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Applicant Presentation - Eucalyptus
tortoise beetle biocontrol agent
22 January 2019
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What is the benefit to NZ of introducing
this parasitoid?
Biocontrol is environmentally sustainable method of pest control
Previous biocontrol agents have controlled the second generation of
the pest Eucalyptus tortoise beetle
Eadya daenerys will reduce larval survival in first generation
Host specific in Australia to some Paropsis and Paropsisterna
beetles (known as “paropsines”)
Eadya daenerys could prevent $7.2 million in losses per year from
damage to numerous susceptible Symphyomyrtus species
Sustainable control will reduce spray inputs, better for environment
Economic benefits outweigh any potential risks to the environment,
testing reveals a very low risk to any non-target beetles
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Scion is the applicant on behalf of
Eucalyptus growers in New Zealand
Benefit to New Zealand
• Grant Wilcock (VP Sales and Marketing Paper, Oji Fibre
Solutions NZ Ltd) – What is so special about eucalypt fibre?
• Toni Withers (Senior Entomologist, Forest Protection, Scion) –
Cost to NZ if Paropsis charybdis is not controlled
• Robert Radics (Value Chain Optimisation, Scion) – How we
valued eucalypts to show benefits?
Risk to the environment
• Toni Withers– What did the host testing tell us about risk of this
new organism?
• Carl Wardhaugh (Entomologist, Forest Protection, Scion) – Are
there any native beetles closely related to Paropsis charybdis in
NZ that could be at risk?
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Benefits of Eucalyptus to New Zealand
As well as superior pulp qualities
Eucalyptus grow to become of the hardest and most durable wood
poles in the world, not requiring chemical treatment
Power poles, cross-arms, bridges, wharfs, vineyard posts
Beautiful grains of timber for flooring, decking and other uses such
as production of Laminated Veneer board (LVL)
Winter flowering food resource for bees
Shade, shelter
Firewood
Bird habitat
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Eucalyptus a small industry
c.f. radiata pine, but
diversified forest estate =
resilient to natures challenges
and border biosecurity threats
Eucalypts complement
replanting land with native
species
Superior nutrient recycling
Symphyomyrtus sub-genus
• most durable timbers
• cold climate tolerant
• est. 15,300 hectares
planted
Monocalyptus sub-genus
much slower growing
Both types are being developed by
the NZ Dryland Forests Initiative,
see Paul Millen’s submission.
Aim plant 100,000 ha by 2030
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Expensive aerial applications of
insecticides cost between $160 - $340
per ha. per spray
Negative effects on the environment
Whole industry current cost is $1 - 2
million per annum for spraying
Yield loss between $4,800 and $9,700
per hectare per year if don’t spray
Repeatedly defoliated trees stop growing
completely
Plantations worth $402-503 million are at
risk
Costs will increase if industry loses the
proven current chemical control option
(alpha cypermethrin)
Risk to industry and environment from insect attack
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Healthy E. nitens
(Shining Gum)
Scion estimated Eucalyptus provide
additional ecosystem services
conservatively estimated at $11
million per year
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Damaged
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How did we value NZ eucalypts?
METHOD:
Forest inventory plantation
data of eucalypts in NZ 2016
Add additional 16% for
woodlots less than 40 ha
Berrill et al. yield model
applied
Net Present Value obtained by
applying values to age class
data
Weighted stumpage value
applied differentially for solid
wood and pulp wood
RESULTS:
23,182 ha. all eucalypt
plantations in NZ
Plus est. 4,416 ha. in small
lots = 27, 598 ha
Trunk volume calculated
Younger plantations currently
dominate age classes
Used $50/m3 for pulp wood,
and $101/m3 for solid wood
Symphyomyrtus species 60-
75% of all plantations =
NPV is $402-$503 million for
eucalypts susceptible to
Paropsis charybdis in NZ
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Benefit of chemical applications
Short rotation 15 years
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Benefit of chemical applications to
prevent yield loss
Long rotation 40 years, $160/ha cost, larger than 40 ha plantations
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Benefit
: cost ra
tio
Avoided yield loss (%)
Heavy Moderate Low Break even
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Benefit: cost of managing P. charybdis
Estimated by region and age
class the resistant: suscep.
ratio of plantings
Aerial spray applications
range in price due to cost
effectiveness of spraying
larger plantations
Estimate 12,300 ha are in
species resistant to the pest, but
15,300 ha are susceptible
species (Symphyomyrtus)
Economic modelling shows the
cost of spraying the pest in
small wood lots or when
damage is only low is unjustifed
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Economic benefit of Paropsis charybdis
control by the parasitoid Eadya
Effective biocontrol will reduce damage from “heavy” damage down
to “light damage”
This reduces yield loss from 20% volume loss to less than 10%
(Elek & Baker 2017)
This improvement provides an average Net Present Value of $1,245
per ha over a long rotation
For the 15,300 ha of susceptible species in New Zealand the Net
Present Value of this effective biocontrol instead of chemical
control is $17.4 - $21.8 million
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Benefit to NZ of introducing the
parasitoid Eadya daenerys This parasitoid once established will reduce damage from “heavy” to
“light”
Reduce spray applications
• Good for environmental sustainability
• Increased cost savings
• Increase acceptability & “social license to operate” of these
renewable plantations for fibre production
Reduced damage severity of susceptible eucalypt species
• Increase growth rates
• Shorter rotation times
• Increased wood volumes/ higher yield
• Increased profitability
• Increased confidence to invest in diversified plantings
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