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AN INITIAL STUDY INTO
MINE ACTION AND
IMPROVISED EXPLOSIVE DEVICES
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Purpose and Need
• Humanitarian imperative: Iraq,
Syria, Colombia
• Current humanitarian response
increasing
• Significant areas of uncertainty
• Operators
• Authorities
• Donors
• Requirement to review
Standards
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Explosive Hazards affecting
civilians
Landmines
Abandoned
Explosive Ordnance
IMAS IATG
Improvised
landmines
Unstable/Unmanaged
Ammunition Stores
Sub-munitions & other
Unexploded Ordnance
IIEDS?
Improvised
Explosive Devices
(ERW or Active)
EWIPA
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C-IED vs. IEDD
COUNTER
TERRORISM / INSURGENCY
C-IED
DEFEAT
DEVICE
ATTACK
NETWORK
PREPARE
FORCE
[HMA] IEDD
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Time delay Projected
Command Suicide (belts or VB)
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Victim Operated (Improvised Mines)
Pressure Plate Activated Mine
95% of devices found to date
by NGOs and commercial
operators in Iraq
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Victim Operated (Improvised Mines)
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Example Operating Spaces
for Disposal of VO-IED
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RCIED with mobile phone;
Active conflict zone
Conflict over
RCIED remains functional
Several years later
RCIED has aged
Blast cap non-functional
Mobile phone non-functional
Dynamic Context
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Western Mosul
February 2017
Western Mosul
February 2020?
Antioquia Colombia
2017 (10 year old)
Dynamic Context
?
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• Limitations of IED/IEDD language and terminology
• Stakeholder uncertainty exists on the topic
• Humanitarian IEDD mostly involves the application of the
same underlying management systems and principles as
in traditional HMA
• The IED environment is less forgiving
• Need to better define competence and equipment
requirements for IEDD
Key points from the Study
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• Diversity of IED designs and laying tactics in different
conflicts and post-conflict settings
• Security contexts change – IEDs change – tactics change
• Ageing of device
• Essence of top notch IM + information sharing learning
• Risk Management – constantly, using data and results of
analysis, across all aspects of operations
Principles for Consideration