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Answers to the HW
p. 75 #10-20 even, 25-28 all, 55 & 5610. If an object weighs one pound, then it weights
16 ounces.
12. If a fish is a blue trunkfish, then it lives in the waters of a coral reef.
14. True 16. True
18. If 1 is obtuse, then 1 measures 123.
20. If I go to the mall, then it is not raining.
25. One 26. two 27. line 28. a line
55. D 56. D
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Answers to the HWp. 82 #14 - 26 even, 54 & 55
14. True 16. true 18. true
20. (conditional) If two angles are congruent, then they have the same measure; (converse) If two angles have the same measure, then they are congruent.
22. (conditional) If two lines are perpendicular, then they intersect to form right angles; (converse) If two lines intersect to form right angles, then the two lines are perpendicular.
24. A 100 angles is obtuse, but doesn’t measure 94.
26. Terry could live in Orlando, FL, not in Tampa, FL.
54. D 55. B
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You may use your notes1. Identify the conclusion. If the weather is warm, then we
should go swimming.
2. Write the contrapositive. If you like purple, then you will like this shirt.
3. Rewrite the biconditional statement as a conditional statement and its converse. Two segments are congruent if and only if they have the same measure.
4. Write the inverse. If you like hockey, then you go to the hockey game.
5. Give a counterexample that demonstrates that the converse of the statement is false. If a vehicle is a car, then it has wheels.
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2.3 Deductive ReasoningObjective: Apply logic to true statements to
make valid conclusions
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Let p be “Today is Tuesday” and q be “There is school.
1. What is p q ? 2. What is ~p ~q ?
3. What is q p ?
4. What is ~q ~p ?
If today is Tuesday, then there is school.
If today is not Tuesday, then there is no school.
If there is school, then today is Tuesday.
If there is no school, then today is not Tuesday.
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Deductive Reasoning
Deductive Reasoning uses facts, definitions, and accepted properties to write logical arguments (proofs).
How is this different from Inductive Reasoning?
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Law of Detachment
If a conditional statement is true and the hypothesis is true,
then the conclusion is automatically true.
p qp is true
q is true
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If a triangle is equilateral, then the measure of each angle is 60.
Triangle ABC is an equilateral triangle.
The measure of each angle is 60.
EX 1: Use the Law of Detachment to determine a conclusion.
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If two lines are parallel, then the lines do not intersect.
k is parallel to m.
k and m do not intersect.
EX 2: Use the Law of Detachment to determine a conclusion.
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If Robby is taller than Ben, then Robby is at least 6 feet tall.
Ben is older than Robby.
NO VALID CONCLUSION!
EX 3: Use the Law of Detachment to determine a conclusion.
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Law of SyllogismSimilar to the transitive property in algebraHas 3 statements:
1st and 2nd are true, 2nd and 3rd are true, so 1st and 3rd must also be true.
p q is trueq r is true
p is truer
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EX 4: Use the Law of Syllogism to determine a conclusion.
If Donnie asks Pam, then she will say yes.
If she says yes, then they will get married.
If Donnie asks Pam, then they will get married.
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If Tim gets stung by a bee, then he will get very ill.
If he gets very ill, then he will go to the hospital.
If Tim gets stung by a bee, then he will go to the hospital.
EX:5 Use the Law of Syllogism to determine a conclusion.
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If Jay doesn’t work hard, then he will not play.
If he doesn’t play, then he will quit the team.
If Jay doesn’t work hard, then he will quit the team.
EX 6: Use the Law of Syllogism to determine a conclusion.
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If Susan screams, then the dog will run away.
If the dog licks Susan, then Susan will scream.
NO VALID CONCLUSION!!
EX 7: Use the Law of Syllogism to determine a conclusion.
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Use the true statements to determine whether the conclusion is true or false.
•If it looks like rain, then I will bring my umbrella to school with me.
•If there are clouds in the sky and the sky is dark, then it looks like rain.
•If I bring my umbrella to school with me, then I will hang it in the classroom closet.
•This morning, there are clouds in the sky and the sky is dark.
Conclusion: My umbrella is hanging in the classroom closet.
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In order…•This morning, there are clouds in the sky and the sky is dark.
•If there are clouds in the sky and the sky is dark, then it looks like rain.
•If it looks like rain, then I will bring my umbrella to school with me.
•If I bring my umbrella to school with me, then I will hang it in the classroom closet.
Conclusion: My umbrella is hanging in the classroom closet.
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2.4 Reasoning with Algebraic Properties
Objective: Use Properties of Algebra to explain multi-step equations
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Algebraic Properties of Equality
p. 96 and 98
KNOW THEM!
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Let a, b, and c be real numbers
Addition Property
Subtraction Property
Multiplication Property
Division Property
If a = b, then a + c = b + cadd the same thing to both sides of an eqn. & they will still be equal
If a = b, then a - c = b - c
If a = b, then ac = bc
subtract the same thing from both sides of an eqn. & they will still be equal
multiply the same thing to both sides of an eqn & they will still be equal
divide the same thing from both sides of an eqn & they will still be equal
If a = b and c 0, then
a c = b c
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Let a, b, and c be real numbers
Reflexive Property
Symmetric Property
Transitive Property
Substitution Property
For any real number a, a = aA number, length, or measure will always equal itself
If a = b, then b = a
If a = b and b = c then a = c
If two things are equal then order does not matter
This is true by the Law of Syllogism
Think about substituting 3 in for x in an equation when x = 3
If a = b, then a can be substituted for b in any equation or expression
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Write a reason for each step.
10 2 3 2 4x x 10 2 3 6 4x x 10 2 3 2x x 10 5 2x
5 12x 12
5x
Given
Distributive Property
Addition Property
Subtraction Property
Subtraction Property
Division Property
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Use the property to complete the statement.
1. Addition property of equality: If AB = 5, then 10 + AB = ____.
2. Multiplication property of equality: If mC = 30, then ____ (mC) = 15 .
15
1/2
AF
mMJC = mDCF
5(3)
3. Reflexive property of equality: AF = ___.
4. Symmetric property of equality: If mDCF = mMJC, then ________________.5. Transitive property of equality: If YZ = DB and DB = JK, then _________.
6. Substitution property of equality: If MN = 3, then 5(MN) = _____.
YZ = JK
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Homework:
p. 91-93 (13 problems) #8-32 even
p.99–101 (9 problems) #4-8, 10-14 even, 32 a-e