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Presentation to the stakeholder workshop on intensive and selective breeding of colour variants, 2 December 2015
Dr. Andrew Taylor Dr. Harriet Davies-MostertWildlife Trade and Ranching Projects, EWT Head of Conservation Science, [email protected] [email protected]
An estimate of the scale of selective breeding of high value species and colour variants on private wildlife ranches in South Africa, including estimates of the levels of intensification
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The Endangered Wildlife Trust: MissionDedicated to conserving threatened species and ecosystems in
southern Africa to the benefit of all people.
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What land uses do you practise?
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Land use percentages
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Ecotourism Intensivebreeding
Live sales Trophyhunting
Biltonghunting
Culling
53%
45%
63%
49% 46%
36%
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Do you practise intensive breeding of high value species or colour variants?
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Extensive only55%
High value species only
22%
High value spp and colour
variants17%
Colour variants only 6%
Extensive vs. intensive breeding
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If you conduct intensive breeding, which species and varieties do you breed?
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High value species Colour variants
% occurrence on surveyed ranches 38% 23%
Total species/varieties 14 15
Median number per ranch 2 (Range: 1-5) 2 (Range: 1-7)
Most common species/varieties Sable 21%Buffalo 19%Nyala 12%Roan 7%
Black impala 15%Golden wildebeest 12%Black springbok 10%White blesbok 8%
Intensive breeding of high value species and colour variants
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If you keep colour variants, what do you use them for?
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Uses for colour variants
• Overall, 33% of surveyed ranchers keep colour variants
• 23% conduct intensive breeding with colour variants
– 100% sell or plan to sell live
– 11% sell colour variants to trophy hunters
• 10% keep colour variants extensively
– 32% sell colour variants to trophy hunters
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If you conduct intensive breeding, how many camps do you have and how big are they?
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Definition of an intensive breeding camp
A fenced-off area in which:
– All but one or a few species are excluded;
– Predators are excluded as much as possible;
– Supplementary food is provided on a regular basis;
– Water is provided;
– Veterinary care is provided.
There is no set definition for camp size
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Mean camp size on surveyed ranches (n=95) 111 ha
Median camp size (n=95) 50 ha
% intensification on surveyed ranches conducting intensive breeding (n=95)
10.9%
Extrapolated % intensification on all wildlife ranches
6.0%
Levels of intensification
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The EWTs position on colour variants
• Supports the sustainable use of natural resources, as long as it is conducted legally, ethically, sustainably and contributes to the conservation of biodiversity;
• Recognises that colour variants occur naturally in wild populations at very low densities;
• Recognises the legal status of breeding colour variants;
• Recognises the right and need for private wildlife ranchers to make a living from wildlife;
• Recognises the potential indirect contribution of colour variants to conservation if revenues are recirculated;
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The EWTs position on colour variants
• Concerned that, because there are few legitimate end-users (e.g. hunters and ecotourists), the only real option to make a profit will be to sell live animals. This requires more entrants into the market for colour variants, which will lead to increased intensification;
• Concerned that increased intensification will result in greater predator persecution;
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The EWTs position on colour variants
• Concerned that controlling which animals breed does not allow for natural evolutionary processes to occur, which may inhibit the adaptability of populations to changing environments;
• Concerned that colour variants (the animals themselves) do not make a direct contribution to biodiversity conservation.