Armies’ Life

Confederate’s Uniforms

*Confederates wore a cotton gray or blue jackets that were hand-dyed.*They also had sky blue dyed pants held up

by their suspenders.*The pin on their collar displayed their

rank.

Confederate’s Uniforms (continued)

*They also had wool socks and vests.*Cotton shirts *Ankle-high boots

Union’s Uniforms

*Wool blue jackets with their sky-blue pants like the Confederates.*The number of buttons on their jacket

displayed their rank.*Loose flannel sack coat hung at mid thigh.

Union’s Uniforms (continued)

*Their leather boots were very heavy.*Blue forage cap and a over coat with a

cape.*Also had wool socks and pull over shirts.

Things All Soldiers Carried

*They all carried many things.*Some of things were Soldiers Bible,

sewing kit, mess kits, socks, chewing tobacco, stationery, journal and pencils, pipe, shaving kit, comb and brush, tooth brush, and soap.*Union soldiers carried a gum blanket and

a thick wool blanket.

Confederate Camp Life

*They had 5 or 6 men in a tent held up by metal poles.*Tents were used in Summer, Spring, and

Autumn. *Cabins were used in the Winter.

Confederate Camp Life (continued)

*They had their slaves cook their meals.*Food shortages weren’t a problem until

later in the war.*With people who managed to sneak it,

alcohol was a huge problem.

Confederate Camp Life (continued)

*A lot of the time people wrote letters home.*Boredom became a problem on ALL camps.*With boredom came the mischief.

Confederate Camp Life (continued)

*¾ of time they weren’t even in battle.*Day started at 5 A.M. in the summer.*Day started at 6 A.M. in the Winter.

Confederate Camp Life (continued)

*Most armies were forced to live off the land at some point.*Diseases became very serious.*Death started becoming a part of

everyday life.

Confederate Camp Life (continued)

*A lot of things were done excessively.*Some things include card playing,

swearing, fighting, and drunkenness.*A new recruit wrote that it was the most

he ever seen.

Union Camp Life*A lot like confederates with tents and

cabins.*Food was a similar problem on the Union

side, fine until towards the end.*Fed very well when it was possible.

Union Camp Life (continued)

*A lot of the problems were shared on both sides.*Boredom was a big one.*Alcohol wasn’t as big.

Union Camp Life (continued)

*Often wrote letters home.*Overall there was not much to do.*Life was similar on both sides.

Confederate’s Supplies

*The South was NOT big on factories.*Had plenty of food in the beginning due to

a lot of agriculture.*Depended on Europe a lot for military

needs.

Union’s Supplies

*They tried to bring back rebellious Southern states.*Tried to do this so it wasn’t a lot of fighting

for cash crops. *Tried to limit Confederate’s supplies also.

Union’s Supplies (continued)

*Had their own manufacturing supplies.*Destroyed part of the South’s supplies.

Weapons of the Civil War

Confederate Weapons*Colt 45 revolver or “Peacemaker” was sold to the South

until the war was started.*Cook and Brother Carbine was slow to reload but

allowed the South to have a good carbine.*LeMat revolver(Grape Shot Revolver) held 9-shots with

a second barrel that shot a 16 gauge shotgun round.

Confederate Weapons Impact

*Cook and Brother allowed the South to have a small rifle.*The LeMat revolver allowed the South to shoot rapidly.

Union Weapons*“Repeater” rifles with Miniѐ bullet were quicker to

reload and more accurate.*Colt 45 was the most popular and standard pistol for

the Union.*Sharps Carbine was one of the most popular rifles

(100,000) gave people the nickname “Sharpshooter”

Union Weapons (continued)

*Gatling Gun was one of the most deadly weapons, it could shoot 350-400 rounds per minute by cranking it.

Union Weapons Impact

*Repeaters scared the South because of the accuracy and quickness.*Miniѐ bullets were said to kill more than 200,000

people and wound more than 400,000. Thought to account for 90% of deaths in the Civil War due to the hollow points.

Union Weapons Impact (continued)

*Colt 45 impacted the North by supplying them with over 300,000 revolvers.*“Abe Lincoln may have freed all men, but Sam Colt

made them equal.”*Eli Whitney Jr. helped make Colt’s before the war.

Union Weapons Impact (continued)

*Sharps Carbine allowed for a $30 rifle that was accurate up to 600 yards. 80,000 were in the Civil War. Teddy Roosevelt used one for hunting.*Gatling Gun was expensive but allowed them a

extremely fast gun.

Prison Camps

Conditions of Confederate Prison Camps

*They were very crowded, poorly managed, and disease-ridden.*The prison camps were usually located in damp

swamp-like areas which caused many of the diseases.*Some of the first prisoners were aloud to play baseball

in the prison camps large yards.

Conditions Continued

*In Illinois inmates darkened their skin with charcoal.*But by far Tunneling was the most popular way to

escape.*The most famous tunnel was called the “Great Yankee

Tunnel”, and with that 109 Union prisoners escaped; but over half were later recaptured.*From that if you attempted to escape you were very

severe.

Conditions of Union Prison camps

*Like the Confederate prison camps they were very crowded, poorly managed, and disease- ridden.*The prisoners had to sleep outside in tents and they

were all full.*In Johnson’s Island prison the inmates formed a YMCA,

(which was a way that they passed time).

Treatment for Confederate prisoners

*Black prisoners were subjects to harsh punishments and even execution (they were treated way harsher than white prisoners).*The prisoners were feed things like pickled beef, salted

pork, corn meal, or bean soup.*They were also given very little warmth.

Treatment for Prisoners in The Union

*Hungry prisoners would hunt rats and they made a sport of it.*The starvation and poor sanitation inflamed outbursts

of many diseases like smallpox, typhoid, dysentery, cholera, and malaria, also sores that were left untreated lead to a disease that only could be cured by amputation.*Some prisoners new they were never leaving so they

elected suicide and also taunted guards to just shot them.

Andersonville*Was located in Georgia.*Covered over 16 and a half acres of land.*Held many prisoners.

Andersonville*Many prisoners looked like skeletons, and by that the

Northerns were shocked and horrified.*Also housed nearly 33,000 men.*Also they used open sewers and 13,000 people died

from diseases it caused.

Union Generals

About Ulysses S. Grant

*Ulysses engineered a stunning victory at the Battle of Vicksburg.*He was very good at strategizing.*Ulysses always retraced his steps to find Things.

About Ulysses S. Grant (continued)

*He was a very avid listener.*He later became the 18th U.S. President.*He graduated 21st out of 39 people from West Point

College.

Facts About Ulysses S. Grant

*He was born on April 27th, 1822.*He was born in Georgetown, Ohio.*His real name was Hiram (he changed his name when

he went to West Point).

About Irvin McDowell*He was the first Union General.

*He is most remembered for his loss at the First Battle of Bull Run.*He was a very energetic leader.

About Irvin McDowell

(continued)*He most famous campaign was the Peninsula Campaign.*He received an early education in France.*He also graduated from West Point College in 1838 (he

graduated 23rd of 45 in his class).

*Facts About Irvin McDowell

*He served in the military for 27 years.*He suffered losses at both of the Battles of Bull Run.*He was responsible for the safety of Capital Hill during

the Civil War.

Confederacy Generals

Robert Edward LeeBorn January 19, 1807 and was the 4th child.Light horse Harry was his dad5ft 11 with broad shoulders and brown eyes

Robert E. Lee

One of the most famous generals.Very popular and loved by everyoneAffective General through the civil war and won

many battles

Remembered for most

Always remembered for writing George Washington a bad check

Had 2 strokesTop general in the confederacy

Strengths and Weaknesses

Had many tactics and inspired othersDidn’t have relationship with the armyNot a strategist, over confident, and aggressive at

times

Campaign

Peninsula campaign turned confederate.Was turned at Second Bull Run and FredericksburgA disaster for the Union and a helping hand to the

confederacy

Thomas Jonathan Jackson

Born May 2, 1863 at ChancellorsvilleScottish-Irish man that's 5ft 11 ½ with blue eyes

and dark brown hairHated the idea of war.

Stonewall Jackson

Most famous Confederacy generalLiked by everyoneMost effective general

Remembered for mostHe got his nickname from the 1st Battle of Bull Run

Stole $170Was in jail for 6 years

Strengths and Weaknesses

Close with all his menEncouraged the men to fight and boosted

confidenceDidn’t get very much sleep

Campaign

Shenandoah Valley campaign was the spring of 1862

Took place in Virginia through the American War17,000 of Jackson’s men marched 646 miles in 48

days