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ANCIENT GREECE1900-133 BCE
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Agenda
• Bellringer (10 min)• Circle Map (10 min)• Notes (30 min)• Letter (20 min)• Fall of Rome Video and
Questions (15 min)• Project (5 min)
• Everyday Bellringer Question
• Explain how the artifact you created/photographed/found is representative of one of the civilizations we studied yesterday.
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Greece and Rome
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Teacher Choice:As you go through the powerpoint, have the students fill out charts for
Greece and Rome. You may also take Cornell Notes.
SPRITE
Social
Political
Religious
International
Technology
Economics
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Greece GEOGRAPHY
• Mountain Ranges – protection & isolation• Seas – trade & expansion• Peninsulas – protection & trade• Islands – trade & expansion
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ATHENS• Early Athens was ruled by a king and later by an oligarchy.
• After a series of bad rulers, Athenians would unite and create a democracy.
• Democracy is governed by the people or rule of the many.
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SPARTA• ***Sparta was a military state governed by an oligarchy,
rule by the few.***
• Spartan men were bred to be warriors and nothing else.
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RELIGION
• The Greeks were polytheistic.
• In Greece, Gods were seen as unpredictable, cruel, and powerful.
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PHILOSOPHY• Philosophy is an organized
system of thought or “love of wisdom.”
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SOCRATES• Socrates – Believed that the
only goal in education was to improve the individual.
• He used the Socratic method, question and answer, to teach.
• “The unexamined life is not worth living.”
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PLATO• He believed that society should
be divided into three basic groups: an upper class of philosophers and kings, a second group of warriors, and a third group containing the rest.
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ARISTOTLE• Aristotle analyzed 158 states
and their governments and concluded that only three forms of government were truly effective: Monarchy, Aristocracy, Constitutional Government.
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ALEXANDER THE GREAT• Macedonian King 356-323
BCE.
• Only 20 years old when he became king.
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ALEXANDER’S LEGACY• Alexander took Syria,
Palestine, and Egypt, and the Persian Empire.
• ***Alexander’s conquests led to the Hellenistic Era where Greek language, architecture, literature, and art spread throughout the world.***
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Important Contributions from Greece
• Art• Democracy• Drama• Philosophy• Literature• The Olympics
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ALEXANDER’S EMPIRE
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Ancient Rome
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The Geography of Rome- Geography is Destiny
• Rome’s power grew due to its geography.
• Close to the sea and in the middle of Europe, it became the epicenter of Europe.
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The Roman Builders- All over the Empire
• Roads that still last• Aqueducts- bringing
water to every important city
• Forum- public area of the city- center- oration etc.
• Theaters- for entertainment- drama
• Coliseums- more fun, fights, gladiators, animals
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Early History
• Rome was founded in 753 B.C.
• In 509 B.C. Rome becomes a Republic (a government with no monarch and the people vote for their representatives)
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Twelve Tables
• In 451 B.C. Rome develops the Twelve Tables
• These laws influenced future generations greatly.
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Julius Caesar and the end of the RepublicIn 60 B.C., three men
named Pompey, Crassus and Julius Caesar formed an alliance known as the First Triumvirate.
• In 49 B.C., Caesar became Rome’s first dictator.
• Caesar was assassinated in 44 B.C.
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Terrible Rulers
• Caligula (37-41 A.D.) , Nero (54-68 A.D.), and other terrible rulers weakened the power of the Roman Empire.
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The Rise of Christianity
• Around 30 A.D. Jesus Christ is crucified.
• When Rome burns in 64 A.D., Nero blames Christians and they are persecuted for the next 200 years.
• Constantine becomes the first Christian Emperor of Rome.
• In 313 A.D., The Edict of Milan proclaimed official tolerance of Christianity.
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Christianity’s Core Beliefs
• One God.
• Jesus Christ is God’s son and the path to salvation.
• The Bible is the Holy book.
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Fall of Rome
• In 395 A.D., Rome divides itself in half (it got too big).
• In 476 A.D., the western half of the empire falls to the Visigoths.
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The Legacy of The Legacy of RomeRome
The Legacy of The Legacy of RomeRome Republic GovernmentRepublic Government
Roman LawRoman Law Latin Language-Spanish, Latin Language-Spanish,
Italian,FrenchItalian,French Roman Catholic ChurchRoman Catholic Church Roman EngineeringRoman Engineering
• AqueductsAqueducts• Sewage systemsSewage systems• DamsDams• CementCement• ArchArch
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Letter
• Christians were persecuted in Rome.
• Some Christians even died for their faith (martyrs).
• Create a letter from the perspective of an imprisoned martyr where you explain your faith to a captor OR create a letter from the point of view of the Romans.
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Fall of Rome
• Rome Video
• As you watch the video, answer the following two questions.
• 1. Why did Rome fall?• 2. What will be the consequences of Rome’s
fall?