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Page 1: Ancient China Ancient History 10. Physical Features of China

Ancient China

Ancient History 10

Page 2: Ancient China Ancient History 10. Physical Features of China

Physical Features of China

Page 3: Ancient China Ancient History 10. Physical Features of China

Physical Features of China • China is the largest landmass in Asia • Today it has: 22 provinces, 4 municipalities and 5

autonomous regions.• Capital, Beijing.• The physical features highlight:

• Forest steppes.• Deserts (Gobi and Taklamakan).• Dry regions.• Subtropical forests.• Rugged, high altitudes.• Extensive mountain ranges.

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Mountain Ranges

Page 5: Ancient China Ancient History 10. Physical Features of China

Mountains in China

• China was composed of pockets of civilization. • The early people in China settled mostly along

the Yangtze River and Yellow River. • These early people were protected from the

rest of the world by many natural barriers. – One was the Himalayan Mountains.

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Mountains in China

• The Himalayan Mountains are not located in modern day China. They run along the border to the south. – Helped to protect from invasion.

• The Himalayan Mountains to the south are very rugged.

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Deserts in China

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The Taklamakan Desert• Referred to as Sea of Death. (2nd largest)• It has poisonous snakes, frequent sand

storms, boiling days, freezing nights, and intense water shortages.

• Bounded by the Kunlun Mountains and the desert Pamir Mountains

• 85% made up of shifting sand dunes

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Godi Desert in China

• One of the driest deserts in the world. • Gobi gets some water• It covers parts of northern and northwestern

China, and of southern Mongolia. • The desert basins of the Gobi are bounded by

the Altai Mountains, steppes of Mongolia and Tibetan Plateau.

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Plateau In China

• The Tibetan Plateau is surrounded by massive mountain ranges.

• The plateau is bordered to the south by the Himalayan range, Kunlun Range, Tarim Basin, and the Qilian Range.

• The Tibetan Plateau has an altitude that drops from around 5,000 metres (16,000 ft) to 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) in less than 150 kilometres.

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Page 12: Ancient China Ancient History 10. Physical Features of China

Manchurian Plain

• Manchuria, the northeastern • The area is roughly 1,165,000 km sq. • Manchuria is bordered by:• Mongolia• Russia • North Korea• Yellow Sea.

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Manchurian Plain

• Manchurian Plain, enclosed by heavily forested mountain ranges and hills.

• Climate has long, cold winters and short, warm to hot summers.

• Temperatures average about -18° C in January to 22° C in July.

• Precipitation normally totals 250 to 630 mm

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Page 15: Ancient China Ancient History 10. Physical Features of China

Tarim Basin

• Drained by the Tarim River in western China, • Covers about 906,500 square km and enclosed

by the mountains. • The climate is extremely dry since the

mountains block out moist air from the sea. • Annual rainfall is less than 4 inches

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Page 17: Ancient China Ancient History 10. Physical Features of China

Rivers in China

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Rivers in China

• Some of their natural features provided fertile soil and safe drinking water.

• China has two major river systems – • Yellow River (Huang He) and the Yangtze River

(Long River).

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Rivers in China

• The Yangtze (Long River) is the third longest river in the world.

• It is about 4000 miles long. • It floods each year and leaves

fertile soil along the banks. • The Yangtze River has high banks,

which keeps homes safe from the annual flooding.

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Rivers In China

• The Huang He (Yellow River) is about 3000 miles long.

• The banks along the Huang He River are low.

• Civilization in ancient China began along the Yellow River about 5000 years ago.

• Nickname "The Great Sorrow". (Reason = homes ruined)

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Climate in China

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