Answer the following questions in complete sentences, in your science notebook:
1. Name at least 1 specific example of each type of mountain.
2. Name at least 1 specific example of a plateau in the US.
3. Name the two types of plains – give a specific example of each one.
4. What is another name for the Great Plains?
This ball was once a glowing massOf mixed and superheated gas,
Till it cooled to liquid, shrank in girth,Solidified and turned to earth.
For several thousand endless agesIt muddled through its early stages
Of heat, eruptions, floods, and quakesAnd other infant bellyaches.
Surviving all such pains and notions,
It settled down as land and oceans.
In eras that are known as “glacials”
The planet then got several facials-
Which filled its unbecoming dimples
And leveled off some rocky pimples.
If, sometimes, there’s a recrudescence,
It’s due, no doubt, to adolescence,
But in the main, we are now able
To say the Earth is fairly stable
And, in most geologic features,
Better balanced than its creatures.By Joseph S. Newman
* Recrudescence – return of a disease
Objectives: You will learn to discuss the differences
between plains and plateaus. You will learn to describe folded, upwarped,
fault-block, and volcanic mountains.
Do not copy the words
typed in this color
Plains Coastal Interior
Plateaus Mountains
Folded Upwarped Fault-block Volcanic
Large, flat areas, often found in the interior regions of
continents Have thick, fertile soils and abundant,
grassy meadows suitable for grazing
animals
Plains also are home to a variety of wildlife, including foxes, ground squirrels, and snakesWhen plains are found near the ocean, they’re called ______________
A coastal plain is often called a _________ because it is lower in elevation, or distance above sea level, than the land around it
This area has low rolling hills, swamps,
and marshes The ____________
_____________ is a good example of this
type of landform
How do coastal plains form?
Coastal plains form when sea level drops and the seafloor is exposed
The central portion of the United States is comprised largely of _______________
A large part of the interior plains is known as the ________________
It is a flat, grassy, dry area with few trees The ________________ are also referred to
as _______________
Do nowStudy vocab words on 1st pg of
packet
The world’s highest mountain peak is _________________ in the Himalayan Mts. — more than 8,800 m above sea level
4 types: folded upwarped fault- block volcanic
The ___________________________ and the ____________________ in Canada are comprised of folded rock layers
In _____________, the rock layers are folded like a rug that has been pushed up against a wall
Appalachian MountainsRocky Mountains
To form folded mountains, tremendous forces inside
Earth squeeze horizontal rock layers, causing
them to fold
The _________________________ in Colorado and New Mexico are
upwarped mountains
High peaks and sharp ridges are common to this type of mountain
southern Rocky Mtns.
Form when blocks of Earth’s crust are
pushed up by forces inside Earth
Made of huge, tilted blocks of rock that are
separated from surrounding
rock by faults
These ________ are large fractures in rock along which mostly vertical movement has occurred
When these mountains formed, one block was pushed up, while the adjacent block dropped
down This mountain-building process produces majestic
peaks and steep slopes
SAN ANDREAS FAULT
_____________________
_____________________
Begins to form when molten material reaches
the surface through a weak area of the crust
The deposited materials pile up, layer upon layer,
until a cone-shaped structure forms
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________
Flat, raised areas of land made up of nearly
horizontal rocks that have been uplifted by forces
within Earth They are different from
plains in that their ________ rise steeply
from the land around them
edges
1. ________ are large, flat landforms that are usually found in the interior region of a continent.
2. __________ are flat, raised areas of land with horizontal rocks that were uplifted.
3. _______________ form when horizontal rock layers are squeezed from opposite sides. ()
4. __________________ form when blocks of Earth’s crust are pushed up by forces inside Earth.
5. ___________________ form from huge, tilted blocks of rock that are separated by faults.
6. When molten material reaches Earth’s surface through a weak area, ____________ mountains begin to form.
7. Describe the difference between the formation of folded mountains and fault-block mountains.
Plains
Plateaus
Folded mtns
Upwarped mtns
Fault-block mtns
volcanic
Study for Quiz on 1.1 Monday!!!
In your notebooks, answer the following review questions in complete sentences:
1. What are the three basic types of landforms?
2. What are the three types of mountains?3. What are the three types of map
projections?4. What are topographic maps used for?
1. The imaginary line representing 0º longitude is the ______________.
2. What imaginary line separates Earth into the northern and southern hemispheres? ________
3. What is the transition line for calendar days called? ___________________
Prime Meridian
Equator
International Date Line
Objective: Compare and contrast map projections and
their uses. Analyze information from topographic,
geologic, and satellite maps.
Maps are models of ______ surface Scientists use _____ for various reasons
such as: locating various places and showing the distribution of various features or types of materials
Earth’smaps
A _____________ is made when points and lines on a globe’s surface are transferred onto _____
All types of projections _____ the shape/size of landmasses or their areas
paper
distort
3 types: _______________ _______________ _______________
Used mainly on ______ Project correct _______ of
continents, but the areas are distorted
Lines of _________ are projected onto the map parallel to each other
When longitude lines are projected as parallel, areas near the poles appear _______ than they are
shipsshapes
longitude
bigger
Shows accurate continent shapes and more accurate land areas
Lines of _________ curve just like on a globelongitude
Often are used to produce maps of
_____ areas Well suited for middle
latitude regions Road or ________
maps Made by projecting
points and lines from a globe onto a _____
small
weather
cone
Models the changes in ________ of Earth’s surface
Also indicate cultural features such as roads, cities, dams, and other structures built by people
elevation
A line on a map that connects points of ______ elevation
The difference in elevation between two side-by-side contour lines is
called a ________ _________
equal
contourinterval
In mountainous areas, the contour lines are ______ together
However, if the change in elevation is slight, the contour lines will be ________
Some contour lines, called ______ _________, are marked with their elevation
close
far apartindex
contours
The relationship between the distances on the ____ and distances on ______
________
mapEarth’s
surface
Explains what the ________ used on the map mean
symbols
Includes maps that have the same dimensions of _______ and ________latitude longitude
Show the arrangement and types of _____ at Earth’s surface
Using geologic maps and data collected from rock exposures, a geologist can infer how rock layers might have looked below Earth’s surface
rocks
The block diagram is a 3-D model that illustrates a
solid section of Earth The top surface of the
block is the __________
Side views of the block are called cross sections,
which are derived from the surface map
To visualize Earth three dimensionally, scientists often rely on computers
Using computers, information is digitized to create a three-dimensional view of features such as rock layers or river systems
Digitizing is a process by which points are plotted on a coordinate grid
To determine New Zealand’s location relative to Canada, you probably would examine a ____________________ or a _____________________
To travel across the country, you would rely on a road map, or _______________
To climb the highest peak in your region, you would take along a _______________
Remote sensing is a way of collecting information about Earth from a distance, often using satellites
2 types: Landsat Global Positioning System
(GPS)
One way the Earth’s surface has been studied is with data collected from Landsat satellites
These satellites take pictures of Earth’s surface using different wavelengths of light
The images can be used to make maps of snow cover over the United States or to evaluate the impact of forest fires
The Global Positioning System, or GPS, is satellite-based, radio-navigation system
that allows users to determine their exact location anywhere on Earth
GPS technology is used to navigate, to create detailed maps, and to track wildlife
1. A ______________ is the projection of points and lines of a globe’s surface onto paper.
2. __________________ show the changes in elevation of Earth’s surface by using contour lines.
3. _______________ show the arrangement and types of rocks at Earth’s surface.
4. ________________ is a way of collecting information about Earth from a distance, often by using satellites.
5. Distant planets can be mapped using ________.
map projection
Topographic maps
Geologic maps
Remote sensing
satellites
Study for Chapter 1 Test!!!
In your notebooks, answer the following question:
What is the scientific method? If you are not sure, take a guess!!!
Objective: List and describe steps used in the
scientific method.
The Scientific MethodThe Scientific MethodHow do scientists do what they do?
Well, YOU know because you’re a scientist too!Observation is an important part –in fact it’s the part at the very start.
For it’s observation that causes you to wonder whyearthworms do what they do and clouds form in the sky.
Your hypothesis is a “best guess” based on what you know about how things work – now you’re ready to go!
Experimentation lets you test the hypothesis you’ve made –to see if your best guess can make the grade.
And because variation is found in nature everywhere,repeated trials should be done, and done with care.
And don’t forget to decide what variables you’ll test.You change the independent variables, but not the rest.
Recording your data is very important, too;so you can analyze the results and others can
repeat what you do.When you’ve summarized your results
and your experiment is done,You’ll have more information about nature
and you’ll have some fun.So, now you know that the scientific method is really
cool, and that scientists don’t just measure – they RULE!!!
1. Determine the problem2. Make a hypothesis
3. Test your hypothesis or a prediction that can be tested
4. Analyze your results5. Draw conclusion
Science is my thing today.When you do science – here’s the way:
First ask questions – why or how?Then hypothesize – do it now!Experimentation is next in line.
You get results that are SO fine!Analyzing data comes up next.
Then graph your data, to show it best.Being a scientist – it’s a trip!
It’s not square – it’s really hip!
1. What are the five steps in the scientific method?
2. Define the term hypothesis.
3. When completing a __________, using the scientific method becomes helpful.