American ExpansionAmerican Expansion1787-18611787-1861
America establishes its America establishes its boundariesboundaries
On map, label year of statehood on every state.On map, label year of statehood on every state.
Write the below underlined material on top right corner Write the below underlined material on top right corner
of map. of map. Factors affecting Factors affecting westward expansionwestward expansion Geographic and economic factors that Geographic and economic factors that
influenced westward movementinfluenced westward movement– Population growth in the eastern statesPopulation growth in the eastern states– Availability of cheap, fertile landAvailability of cheap, fertile land– Economic opportunity, e.g., gold (California Gold Economic opportunity, e.g., gold (California Gold
Rush), logging, farming, freedom (for runaway Rush), logging, farming, freedom (for runaway slaves)slaves)
– Cheaper and faster transportation, e.g., rivers and Cheaper and faster transportation, e.g., rivers and canals (Erie Canal), steamboatscanals (Erie Canal), steamboats
– Knowledge of overland trails (Oregon and Santa Fe)Knowledge of overland trails (Oregon and Santa Fe)– Belief in the right of “Manifest Destiny”—The idea Belief in the right of “Manifest Destiny”—The idea
that expansion was for the good of the country and that expansion was for the good of the country and was the right of the country (US WOULD STRETCH was the right of the country (US WOULD STRETCH FROM ATLANTIC TO PACIFIC!!!!)FROM ATLANTIC TO PACIFIC!!!!)
American ExpansionAmerican Expansion
NEw territories added NEw territories added to the United States to the United States
after 1787after 1787
Put above title in Center above Put above title in Center above map.map.
Fill in underlined material on first fold of Westward Expansion Fill in underlined material on first fold of Westward Expansion Paper Paper
Northwest OrdinanceNorthwest Ordinance Established an orderly procedure/set Established an orderly procedure/set
of principles for region to achieve of principles for region to achieve statehood.statehood.
– Westward Migration (unlimited opportunity for Westward Migration (unlimited opportunity for settlement of farms & towns)settlement of farms & towns)
– Slavery- no slavery; every time we add a state, Slavery- no slavery; every time we add a state, issue of slavery comes upissue of slavery comes up
– Public Education- set aside land for public Public Education- set aside land for public schools, began trend for public educationschools, began trend for public education
– Additon of new states: sets up a procedure for Additon of new states: sets up a procedure for becoming a new statesbecoming a new states
Wisconsin, Michigan, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Ohio, & IndianaIllinois, Ohio, & Indiana
Color these states red & Color these states red & label NW Territory… label NW Territory… Pinstripe red lines for Pinstripe red lines for Colonial America. Create Colonial America. Create a Color Key at bottom of a Color Key at bottom of map. map.
Decide if the South favored the Decide if the South favored the Northwest Ordinance.Northwest Ordinance.
Decide why Dr. Page would favor Decide why Dr. Page would favor the Northwest Ordinance.the Northwest Ordinance.
Post-Revolutionary Post-Revolutionary AmericaAmerica
The Louisiana PurchaseThe Louisiana Purchase Jefferson thought about fighting Spanish for Jefferson thought about fighting Spanish for
Louisiana region, but then France overtook Louisiana region, but then France overtook region….Jefferson didn’t want to fight region….Jefferson didn’t want to fight Napolean, so offered to buy property…Napolean, so offered to buy property…Napolean needed the cash to fight war in Napolean needed the cash to fight war in EuropeEurope
Jefferson bought land from Napolean of Jefferson bought land from Napolean of
FranceFrance (the Louisiana Purchase) (the Louisiana Purchase) Doubled the size of the United Doubled the size of the United
States.States.
$15 million$15 million
In the Lewis and Clark expedition, In the Lewis and Clark expedition, Meriwether Lewis and William Clark Meriwether Lewis and William Clark explored the Louisiana Purchase explored the Louisiana Purchase from the Mississippi River to the from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean.Pacific Ocean.
Corps of Discovery: 28 months, 8000 miles to Corps of Discovery: 28 months, 8000 miles to PacificPacific
Sacagawea, Shoshone, saved them. Sacagawea, Shoshone, saved them. MAJOR GOAL: Learn about Geography, natural MAJOR GOAL: Learn about Geography, natural
resources, animals & plantsresources, animals & plants Make contact with , in a nice way, Native Make contact with , in a nice way, Native
AmericansAmericans Search for a water route to Pacific Search for a water route to Pacific
Draw in Outward Journey of Lewis & Clark Draw in Outward Journey of Lewis & Clark Expedition in dark pen or marker & label on map Expedition in dark pen or marker & label on map with a key on bottom. Start in St. Louis, label St. with a key on bottom. Start in St. Louis, label St. Louis, & draw a small arch.Louis, & draw a small arch.
Color in the Louisiana Purchase light Color in the Louisiana Purchase light green (following the lightly lined states green (following the lightly lined states underneath) & label Louisiana Purchase.underneath) & label Louisiana Purchase.
War of 1812War of 1812
Why it matters? Why it matters?
– It ushered in a spirit of Nationalism It ushered in a spirit of Nationalism in the U.S., that expanded trade & in the U.S., that expanded trade & westward movement!westward movement!
What caused the War of 1812?What caused the War of 1812?– 1. British Confiscated American merchant ships
1. British Confiscated American merchant ships– 2. British impressed (captured & forced into their
2. British impressed (captured & forced into their Navy) American sailorsNavy) American sailors
– 3. Battle with Native Americans in West3. Battle with Native Americans in West Led by Tecumseh, fought against American
Led by Tecumseh, fought against American expansion into the Westexpansion into the West
– 4. War Hawks (strong nationalists) called for war
4. War Hawks (strong nationalists) called for war to restore America’s Honor (failed embargos…
to restore America’s Honor (failed embargos…blame Brit)blame Brit) Calhoun of SCCalhoun of SC Henry Clay of KYHenry Clay of KY
Humiliated by British interference Humiliated by British interference with American trade, with American trade, impressments, & support for impressments, & support for Indian attacks on settlers, USA Indian attacks on settlers, USA heads to war…again with our tiny heads to war…again with our tiny army & small navy we go back to army & small navy we go back to war with our ex-girlfirend, war with our ex-girlfirend, Britian…Britian…
What were the EVENTS of the War What were the EVENTS of the War of 1812?of 1812? 1. Failed invasion of Canad1. Failed invasion of Canada (Jefferson got this a (Jefferson got this
one wrong)one wrong) 2. The little American Navy faired pretty well 2. The little American Navy faired pretty well (to (to
the surprise of everyone)the surprise of everyone) 3. Andrew Jackson defeats native Americans in 3. Andrew Jackson defeats native Americans in
Alabama & Florida, getting PensacolaAlabama & Florida, getting Pensacola…PC here …PC here we come…Say thanks to A. Jackson!we come…Say thanks to A. Jackson!
4. Burning of the White House 4. Burning of the White House 5. Poem by Francis Scott Key….”Oh, say can you 5. Poem by Francis Scott Key….”Oh, say can you
see”see” 6. A. Jackson victorious for US at the Battle of 6. A. Jackson victorious for US at the Battle of
New Orleans New Orleans (71 Americans die compared to (71 Americans die compared to 2036 British)….Mardi Gras here we come!2036 British)….Mardi Gras here we come!
7. Treaty of Ghent signed too late.7. Treaty of Ghent signed too late.
EFFECTS of the War of EFFECTS of the War of 18121812
1. No change in territory1. No change in territory 2. No formal statement on the 2. No formal statement on the
issue of impressmentsissue of impressments 3. Temporarily ended Indian 3. Temporarily ended Indian
resistance east of Miss. Riverresistance east of Miss. River 4. America is 4. America is
unified….NATIONALISM!unified….NATIONALISM!
Other TerritoriesOther Territories Convention of 1818- .Convention of 1818- . As a further follow-up to the As a further follow-up to the
Treaty of Ghent U.S. & Britain decide:Treaty of Ghent U.S. & Britain decide:
– 3 Major decisions:3 Major decisions: 1. Part of Minnesota & North Dakota 1. Part of Minnesota & North Dakota
(Part of Louisiana Territory(Part of Louisiana Territory 2. Fishing Rights 2. Fishing Rights 3. Joint Occupation of Oregon3. Joint Occupation of Oregon
Shade in the Northern part of Minnesota Shade in the Northern part of Minnesota & North Dakota brown & label & North Dakota brown & label Convention of 1818Convention of 1818
Other TerritoriesOther Territories Adams-Onís TreatyAdams-Onís Treaty : : Secretary of State John Secretary of State John
Quincy Adams and Spanish minister to Quincy Adams and Spanish minister to Washington Luis de Onís Washington Luis de Onís addressed two major addressed two major problems: Georgians want to end problems: Georgians want to end Seminole raids, raids, and the Spanish wanted to clearly define the and the Spanish wanted to clearly define the boundary between Mexico and the boundary between Mexico and the Louisiana Purchase. . – Spain was not in a strong bargaining position since many Spain was not in a strong bargaining position since many
of its colonies were in open revolt. This weakness of its colonies were in open revolt. This weakness brought favorable terms to the United States. Major brought favorable terms to the United States. Major provisions included: provisions included:
Florida, parts of Alabama & Mississipi & part of Oregon north to Florida, parts of Alabama & Mississipi & part of Oregon north to 42degrees42degrees
Color Florida & Southern part of AL & MS light blue & label Color Florida & Southern part of AL & MS light blue & label Adams-Onis Treaty & put on color key.Adams-Onis Treaty & put on color key.
USA IS TALKING BIG! SUPERPOWER HERE WE USA IS TALKING BIG! SUPERPOWER HERE WE COME.COME.Write this term & def on bottom of map side.Write this term & def on bottom of map side.
Monroe DoctrineMonroe Doctrine In 1823, President James Monroe issued the In 1823, President James Monroe issued the
MONROE DOCTRINE. It put Europe on notice that MONROE DOCTRINE. It put Europe on notice that the USA wouldn’t tolerate any additional European the USA wouldn’t tolerate any additional European colonies in North America. colonies in North America. – Although, we did not have the military might to back it Although, we did not have the military might to back it
up, it became the basis for the US foreign policy in the up, it became the basis for the US foreign policy in the Western Hemisphere.Western Hemisphere.
– MAIN PURPOSE: KEEP EUROPE MAIN PURPOSE: KEEP EUROPE OUT OF THE WESTERN OUT OF THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE!!!HEMISPHERE!!!
Other TerritoriesOther TerritoriesHow did the revolution in Texas lead to a war with How did the revolution in Texas lead to a war with Mexico?Mexico?
Mexican Province of Texas most Mexican Province of Texas most vulnerable to American vulnerable to American Expansion. Why?Expansion. Why?– Closest to U.S.Closest to U.S.
– Small population of Hispanics, TejanosSmall population of Hispanics, Tejanos
– Mexico decides to combat expansion, by Mexico decides to combat expansion, by welcoming American emigrants if they welcoming American emigrants if they converted to Catholicism, No Slaves, & converted to Catholicism, No Slaves, & bought land….36,000 American did this…bought land….36,000 American did this…good at first, but then went sourgood at first, but then went sour
Things go sour in Texas & the Texans revolt from Things go sour in Texas & the Texans revolt from MexicoMexico
Lone Star Republic, “Remember the Alamo”, Lone Star Republic, “Remember the Alamo”, LedLed
by Sam Houston, Texas wins indepence, & by Sam Houston, Texas wins indepence, & Soon Soon asked to be annexed by U.S.asked to be annexed by U.S.
Annexation of Texas in Annexation of Texas in 1845-1845-– Texas gains their independence from Texas gains their independence from
Mexico & becomes a state after winning Mexico & becomes a state after winning Texas War of Independence.Texas War of Independence.
Enters as a slave state….ugh.Enters as a slave state….ugh.
– Color Southern portion of Texas yellow and Color Southern portion of Texas yellow and label on color key. label on color key.
Oregon-Oregon-– To win presidency, James Polk who To win presidency, James Polk who
wanted to annex Texas, could only wanted to annex Texas, could only get northern support if he promised get northern support if he promised to annex Oregon as a non-slave to annex Oregon as a non-slave state to appease the North….state to appease the North….to to avoid war with two countries, avoid war with two countries, England & Mexico, Polk made a deal England & Mexico, Polk made a deal with Britain to split Oregon on 49with Britain to split Oregon on 49thth parallel…ticked off northparallel…ticked off north
Final Seventh Block….Final Seventh Block….
– Mexican Cession, 1848, Mexican Cession, 1848, US defeats US defeats Mexico & wins Mexican Mexico & wins Mexican war…we’ll leave war…we’ll leave Mexico City, but get California, New Mexico City, but get California, New Mexico…Mexico…
– Gadsen Purchase, 1853, US Buys land Gadsen Purchase, 1853, US Buys land from Mexico for $10million…to make a from Mexico for $10million…to make a trans-contintental railroad from ocean to trans-contintental railroad from ocean to oceanocean
Copy map & color Oregon dk blue & label on Copy map & color Oregon dk blue & label on map & color key & color Cali area orange & map & color key & color Cali area orange & label on maplabel on map
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/US_states_by_date_of_statehood.gif&imgrefurl=http://US_states_by_date_of_statehood.gif&imgrefurl=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US_states_by_date_of_statehood.gif&usg=__I1ban7574NFile:US_states_by_date_of_statehood.gif&usg=__I1ban7574NrCd4XUcNx5gdEQYnA=&h=595&w=795&sz=109&hl=en&strCd4XUcNx5gdEQYnA=&h=595&w=795&sz=109&hl=en&start=1&sig2=b2dYkrGKub8mU8QxthAkNg&zoom=1&um=1&art=1&sig2=b2dYkrGKub8mU8QxthAkNg&zoom=1&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=O3BOLxtgYVoOZM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=143&pitbs=1&tbnid=O3BOLxtgYVoOZM:&tbnh=107&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dstatehood%2Bby%2Bdate%26umrev=/images%3Fq%3Dstatehood%2Bby%2Bdate%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=n4uJTPS8JIOC8gbsmJFY%3Disch:1&ei=n4uJTPS8JIOC8gbsmJFY
AGAIN>>>WHY GO WEST? AGAIN>>>WHY GO WEST? Factors affecting westward Factors affecting westward
expansionexpansion Geographic and economic factors that Geographic and economic factors that
influenced westward movementinfluenced westward movement– Population growth in the eastern statesPopulation growth in the eastern states– Availability of cheap, fertile landAvailability of cheap, fertile land– Economic opportunity, e.g., gold (California Gold Economic opportunity, e.g., gold (California Gold
Rush), logging, farming, freedom (for runaway Rush), logging, farming, freedom (for runaway slaves)slaves)
– Cheaper and faster transportation, e.g., rivers and Cheaper and faster transportation, e.g., rivers and canals (Erie Canal), steamboatscanals (Erie Canal), steamboats
– Knowledge of overland trails (Oregon and Santa Fe)Knowledge of overland trails (Oregon and Santa Fe)– Belief in the right of “Manifest Destiny”—The idea Belief in the right of “Manifest Destiny”—The idea
that expansion was for the good of the country and that expansion was for the good of the country and was the right of the country was the right of the country
NW Ordinance lets Americans go west!NW Ordinance lets Americans go west!
No to slaves, yes to school & statehood is the best.No to slaves, yes to school & statehood is the best.
Louisiana Purchase doubles our size for a cool $15 mill, Louisiana Purchase doubles our size for a cool $15 mill,
now the French have nowhere in the bayou they can eat gumbo & chill.now the French have nowhere in the bayou they can eat gumbo & chill.
Convention of 1818 comes after 1812, where Brit & US were dishin, Convention of 1818 comes after 1812, where Brit & US were dishin,
now they settled some Minnesota land so Americans can go fishin’now they settled some Minnesota land so Americans can go fishin’
Adams-Onis means spring break & lets Americans head to PCAdams-Onis means spring break & lets Americans head to PC
JQ Adams got the beach from Spain & that’s how Florida came to be.JQ Adams got the beach from Spain & that’s how Florida came to be.
Polk gets elected if he goes for Oregon & no slaves & Texas, slaves are Polk gets elected if he goes for Oregon & no slaves & Texas, slaves are swell, swell,
To avoid war with Britain, he splits Oregon on the 49To avoid war with Britain, he splits Oregon on the 49 thth parallel… parallel…
Houston leads the Lonestar to become a state, leading America into war Houston leads the Lonestar to become a state, leading America into war with Mexico, but Snoop & Katy & Cali will soon be our fate…with Mexico, but Snoop & Katy & Cali will soon be our fate…
Reform MovementsReform Movements
Goal by AbolitionistsGoal by Abolitionists
Abolitionist movementAbolitionist movement– Free slaves b/c it was morally Free slaves b/c it was morally
wrong, cruel & inhumane and it wrong, cruel & inhumane and it violates democracyviolates democracy
People of the People of the MovementMovement
Harriet TubmanHarriet Tubman
Supported the Supported the secret route, or secret route, or Underground Underground Railroad, that Railroad, that helped escaped helped escaped southern slaves southern slaves to reach to reach northern free northern free states.states.
Frederick DouglassFrederick Douglass
Former SlaveFormer Slave Escaped slavery Escaped slavery
and became an and became an abolitionist.abolitionist.
Isabel Sojourner TruthIsabel Sojourner Truth
Suffragist and Suffragist and AbolitionistAbolitionist
Was born a slave Was born a slave and and worked for equal rights worked for equal rights for women as well as for women as well as for the end of slaveryfor the end of slavery
William Lloyd GarrisonWilliam Lloyd Garrison
Abolitionist leaderAbolitionist leader Believed that slavery Believed that slavery
was immoral and was immoral and demanded that slaves demanded that slaves be immediately freedbe immediately freed
Impact:Impact:
Made Americans address the Made Americans address the issue of slavery….couldn’t brush issue of slavery….couldn’t brush off the topic or ignore it any off the topic or ignore it any longer….comes to a head leading longer….comes to a head leading to the Civil War over States’ to the Civil War over States’ Rights & 10Rights & 10thth Amendment Amendment
Women’s MovementWomen’s Movement GOAL: GOAL:
Suffrage movementSuffrage movement– Supporters declared that “All men and Supporters declared that “All men and
women are created equal.”women are created equal.”– Supporters believed that women were Supporters believed that women were
deprived of basic rights.deprived of basic rights. Denied the right to vote, educational Denied the right to vote, educational
opportunitesopportunites Denied equal opportunities in Denied equal opportunities in
businessbusiness Limited in rights to own property Limited in rights to own property
Susan B. AnthonySusan B. Anthony
Supporter of the Supporter of the suffrage movementsuffrage movement
Declared that women Declared that women and men are entitled and men are entitled to the same rights in to the same rights in all areas of lifeall areas of life, , including the right to including the right to vote and own vote and own propertyproperty
Isabel Sojourner TruthIsabel Sojourner Truth
Suffragist and Suffragist and AbolitionistAbolitionist
Was born a slave and Was born a slave and worked for equal rights worked for equal rights for womenfor women as well as as well as for the end of slaveryfor the end of slavery
Elizabeth Cady StantonElizabeth Cady Stanton
Leader of the Leader of the Suffrage Suffrage MovementMovement
Worked closely Worked closely with Susan B. with Susan B. AnthonyAnthony
Wrote The Wrote The Seneca Falls Declaration
Temperance Temperance MovementMovement Goal-Goal-
– End alcohol abuse & all End alcohol abuse & all problems associated with problems associated with alcohol abusealcohol abuse
– They believed drinking alcohol They believed drinking alcohol leads to violence, crime, leads to violence, crime, sickness & neglected familiessickness & neglected families
Important People Important People Temperance Temperance MovementMovement
Pro-Prohibition- ban alcohol Pro-Prohibition- ban alcohol altogetheraltogether
Pro-Moderation- restrict alcohol, Pro-Moderation- restrict alcohol, drink in moderationdrink in moderation
Neal Dow- “Maine Law”, first to Neal Dow- “Maine Law”, first to restrict alcohol salesrestrict alcohol sales
Impact of Temperance Impact of Temperance MovementMovement
Laws/ restrictions on alcoholLaws/ restrictions on alcohol– Drinking ageDrinking age– No sales on Sunday in GANo sales on Sunday in GA
Transcendentalist Transcendentalist MovementMovement Goal-Goal- Developed new way to look at Developed new way to look at
humanityhumanity Listen to nature, not religious Listen to nature, not religious
doctrinedoctrine
TranscendentalistsTranscendentalists
Ralph Waldo Emerson- Wrote Ralph Waldo Emerson- Wrote “The Dial”“The Dial”
Henry David Thoreau- defended Henry David Thoreau- defended civil disobedience, if it goes civil disobedience, if it goes against conscience, it is ok to against conscience, it is ok to break the lawbreak the law
Impact of Impact of TranscendentalismTranscendentalism Inspiration to later leaders who Inspiration to later leaders who
fought for civil rights around the fought for civil rights around the world, including MLK, Jr.world, including MLK, Jr.
Utopian SocietiesUtopian Societies
Goal- Distance themselves from Goal- Distance themselves from society by setting up communities society by setting up communities based on unusual ways of sharing based on unusual ways of sharing property, labor, & familyproperty, labor, & family
Utopian GroupsUtopian Groups
Brookfarm- Robert Owen- People Brookfarm- Robert Owen- People of different backgrounds work of different backgrounds work togethertogether
Shakers- No children, men & Shakers- No children, men & women live separately, create women live separately, create well-made furniturewell-made furniture
Impact-Impact- Shaker’s created high Shaker’s created high quality crafts & farm producequality crafts & farm produce
Jacksonian DemocracyJacksonian Democracy
Andrew Jackson….Where did Andrew Jackson….Where did we hear about him?we hear about him?
Served as President Served as President
from 1829-1837from 1829-1837
A. PRESIDENT A. PRESIDENT JACKSONJACKSON 1828-1836 1828-1836
1.1. BACKGROUNDBACKGROUNDa. Born poor and became a rich mana. Born poor and became a rich man
b. 1b. 1stst President since George Washington President since George Washington
who didn’t go to collegewho didn’t go to college
c. Hero of the Battle of New Orleansc. Hero of the Battle of New Orleans
Expanded Power of Expanded Power of President President (Executive (Executive
Branch)Branch) How?How?
– Encouragement of all social Encouragement of all social classes (rich & poor) to classes (rich & poor) to have power to votehave power to vote
– Defied Supreme Court & Defied Supreme Court & removed Cherokee Indians removed Cherokee Indians from GA even after told no from GA even after told no (Trail of Tears was (Trail of Tears was forbidden by Supreme forbidden by Supreme Court)Court)
Expanded Power of Expanded Power of President President (Executive (Executive
Branch)Branch) The policy was upheld by the The policy was upheld by the
Supreme Court in the case of Supreme Court in the case of Cherokee Nation Cherokee Nation v. v. State of State of GeorgiaGeorgia, but, when Chief Justice , but, when Chief Justice John Marshall ruled in John Marshall ruled in Worcester Worcester v. v. Georgia Georgia that the Indians that the Indians retained certain rights in their retained certain rights in their own lands, Jackson is said to own lands, Jackson is said to have retorted, “John Marshall have retorted, “John Marshall has made his decision, now let has made his decision, now let him enforce it.”him enforce it.”
Jackson- expanding his power Jackson- expanding his power cont.cont.
Spoils System- Political Spoils System- Political support=jobs in the support=jobs in the government (fishy)government (fishy)
Force Bill- Jackson Force Bill- Jackson had the right to use had the right to use force to enforce force to enforce Federal laws…big with Federal laws…big with South & States’ rights!South & States’ rights!