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Myth, Miracle, and Reality of Urban River Restoration Experience on Taehwa River Development in Ulsan, KOREA
Area: 1,056.2 Area: 1,056.2 ㎢㎢
Population: 1,012,000 inhabitants Population: 1,012,000 inhabitants
Climate :Climate :-- Annual mean temperature : 13.5 Annual mean temperature : 13.5 ℃℃
highs : 38.6 highs : 38.6 ℃℃, , lows : lows : --16.7 16.7 ℃℃
R i f ll 1 272R i f ll 1 272 ㎜㎜//
태화강 소개
-- Rainfall : 1,272 Rainfall : 1,272 ㎜㎜/year /year
Administration: Metropolitan CityAdministration: Metropolitan City
Major Industry: Major Industry: Automobile, ShipAutomobile, Ship-- building, building, Petrochemical, Nonferrous Petrochemical, Nonferrous industriesindustries
Seoul
Ulsan
2 National Industrial Parks
• Ulsan-Mipo (46,135 K㎡): 558 companies of automobile, shipbuilding, petrochemicals in operation
• Onsan (17,071 K㎡): 212Nonferrous metal, petrochemicals companies
3 Regional Industrial Parks
4 Local Industrial Parks
태화교태화교
울산공고울산공고
달동달동 시청시청
삼호교삼호교
남안산남안산
무거동무거동
용잠마을용잠마을
용연마을용연마을
Changing landscapes of Taehwa River since the 1960s
우정동우정동
은을봉은을봉
태화교태화교
시청시청 남안산남안산 문수산문수산
삼호교삼호교
SK SK 공장공장
영남화력영남화력
우정동우정동
TaehwaTaehwa River: Urban Growth CorridorRiver: Urban Growth CorridorLength: 47.54kmBasin: 635.0 sq. Km
TaehwaTaehwa River: Dominant WestRiver: Dominant West--East Development AxisEast Development Axis
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Environmental Consequence of Post-war Industrialization
경제성장환경문제
Driving force
DPER Model: DPER Model: Urban Urban Environmental Environmental Evolution Evolution
Pressure & Effect
ResponseResponse
1960s1970s
Heavy & Chemical
Driving force
1970s – 1980sAutomobile
Industry
2000s National & Local Industrial
Parks
1960s National Industrial Park
Heavy & Chemical Industrialization
85,000 1,099,995 274 407,477
Population Cars
Driving force
1962 2007 1962 2007
$26million $63.9billion
1962 2007
Exports
Unintended Environmental Consequence
Pressure & Effect
BOD 11.7ppm/’1991[limit : 3ppm/yr]
51 Public Appeals for
smell
SO2 0.057ppm/’1981[limit : 0.02ppm/yr]
Taehwa River prior to the early 2000s
“Death river, Nothing survied”
Pressure & Effect
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ECOPOLIS ULSAN:Establishment of Taehwa River Master Plan
ResponseResponse
Taehwa River Master Plan (2005-2014)
50 projects/ 976.7 billion
Culture
ResponseResponse
Clean River
Eco River Waterfront
Culture&
History
2001
2007
62%
92.2%
HE
Sewage service
Municipal Sewage Facilities
ResponseResponse
Hogye
Bangeujin
YongyeonOnsan
Hoeya
Eunyang
4,600㎥/day 1997
150,000㎥/day 1997
32,000㎥/day 1989
60,000㎥/day 2004
250,000㎥/day 1995
100,000㎥/day 2005
Waterfront and watershed Ecosystem
ResponseResponse
Ecological Park Public Involvement
8
10
12
BOD(㎎/ℓ)
11.3
9.8
Improved Water Quality
ResponseResponse
0
2
4
6
8
95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 Year
3.9
5.5
3.2
2.0
ResponseResponse
Restoration of Natural Habitats for Animals & Birds
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Sanctuary of human being activities
ResponseResponse
Leading benchmarking case of urban river restoration
Clean River
13 projects ( 503 3 billion)
15 Projects completed 424.0 billion
19 projects in progress
439. 4 billion
16 projects planned113.3 billion
50 projects/ 976.7 billion
ResponseResponse
Eco River
21 projects (332.2billion)
Waterfront
12 projects (81.4 billion)
Culture&Histroy
4 projects ( 59.8 billion)
13 projects ( 503.3 billion)
Political Commitment and leadership
Effective Governance
Successful Tips from ResponsesSuccessful Tips from Responses
Public Awareness
Precautionary Approach
Hope to see you in Ulsan, KOREA!