiversityReasons for Alabma’s Biodiversity
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Reasons for Alabama’s Reasons for Alabama’s BiodiversityBiodiversity
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Reasons Why Alabama’s Reasons Why Alabama’s Biodiversity is ImperiledBiodiversity is Imperiled
• DamsDams
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Reasons Why Alabama’s Reasons Why Alabama’s Biodiversity is ImperiledBiodiversity is Imperiled
• SedimentationSedimentation
Turkey CreekJefferson Co., AL
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Reasons Why Alabama’s Reasons Why Alabama’s Biodiversity is ImperiledBiodiversity is Imperiled
PollutionPollution
Unnamed tributary to Turkey CreekJefferson Co., AL
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Reasons Why Alabama’s Reasons Why Alabama’s Biodiversity is ImperiledBiodiversity is Imperiled
Habitat alteration and destructionHabitat alteration and destruction Environmental ContaminantsEnvironmental Contaminants Invasive SpeciesInvasive Species DiseaseDisease ExploitationExploitation
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Cave Crayfish – Orconectes austalis
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Alabama Cave ShrimpPalaemonias alabamae
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Alabama Cave Shrimp Distribution
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Hering Cave
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Hering Cave
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Alabama CavefishSpeoplatyrhinus poulsoni
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Typhlichthys subterraneusSpeoplatyrhinus poulsoni
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Tuscumbia Cave ShrimpPalaemonias sp cf. alabamae
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Tuscumbia Cave ShrimpPalaemonias sp cf. alabamae
Alabama Cave ShrimpPalaemonias alabamae
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Hering Cave
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Limrock Blowing Cave
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Cave Crayfish – Orconectes australis
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