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Page 1: Ancient athens

Ancient Athens

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Geography

• Athens is the capital and largest city in Greece• Athens is surrounded by mountains• Most are of limestone or marble, from which the buildings

of the city were constructed• The city is on the Ilissus River, which is dry for most of the

year and carries a lot of water only after winter storms• It rarely snows (usually every 3-4 years) and some rainfalls

might occur in Autumn• Athens has a typical Mediterranean climate, with hot, dry

Summers and mild Winters

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Map of Athens

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Demographic Information

• Population of about 3.5 million people• The ancient people believed in polytheism, or

the belief in more than one god or goddess, and each god mixed in importance and power

• Women had no rights at all and were only there to reproduce and to clean up after the men and manage the home

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Trade and Economy

• Food, raw materials, and manufactured goods were not only made available to them for the first time but the export of wine, olives, and pottery helped to spread Greek culture to the wider world

• As trading grew, Athenians reached markets all over the Mediterranean as well as in the far east, Egypt and Lydia

• A large part of the Athenian economy focused on cash crops for export and crafts; it had become a center of art and literature and the city became architecturally rich

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Types of Government

• Ancient Athens was the first known Democracy• The greatest and longest lasting democratic

leader was Pericles• Only in Athens, “rule by many” meant that all

citizens had to be willing to take an active part in the government

• Women, children, and slaves were not citizens, and so could not vote

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Cultural Elements

• Sports: Boxing, chariot riding, discus, javelin, jumping, running, wrestling

• Food: Olives, grapes, cheese, wheat, donkey, and fish

• Music was used for religious festivals, marriages, funerals, and banquet gathering

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Key Attractions

• Temple of Zeus: The Temple of the Olympian Zeus was the largest temple in Greece. It took almost seven centuries to complete the massive temple.

• Theater of Dionysus: As early as in 534 BC famous Greek tragedies and comedies were performed here

• First Cemetery of Athens: It was created in the early 19th century and contains the graves and tombs of some of the most notable Greek citizens

• Panathenaic Stadium: Originally built in the fourth century BC. After it had fallen into decay, it was rebuilt at the end of the nineteenth century as the main stadium for the first modern Olympic Games

• Acropolis: The temples on the sacred rock of the Acropolis, built at the end of the fifth century BC, are some of the world's most important buildings. They would influence the architecture of the Western World for more than two millennia.

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Bibliography

• http://edtech2.boisestate.edu/angelarutschke/502/virtualtour/housetour.html

• http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/grmu/hd_grmu.htm

• http://www.athensinfoguide.com/history.htm• http://www.nuuanu.k12.hi.us/G-1/public_ht

ml/websites/taylor/pages/religion.html• http://www.ask.com/question/ancient-athens

-food• http://www.ancientgreece.com/s/Art/

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