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Appropriate TechnologiesAppropriate Technologiesforfor
Improved Rural Health Care Improved Rural Health Care DeliveryDelivery
ininDeveloping CountriesDeveloping Countries
- The Ibarapa Experience- The Ibarapa Experience
bybyOluyombo A AwojobiOluyombo A Awojobi
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*University of Ibadan Ibarapa Community and Primary
Health Programme – 1963FIRST IN THE WORLD!!
*World Health OrganizationAlma Ata Declaration – 1978
1978 - ‘Health For All By 2000’2000 - ‘MDG’s 2015’
2008 – ‘Return to Basics’
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25 YEARS OF PRIMARY CARE SURGERY IN IBARAPA
CASE SCENARIO
•A PREGNANT WOMAN •REGULAR ANTENATAL CARE•GETS ALL PROMOTIVE AND PREVENTIVE CARE •SUDDENLY AT TERM, SHE STARTS BLEEDING. •RUSHED IN THE VILLAGE AMBULANCE TO THE NEAREST GENERAL/DISTRICT HOSPITAL •RESIDENT PHYSICIAN PERFORMS A CAESAREAN SECTION •DELIVERS A LIVE HEALTHY BABY(IES) AND A SURVIVING MOTHER.
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25 YEARS OF PRIMARY CARE SURGERY IN IBARAPA
NIGERIAN BASELINES
•NO PUBLIC ELECTRICITY SUPPLY
•NO MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY
•EXPENSIVE AND UNRELIABLE
•TRANSPORTATION
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25 YEARS OF PRIMARY CARE SURGERY IN IBARAPA
•APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY- SCIENTIFICALLY SOUND, - CULTURALLY ACCEPTABLE
• SEVERAL FUNCTIONAL SMALL DEVICES ARE BETTER THAN ONE BIG DEVICE (CAPITAL OUTLAY, REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE)
- GENERATORS, - WATER PUMPS AND - WATER RESERVOIRS
• MAXIMAL USE OF NATURE- NATURAL LIGHTING- RAIN WATER HARVESTING AND STORAGE- BIOGAS FROM POULTRY DROPPINGS/COW DUNG
• FABRICATION OF BASIC HOSPITAL EQUIPMENT
• IN-HOSPITAL PRODUCTION OF MATERIALS
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Rain Water Collection From Clinic Rain Water Collection From Clinic Rooftop Rooftop
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Earthen Dam at Earthen Dam at aceace
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Coal Heating Coal Heating FurnaceFurnace
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Africa Health 1994; 16: 17-19
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Africa Health 1994; 16: 17-19
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Diagram of Water DistillerDiagram of Water Distiller
Trop Doct. 1993; 23: 173-174.
prize-winning project- the National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure
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Pedal Suction PumpPedal Suction Pump
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Haematocrit CentrifugeHaematocrit Centrifuge
Trop Doct 2002; 32: 168
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IMPORTED N175 000.00
+ GENERATOR N10 000.00
= N185 000.00
ace centrifuge N25 000.00
CENTRIFUGECENTRIFUGE
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Diagram of a Haematocrit Diagram of a Haematocrit CentrifugeCentrifuge
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Local Production of Intravenous Local Production of Intravenous FluidsFluids
IV fluids locally produced as described by Maurice King
Production to date:– Over 54 430 litres of normal saline
solution– Over 3 550 units of acid citrate dextrose
solution – About 1 900 liters of 25% dextrose solution
Produced at 10% of the cost in the open market
Nig. Med. Pract. 1985; 10:119.
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Histopathology service
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Keke Eruwa: Autonov-3Keke Eruwa: Autonov-3
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SINCE JANUARY 1987 WHEN CLINIC WAS THREE MONTHS OLD
NO EMPLOYER, NO EMPLOYEE MONTHLY FINANCIAL MEETING OF ALL
MEMBERS OF STAFF ALL ON SALARIES KNOWN AND APPROVED
BY ALL. ANNUAL INCREMENT. WELFARE SCHEME (GRATUITY) OPERATIONAL
SALARY BILL OF N1.2 MILLION/MONTH IN THE LAST 3 YEARS
NO RETAINERSHIP SUSTAINED BY FEES PAID BY PATIENTS NO SUBVENTION FROM ANY SOURCE WE ARE NOT INDEBTED TO ANY BODY,
CORPORATE OR INDIVIDUAL
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I Thank You All for Your Kind I Thank You All for Your Kind AttentionAttention
Oluyombo A. AwojobiOluyombo A. Awojobi, , MB, BS, (Ibadan), FMCS MB, BS, (Ibadan), FMCS (Nig).(Nig).
January, 2009.January, 2009.
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‘‘YES, YES, WE CAN!!’WE CAN!!’- BARACK OBAMA 5- BARACK OBAMA 5THTH NOVEMBER 2008 NOVEMBER 2008