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Dr Joe WoodSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Birmingham, UK
Amine Grafted Adsorbents for Efficient CO2 Capture
Midlands Energy Consortium International Showcase 5th October 2011
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Overview Step-change Adsorbents For Carbon Capture
Nottingham, Birmingham, UCL, Liverpool. Sponsors EPSRC & E.ON
Post-combustion capture Hydrotalcite clays Amine grafting TGA studies of CO2 uptake
Next Generation of Activated Carbon Adsorbents for the Pre-Combustion Capture of CO2 UK-China CCS Call
Nottingham, Birmingham, UCL, Warwick, Tsinghua Universities, Chinese Inst. Coal Chemistry. UK Sponsor EPSRC
Pre-combustion capture CO2 breakthrough curves gProms modelling
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Post-Combustion TechnologyAbsorption in to liquid amines Hydrotalcite solid adsorbent
Moving bed adsorption schematic
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Step Change Adsorbents for Carbon Dioxide Capture Aim: To develop advanced adsorbents capable of
capturing > 3 mmol/g CO2
Adsorbents should also have desirable kinetics, stability and ability to be regenerated
Performance Parameter TargetOperating Temperature (C)
: adsorption 40 – 60 C: desorption 85 – 140 C
Cyclic capacity >3 mmol g-1
Rate of adsorption Order of secondsOperating pressure 1015 mbarPressure drop of capture plant Ideally < 2 psiCO2 product purity >95 %CO2 capture (of total emissions) >80 %
Proposed operating conditions for capture plant based on a temperature swing adsorption process (Drage et al, J. Materials Chem 2011).
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Hydrotalcite Clays
•Hydroxycarbonate of Mg and Al•Brucite (Mg(OH)2) layers•Mg2+ ions substituted by other metals•(CO3)2- ions in the interlayer
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Improved exfoliation method
TolueneUS
90oC,24h
Adding certain amount of water (eg. 0.3ml/g)
Brucite like layer
Mg2+ or Al3+
OH
Si
NH2
Dodecyl sulfate
Harlick, P. and Sayari, A. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2007, 46, 446-458.
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Different Types of Aminosilanes
(3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (N1)
N-(2-Aminoethyl-3-aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane (N2)
N-3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl) diethylenetriamine (N3)
Si
O
OO
NH2
Si
O
OO
NH
NH2
Si
O
OO
NH
NHNH2
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CO2 Adsorption by TGA
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.086
88
90
92
94
96
98
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
MassTemp.
Time (min)
Mas
s (%
)
Tem
p (o
C)
Switch from N2 to CO2
CO2 adsorbed
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Samples Prepared With Water –CO2 adsorption at 80 oC
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.450.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
N1N2N3
Water content (ml/g)
CO
2 up
take
(mm
ol/g
)
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Next Generation of Activated Carbon Adsorbents for Pre-Combustion CO2 capture
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Experimental Work
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Experimental Work
Cycle 1 adjusted by 20% and cycle 2 by 10%
Zeolite X adsorbent
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Equations Component Mass Balance
Adsorption rate equation
Approximated Langmuir equation
Assumptions Ideal gas law; Pressure drop by Darcy’s equation; Isothermal
operation; Bed in thermal equilibrium; No variation in radial direction
Modelling and Simulation
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Modelling and Simulation
Decreasing Bed Length
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Acknowledgements
EPSRC and E.ON Dr Jiawei Wang Dr Trevor Drage, Prof. Colin Snape and
STEPCAP project partners Simon Caldwell, Dr Bushra Al-Duri