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Aspen Icarus
Reference Guide
I c a r u s Ev a l u a t i o n En g i n e ( I EE) V 7 .2
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Version V7.2July 2010
Generation No: 13 (G13)
Chapters with G13 in the footer are new for this edition. Chapter generation numbers are alsoindicated in the Table of Contents.
Copyright (c) 2001-2010 by Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
Aspen In-Plant Cost Estimator, Aspen Process Economic Analyzer, Aspen Capital Cost Estimator,AspenTech, and the aspen leaf logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Aspen Technology,Inc., Burlington, MA.
All other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respectivecompanies.
This manual is intended as a guide to using AspenTechs software. This documentation containsAspenTech proprietary and confidential information and may not be disclosed, used, or copied withoutthe prior consent of AspenTech or as set forth in the applicable license agreement. Users are solelyresponsible for the proper use of the software and the application of the results obtained.
Although AspenTech has tested the software and reviewed the documentation, the sole warranty for thesoftware may be found in the applicable license agreement between AspenTech and the user.ASPENTECH MAKES NO WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED,
WITH RESPECT TO THIS DOCUMENTATION, ITS QUALITY, PERFORMANCE,MERCHANTABILITY, OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Aspen Technology, Inc.Burlington, MA 02141-2201USA
Phone: 781-221-6400Toll Free: (888) 996-7100Website http://www.aspentech.com
http://www.aspentech.com/http://www.aspentech.com/ -
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PrefaceAspen Technologys Icarus Office develops and provides knowledge-basedprocess evaluation technology, software, and services.
Icarus systems are based on a core design, estimating, scheduling, and expertsystems technology. They automatically develop preliminary design-basedeconomic results - early from minimal scope, and refined designs andeconomics later in the project. Icarus systems are strategically located andlinked into the project knowledge stream of concurrent design 0 after processsimulation and before detailed design, CAD/CAE, detailed scheduling andproject control. This unique technology provides:
Key answers quickly
Dramatic reductions in evaluation time and resources
The best, most economical process and plant design for funding/bidding decisions and project evaluation.
Aspen economic evaluation systems (including Aspen Capital Cost Estimator,
Aspen Process Economic Analyzer, and Aspen In-Plant Cost Estimator) are indaily use. These systems have become industry-standard tools and are usedby discerning project evaluators in owner companies and engineering designand construction firms in more than 1,000 locations in over 30 countries.
The Technology BehindIcarus SystemsIcarus systems are based on mathematical modeling technology which hasbeen developed, refined and used since Icarus Corporation was founded in
1969. Aspen Technology purchased Icarus Corporation in 2000.Stored in Icarus systems are design and cost models for:
Over 250 kinds of liquid, gas and solids handling andprocessing equipment
More than 60 kinds of plant bulk items
Approximately 70 kinds of site preparation work
Nearly a dozen types of buildings.
Installation bulk models, used to develop installation quantities and fieldmanpower and costs to install equipment and plant bulks, round out thebank of design and cost models. To support these design and cost models,
Icarus systems contain design procedures and costs data for hundreds oftypes of materials of construction for general process equipment, vessel shellsand internals, tubing, castings, linings, packings, clad plates, piping, steel andelectrical bulks.
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Scope of DocumentThis document is designed as a reference tool for Icarus project evaluationsystems. The document is best referenced when you have a question aboutsystem input.
How to Use This DocumentThis document uses generation numbers to track the history of updatedinformation within each chapter. New versions of this document are assigned anew generation number, which increments by 1 (for example, G12).
The purpose of these numbers is to ensure you are looking at the latestinformation. If you have a previous version of this document, you can comparethe numbers to confirm you have the most up-to-date information available.
Generation numbers are located on every page in the lower-inside corner aswell as in the Table of Contents. The generation number assigned to the latest
version of this document is located in the Copyright page.
A Note to Icarus System UsersLike Icarus systems, this document was designed using your ideas andsuggestions. Please contact the Aspen Technology Icarus Office if you haveany questions or comments regarding this document.
Related DocumentationIn addition to this reference manual, AspenTech provides the followingdocumentation for Aspen Economic Evaluation V7.0.
Aspen Engineering V7.1 Known Issues
Aspen Engineering V7.1 Whats New
Aspen Engineering V7.1 Installation Guide
Aspen IPS V7.1 Installation Guide
Aspen IPS V7.1 User Guide
Aspen Process Economic Analyzer V7.1 User Guide
Aspen In-Plant Cost Estimator V7.1 User Guide
Aspen Capital Cost Estimator V7.1 User Guide
Icarus Technology Application Programming Interface
Manpower Productivity Expert User Guide
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Online Technical SupportCenterAspenTech customers with a valid license and software maintenanceagreement can register to access the Online Technical Support Center at:
http://support.aspentech.com
You use the Online Technical Support Center to:
Access current product documentation.
Search for technical tips, solutions, and frequently asked questions (FAQs).
Search for and download application examples.
Search for and download service packs and product updates.
Submit and track technical issues.
Search for and review known limitations.
Send suggestions.Registered users can also subscribe to our Technical Support e-Bulletins.These e-Bulletins proactively alert you to important technical supportinformation such as:
Technical advisories.
Product updates.
Service Pack announcements.
Product release announcements.
Phone and E-mailCustomer support is also available by phone, fax, and e-mail for customerswho have a current support contract for their product(s). Toll-free charges arelisted where available; otherwise local and international rates apply.
For the most up-to-date phone listings; please see the Online TechnicalSupport Center at:
http://support.aspentech.com/
Support Centers Hours of Operation
North America 8:00 - 20:00 Eastern time
South America 9:00 - 17:00 Local time
Europe 8:30 - 18:00 Central europe time
Asia and Pacific Region 9:00 - 17:30 Local time
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Contents (G11) iii
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iiiThe Technology Behind
Icarus Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iiiScope of Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ivHow to Use This Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ivA Note to Icarus System Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ivRelated Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ivOnline Technical Support Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vPhone and E-mail. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
Introduction to Process Equipment (G6) 5Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Process Equipment Categories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6List of Process Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Agitators (G6) 1Agitators (AG) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Agitated Tanks (AT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Blenders (BL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Kneaders (K). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Mixers (MX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Compressors (G6) 1Air Compressors (AC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Gas Compressors (GC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Fans, Blowers (FN). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Drivers (G11) 1Electrical Motors (MOT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Turbines (TUR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Heat Transfer (G10) 1Heat Exchangers (HE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Reboilers (RB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Furnaces, Process Heaters (FU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Icarus Supported TEMA Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Packing, Linings (G6) 1Introduction to Packing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Introduction to Lining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Packing, Linings (PAK, LIN). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Suggested Lining Difficulty Adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
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Pumps (G10) 1Centrifugal Pumps (CP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Gear Pumps (GP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Piston, Other Positive Displacement Pumps (P) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Pump Efficiencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Towers, Columns (G6) 1Introduction to Towers and Columns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Double Diameter Towers (DDT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Single Diameter Towers (TW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Vacuum Systems (G6) 1Condensers (C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Ejectors (EJ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Vacuum Pumps (VP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Vessels (G10) 1Horizontal Tanks (HT). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Vertical Tanks (VT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Crushers, Mills and Stock Treatment (G6) 1
Crushers (CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Flakers (FL). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Mills (M) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Stock Treatments (ST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Drying Systems (G6) 1Crystallizers (CRY) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Evaporators (E) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Wiped Film Evaporators (WFE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Air Dryers (AD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Dryers (D) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Drum Dryers (DD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Rotary Dryers (RD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Tray Drying Systems (TDS). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Solids Conveying (G10) 1Conveyors (CO). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Cranes (CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Elevators, Lifts (EL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Feeders (FE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Hoists (HO). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Scales (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Separation Equipment (G7) 1Centrifuges (CT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Dust Collectors (DC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Filters (F) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Separation Equipment (SE). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Thickeners (T). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
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Screens (VS). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Utility Service Systems (G6) 1Cooling Towers (CTW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Steam Boilers (STB). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Heating Units (HU). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Refrigeration Units (RU) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Electrical Generators (EG). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Water Treatment Systems (WTS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Flares and Stacks (G6) 1Flares (FLR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Stacks (STK). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Introduction to Plant Bulks (G6) 1Introduction to Plant Bulks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2List of Plant Bulks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Piping (G10) 1
Piping Plant Bulks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Pipe Diameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Standard Equations for Pipe Diameter (Old) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Standard Equations for Pipe Diameter (New). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Utility Piping Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Utility Station Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Default Piping Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Pipe Materials - Ferrous Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Pipe Materials - Non-Ferrous Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Plastic and Resin Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Lined Steel Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58Icarus Pipe Fabrication, Erection and Testing Procedures . . . . . . . . 64Valve and Fitting Options for Installation Bulk Piping . . . . . . . . . . . 66Valve Trim Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Civil (G8) 1Civil Plant Bulks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Foundation Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Typical Structure Live Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Soil Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Specifying Seismic Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15How Icarus Calculates Wind Load and Seismic Shear . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Example of Equipment Foundation Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Example of Pile Foundation for an Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Steel (G6) 1Steel Plant Bulks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Instrumentation (G10) 1Instrumentation Plant Bulks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Sensor Loop Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
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Remote Control Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Transmitter Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Electrical (G13) 1Electrical Plant Bulks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Schematic of Transmission Line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Substation Schematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Electrical & Control Hook-Ups for Electric Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Power Distribution Network. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Wire Sizes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23UK, EU, and JP Country Bases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Electrical Class/Division . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24International Electrical Code (IEC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Insulation and Fireproofing (G8) 1Insulation Plant Bulks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Insulation Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Fireproofing Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Insulation Schedules - System Default Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Customizing Insulation Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Paint (G6) 1Introduction to Paint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Paint Plant Bulks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2How Icarus Systems Paint Equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Site Development (G6) 1Introduction to Site Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Demolition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Drainage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Earthwork . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Fencing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Landscaping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Roads - Slabs - Paving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Piling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Railroads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Buildings (G6) 1Introduction to Buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Adding a Building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Building Types and Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Default floor Heights/Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Building Construction Range Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Calculating Building Costs and Labor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Quoted Equipment and Libraries (G6) 1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Quoted Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2User Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
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Material Selections (G10) 1ASME Design Code - Plate Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3ASME Design Code - Clad Plate Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10ASME Design Code - Tube Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11ASME Non-Ferrous Tube Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14BS Design Code - Plate Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15BS Ferrous Plate Materials - Carbon Steel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15BS Design Code - Clad Plate Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22BS Design Code - Tube Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23JIS Design Code - Plate Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27JIS Design Code - Tube Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35DIN Design Code - Plate Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39DIN Design Code - Tube Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47EN 13445 Design Code - Plate Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51EN 13445 Design Code - Tube Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Lining Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Casting Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Packing Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Units of Measure (G6) 1Introduction to Units of Measure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Units of Measure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Project Specifications and their Use of Units of Measure . . . . . . . . . 8
Field Manpower Titles and Wage Rates (G13) 1US Country Base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2UK Country Base *** . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4JP Country Base. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
EU Country Base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Engineering (G13) 1
Design and Construction Engineering Disciplines and Wage Rates . . 2Engineering Expenses and Indirects (Aspen Capital Cost Estimator and
Aspen Process Economic Analyzer ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Standard Engineering Drawing Types (Aspen Capital Cost Estimator and
Aspen Process Economic Analyzer) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Construction Equipment(G4) 1Introduction to Construction Equipment Rental . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Construction Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Base Indices (G13) 1Base Indices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Code Accounts (G10) 1Introduction to Code Accounts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Indirect Codes and Descriptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Direct Codes and Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Piping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
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viii Contents (G11)
Database Relations (G10) 1Sequence Numbers of Attributes in Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Relationship of Database Relations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7DETAILS Relation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8DESIGN Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10REMARKS Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10PROJDATA Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11NEWCOA Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11CERATE Relation (F-Table) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11EQRENT Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12CRWSCH Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12CSTCTRL Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13CUSSPC Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13REPGRP Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14CNTRCT Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14COMPONENT Relation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
INDIRECTS Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15K (CUSSPC)-TABLE Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16R-TABLE Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16QSUM Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16STORED REPORTS Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20STORED QUERIES Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22CERATE Relation (F-Table) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23T-Table Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25U-Table Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25V-Table Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27W-Table Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
X-Table Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Y-Table Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Z-Table Relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Aspen Capital Cost Estimator Indirect Codes and Descriptions. . . . . 29Attribute Descriptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Icarus Technology (G10) 1Introduction to Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Project Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Equipment Fabricate/Ship Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Barchart Report Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Process Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Notes for Defining the Standard Control Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Notes for Defining the PLC Control Center. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Overview of System Input Specifications for Power Distribution. . . . 27Power Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Redundancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Usage Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34Reporting of Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Project Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
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Contents (G11) ix
Cost Reporting: Currency and System Base Indices . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Construction Overhead - Prime Contractor Basis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Contracts: Description/Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Reserved (G7) 1
Glossary (G5) 1
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1 Introduction to Process Equipment (G6) 1-5
This chapter contains information on the following topics:
Introduction
Process Equipment Categories
List of Process Equipment
1 Introduction to ProcessEquipment (G6)
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1-6 1 Introduction to Process Equipment (G6)
IntroductionChapters 2 through 16 describe the process equipment available inIcarus systems. The chapters are organized as the equipment appears inthe systems.
Liquid and gas equipment Solids handling equipment
Off-site and packaged equipment
Process Equipment CategoriesIcarus process equipment is divided into the following categories. Each
category is assigned an item symbol for identification purposes.
ItemSymbol Description
ItemSymbol Description
AC Air Compressor HE Heat Exchanger
AD Air Dryer HO Hoist
AG Agitator HT Horizontal Tank
AT Agitated Tanks HU Heating Unit
BL Blender K Kneader
C Condenser LIN Lining
CE Crane M Mill
CO Conveyor MOT Motor/Motor Reducer
CP Centrifugal Pump MX Mixer
CR Crusher P Pump
CRY Crystallizer PAK Packing
CT Centrifuge R Reactor
CTW Cooling Tower RB Reboiler
D Dryer RD Rotary Drum
DC Dust Collector RU Refrigeration Unit
DD Drum Dryer S Scale
DDT Double Diameter Tower SE Separation Equipment
E Evaporator ST Stock Treatment
EG Electric Generator STB Steam Boiler
EJ Ejector STK Stack
EL Elevator T ThickenerF Filter TDS Tray Drying System
FE Feeder TUR Turbine
FL Flaker TW Single Diameter Tower
FLR Flare VP Vacuum Pump
FN Fan VS Screen
FU Furnace VT Vertical Tank
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1 Introduction to Process Equipment (G6) 1-7
List of Process EquipmentThe following is a list of process equipment by chapter and category. Theprocess equipment descriptions in chapters 2 through 16 include some of theentry fields for defining process equipment. The descriptions include theminimum and maximum values and the defaults. Default values appearbetween asterisks (*).
Chapter 2: Agitators
Agitators (AG)
Agitated Tanks (AT)
GC Gas Compressor WFE Wiped Film Evaporator
GP Gear Pump WTS Water Treatment System
Item Type Description
FIXED PROP Fixed propeller gear motor type agitator
PORT PROP Portable propeller agitator
DIRECT Portable direct drive agitator
GEAR DRIVE Portable gear drive agitator
MECH SEAL Agitator, mechanical seal, variable diameter
ANCHOR Fixed mount, gear drive, anchor, stuffing box
PULP STOCK Pulp stock agitator
ANCHOR REV Sanitary reversing anchor agitator
COUNT ROT Sanitary counter-rotating agitatorHIGH SHEAR Sanitary highshear homogenizing agitator
SAN FIXED Sanitary fixed propeller/turbine mixer
SAN PORT Sanitary port. propeller/turbine mixer
Item Type Description
MIXER Agitated tank - enclosed
REACTOR Agitated tank - enclosed, jacketed
OPEN TOP Agitated tank - open top
FLOAT CELL Floatation machine
COND CELL Floatation conditioning cell
MACH PULP On machine pulper
OFF MACH Off machine pulper
Item
Symbol Description
Item
Symbol Description
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1-8 1 Introduction to Process Equipment (G6)
Blenders (BL)
Kneaders (K)
Mixers (MX)
Chapter 3: Compressors
Air Compressors (AC)
Item Type Description
BLENDER Rotary drum blender
ROTARY Rotary double-cone blender
KETTLE Sanitary kettle blender without agitator
ROTARYBOWL Sanitary rotary bowl blender
MSHELSTAG Sanitary multi-shell staggered blender
Item Type Description
STATIONARY Stationary upright double-arm kneader
TILTING Tilting double-arm kneader
VAC TILTING Vacuum tilting double-arm kneader
Item Type Description
EXTRUDER Cylinder type extruder with variable drive
MULLER EXT Muller type extruder mixer
PAN Pan mixer
PORT PROP Portable propeller mixer
FIXED PROP Fixed propeller gear motor type mixer
SIGMA Double-arm sigma blade mixer
SPIRAL RIB Spiral ribbon mixer
STATIC Static mixer
TWO ROLL Two-roll mixerHIGH SPEED Sanitary high-speed Norman-type mixer
RIBBON Sanitary ribbon blender
PISTON HOM Sanitary piston-type homogenizer
SHEAR HOM Sanitary shear pump homogenizer
Item Type DescriptionCENTRIF M Centrifugal air compressor with motor
CENTRIF T Centrifugal air compressor with turbine
RECIP GAS Reciprocating air compressor with gas engine
RECIP MOTR Reciprocating air compressor with motor
SINGLE 1 S Single reciprocating air compressor - 1 stage
SINGLE 2 S Single reciprocating air compressor - 2 stage
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1 Introduction to Process Equipment (G6) 1-9
Gas Compressors (GC)
Fans, Blowers (FN)
Chapter 4: Drivers
Electrical Motors (MOT)
Turbines (TUR)
Chapter 5: Heat Transfer
Heat Exchangers (HE)
Item Type Description
CENTRIF Centrifugal compressor - horizontal
CENTRIF IG Centrifugal - integrated gear
RECIP GAS Reciprocating compressor - integral gas engine
RECIP MOTR Reciprocating compressor
Item Type Description
PROPELLER Propeller fan
VANEAXIAL Vaneaxial fan
CENTRIF Centrifugal fan
ROT BLOWER General purpose blower
CENT TURBO Heavy duty, low noise blower
Item Type Description
OPEN Open drip-proof induction motor
SYNCHRON Synchronous motor
ENCLOSED Totally enclosed induction motor
EXP PROOF Explosion-proof (Class I Division I, hazardous)
VARY SPEED TEFC motor with variable speed drive
Item Type Description
GAS Gas turbine with combustion chamber
CONDENSING Steam turbine driver, condensing type
NON COND Steam turbine driver, non-condensing
Item Type Description
FLOAT HEAD Floating head shell and tube exchanger
FIXED T S Fixed tube sheet shell and tube exchanger
AIR COOLER Air cooling, free standing or rack-mounted
U TUBE U-tube shell and tube exchanger
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1-10 1 Introduction to Process Equipment (G6)
Reboilers (RB)
Furnaces, Project Heaters (FU)
Chapter 6: Packing, Linings
TEMA EXCH Fixed tube, float. head, or u-tube exchanger
PRE ENGR Pre-engineered (standard) U-tube exchanger
CROSS BORE Cross-bore (all graphite) heat exchanger
SHELL TUBE Graphite tube/CS shell heat exchanger
FIN TUBE Finned double pipe heat exchanger
HEATER STM Bare pipe immersion coil-heating/cooling
SUC HEATER Tank suction
HEATER ELC Electric immersion tank heater
JACKETED Double pipe heat exchanger
SPIRAL PLT Spiral plate heat exchanger
ONE SCREW Thermascrew (Reitz) single screw conveyor
TWO SCREW Twin screw agitated/jacketed heat exchanger
WASTE HEAT Waste heat boiler
PLAT FRAM Plate and frame heat exchanger
CORRUGATED Sanitary double pipe exchangerHOT WATER Water heater (shell+tube - hot water set)
MULTI P F Sanitary multizone plate+frame exchanger
STM HE MOD Sanitary direct steam heat module
Item Type Description
KETTLE Kettle type reboiler with floating head
U TUBE U-tube kettle type reboiler
THERMOSIPH Thermosiphon type reboiler
Item Type Description
HEATER A-frame type process furnace
BOX Box type process furnace
PYROLYSIS Pyrolysis unit
REFORMER Box type reformer, without catalyst
VERTICAL Vertical cylindrical process furnace
Item Type Description
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1 Introduction to Process Equipment (G6) 1-11
Packing, Linings (PAK, LIN)
Chapter 7: Pumps
Centrifugal Pumps (CP)
Gear Pumps (GP)
Piston, Other Positive Displacement Pumps (P)
Item Type Description
PACKING Packing, variety of vessel packings
ACID BRICK Acid brick lining
MONOLITHIC Castable, refractory or gunned mix
OTHER Lining - other than acid brick, monolithic
Item Type Description
API 610 API 610 pump (single or multi-stage)
ANSI Standard ANSI single stage pump
ANSI PLAST Plastic ANSI single stage pump
GEN SERV General service pump
CENTRIF Centrifugal single or multi-stage pump
AXIAL FLOW Axial flow vertical pump
TURBINE Vertical sump pump - turbine impeller
API 610 IL API 610 in line pump
IN LINE General service in line pump
PULP STOCK Low consistency stock pump
MAG DRIVE Standard ANSI magnetic drive pump
CANNED Canned motor pump
- SAN PUMP Sanitary centrifugal pump
- FLUME PUMP Sanitary fluming pump with feeder hopper
Item Type Description
GEAR Standard external gear rotary pump
CANNED RTR Canned rotary gear pump
MECH SEAL Mechanical seal gear pump
Item Type DescriptionSIMPLEX Reciprocating simplex pump - steam driver
DUPLEX Reciprocating duplex pump - steam driver
TRIPLEX Triplex (plunger) pump - motor driver
DIAPHRAGM Diaphragm pump - TFE type
SLURRY Slurry pump
ROTARY Rotary (sliding vanes) pump
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1-12 1 Introduction to Process Equipment (G6)
Chapter 8: Towers, Columns
Double Diameter Towers (DDT)
Single Diameter Towers (TW)
Chapter 9: Vacuum Systems
Condensers (C)
Ejectors (EJ)
RECIP MOTR Reciprocating positive displacement plunger pump
HD STOCK High density stock pump
ROTARYLOBE Sanitary rotary lobe pump
AIR DIAPH Sanitary air diaphragm pump
Item Type Description
PACKED Packed double-diameter tower
TRAYED Trayed double-diameter tower
Item Type Description
PACKED Packed tower
TRAYED Trayed tower
TRAY STACK Tray stack for tray tower
DC HE TW Direct contact heat exchanger tower
TS ADSORB Dual vessel temperature swing adsorber
Item Type Description
BAROMETRIC Barometric condenser
Item Type Description
SINGLE STG One stage ejector non-condensing
TWO STAGE Two stage ejector with one condenser
2 STAGE Two stage ejector non-condensing4 STAGE B Four stage ejector with two condensers
4 STAGE Four stage ejector with one condenser
5 STAGE B Five stage ejector with one condense
Item Type Description
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1 Introduction to Process Equipment (G6) 1-13
Vacuum Pumps (VP)
Chapter 10: Vessels
Horizontal Tanks (HT)
Vertical Tanks (VT)
Chapter 11: Crushers, Mills and StockTreatment
Item Type Description
WATER SEALS Water-sealed vacuum pump
MECHANICA Mechanical oil-sealed vacuum pump
MECH BOOST Mechanical booster vacuum pump
Item Type Description
MULTI WALL Multi-wall horizontal drum
HORIZ DRUM Horizontal drum
JACKETED Jacketed horizontal drum
SAN TANK Sanitary horizontal drum
Item Type Description
CYLINDER Vertical process vessel
MULTI WALL Multi-wall vertical process vessel
JACKETED Jacketed vertical process vessel
SPHERE Sphere - pressure or vacuum storage
SPHEROID Spheroid - pressure or vacuum storage
STORAGE Flat bottom storage tank, optional roof
CRYOGENIC Cryogenic storage tank
PLAST TANK Plastic storage tank (FRP or Haveg)
WOOD TANK Wooden storage tank
GAS HOLDER Low pressure gas storage vessel
CONE BTM Cone bottom storage bin
LIVE BTM Live bottom storage bin
CHEST REC Rectangular concrete tile chest
CHEST CYL Cylindrical concrete tile chest
CHEST MTL Metal tile chest
SAN TANK Sanitary vertical cylindrical vessel
SAN HOPPER Sanitary hopper assembly
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1-14 1 Introduction to Process Equipment (G6)
Crushers (CR)
Flakers (FL)
Mills (M)
Stock Treatment (ST)
Chapter 12: Drying Systems
Item Type Description
CONES Cone crusher - secondary crushing
GYRATORY Gyratory - primary and secondary crushing
ECCENTRIC Overhead eccentric jaw crusher
JAW Swing jaw crusher
ROTARY Rotary crusher
S ROLL LT Single roll crusher - light duty
S ROLL MED Single roll crusher - medium duty
S ROLL HVY Single roll crusher - heavy duty
SAWTOOTH Sawtooth roller crusher
REV HAMR Reversible hammermill
HAMMER MED Non-reversible hammermill, medium hard material
SWING HAMR Non-reversible hammermill, hard material
BRADFORD Bradford (rotary) breaker
S IMPACT Single rotor impact breaker
PULVERIZER Pulverizer - crushing soft material
ROLL RING Ring granulator
Item Type Description
DRUM Rotary drum flaker
Item Type DescriptionATTRITION Attrition mill
AUTOGENOUS Autogenous mill
BALL MILL Ball mill with initial ball charge
ROD MILL Rod mill with initial rod charge
MIKRO PULV Mikro-pulverizer
ROLLER Roller mill
ROD CHARGR Rod charger for rod mill
Item Type Description
REFINER Double disk refiner
DEFLAKE DK Plate or tackle type deflaker
DEFLAKE CN Conical type deflaker
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1 Introduction to Process Equipment (G6) 1-15
Crystallizers (CRY)
Evaporators (E)
Wiped Film Evaporators (WFE)
Air Dryers (AD)
Dryers (D)
Drum Dryers (DD)
Item Type Description
BATCH VAC Batch vacuum crystallizer
MECHANICAL Mechanical scraped-surface crystallizer
OSLO Oslo growth type crystallizer
Item Type Description
FALL FILM Agitated falling film evaporator
FORCED CIR Forced circulation evaporator
LONG TUBE Long tube rising film evaporator
LONG VERT Long tube vertical evaporator
STAND VERT Standard vertical tube evaporator
STAND HOR Standard horizontal tube evaporator
Item Type Description
THIN FILM Agitated thin film evaporator
WFE SYSTEM Agitated thin film evaporator - package system
Item Type Description
AIR DRYER Dual tower desiccant air dryer
Item Type Description
ATMOS TRAY Atmospheric tray batch dryer
VAC TRAY Vacuum tray batch dryer
PAN Agitated pan batch dryer
SPRAY Continuous spray drying system
Item Type Description
SINGLE ATM Single atmospheric drum dryer
DOUBLE ATM Double atmospheric drum dryer
SINGLE VAC Single vacuum rotary drum dryer
S COOKCOOL Rotary drum cooker-cooler
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1-16 1 Introduction to Process Equipment (G6)
Rotary Dryers (RD)
Tray Drying Systems (TDS)
Chapter 13: Solids Conveying
Conveyors (CO)
Cranes (CE)
Elevators, Lifts (EL)
Item Type Description
DIRECT Direct rotary dryer
INDIRECT Indirect rotary dryer
JAC VACUUM Jacketed rotary vacuum dryer
VACUUM Conical rotary vacuum dryer
Item Type Description
ATM SYSTEM Atmospheric tray dryer
VACUUM Vacuum tray dryer
TURBO Turbo tray drying system
VAC SYSTEM Vacuum tray dryer with condenser
Item Type Description
OPEN BELT Belt conveyor - open
CLOSED BLT Belt conveyor - covered
APRON Apron conveyor - pans on endless chain
PNEUMATIC Pneumatic conveying system
ROLLER Roller conveyor (non-motorized)
SCREW Screw conveyor in a U-shaped trough
VIBRATING Vibrating conveyor with inclined trough
CENT BKT L Elevator-spaced bucket
CONT BKT L Elevator-continuous bucket
Item Type Description
BRIDGE CRN Traveling bridge crane
HOIST Hoist with track beam
Item Type Description
FREIGHT Freight elevator
PASSENGER Passenger elevator
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1 Introduction to Process Equipment (G6) 1-17
Feeders (FE)
Hoists (HO)
Scales (S)
Chapter 14: Separation Equipment
Centrifuges (CT)
Item Type Description
BELT Volumetric belt feeder
BIN ACTVTR Bin activator
ROTARY Rotary feeder
VIBRATING Vibrating feeder
WT LOSS Loss-in-weight feeder
DUMPER Sanitary dumper
SACK DUMP Sanitary bulk bag unloader
SAN SCREW Sanitary screw feeder
SAN BELT Sanitary weigh belt feeder
Item Type Description
HOIST 5-speed electric hoist - motorized trolley
1 SPEED 1-speed electric hoist - no trolley
5 SPEED 5-speed electric hoist - no trolley
HAND GT Hand hoist - manual pull chain trolley
HAND PT Hand hoist - manual trolley
HAND NT Hand hoist - no trolley
Item Type Description
BEAM SCALE Beam scale
BELT Conveyor belt scaleBENCH Bench scale - dial and beam
FULL FRAME Full floor scale - dial and beam
SEMI FRAME Semi frame floor scale - dial and beam
TANK SCALE Tank scale - weigh bridge and saddles
TRACK Track scale for rail cars
TRUCK Truck (lorry) scale
SAN FLOOR Sanitary floor scale - flush mounted
Item Type Description
ATM SUSPEN Atmospheric suspended basket centrifuge
BATCH AUTO Auto batch filtering centrifuge
BATCH BOTM Batch bottom - suspended centrifuge
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1-18 1 Introduction to Process Equipment (G6)
Dust Collectors (DC)
Filters (F)
TOP UNLOAD Batch top unload centrifuge
BOT UNLOAD Batch bottom unload centrifuge
BATCH TOP Batch top-suspended centrifuge
DISK High-speed disk centrifuge
RECIP CONV Reciprocating conveyor centrifuge
SCROLL CON Scroll conveyor centrifuge
SOLID BOWL Solid bowl centrifuge
SCREEN BWL Screen bowl centrifuge
TUBULAR High-speed tubular centrifuge
VIBRATORY Vibrating screen centrifuge
INVERTING Inverting filter centrifuge
Item Type Description
CENTRF PRE Centrifugal precipitator
CLOTH BAY Baghouse with motor shakers
CYCLONE Cyclone dust collector
MULT CYCLO Multiple cyclone dust collector
ELC H VOLT High voltage electrical precipitator
ELC L VOLT Low voltage electrical precipitator
WASHERS Washer dust collector
PULSE SHKR Baghouse with injected pulsed air
Item Type Description
CARTRIDGE Cartridge filter (5 micron cotton)
LEAF DRY Pressure leaf-dry filter
LEAF WET Pressure leaf-wet filter
PLATE FRAM Plate and frame filter
ROTY DISK Rotary disk filter
ROTY DRUM Rotary drum filter
SEWAGE Sewage filter
SPARKLER Sparkler filter
TUBULAR Tubular fabric filter (bank of 3)
SCROLL Scroll discharge centrifugal filter
WHITEWATER White water filter - centrifugal screen
METAL TRAP Sanitary in-line metal trap
RECL REEL Sanitary fluming reclaim reel
SAN AIR Culinary (sterile) air filter
SAN PIPE Sanitary pipe filter
SAN PRESS Sanitary filter press
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1 Introduction to Process Equipment (G6) 1-19
Separation Equipment (SE)
Thickeners (T)
Screens (VS)
Chapter 15: Utility Service Systems
Cooling Towers (CTW)
SAN STEAM Culinary (sterile) steam filter
SAN STRAIN Sanitary pipe strainer
Item Type Description
WATER CYCL Water-only cyclone - mineral separation
OIL WATER Oil-water separator - API type
PULP STOCK Pulp stock centrifugal cleaner
Item Type Description
THICKENER Thickener/clarifier
Item Type Description
ONE DECK Single deck rectangular vibrating screen
TWO DECK Double deck rectangular vibrating screen
THREE DECK Triple deck rectangular vibrating screen
HUMMER Hummer type screen for fine separation
SIFTER 1 Single deck circular vibrating screen
SIFTER 2 Double deck circular vibrating screen
SIFTER 3 Triple deck circular vibrating screen
PRESSURE Pressure screen
LD STOCK Low consistency stock pump
BAR Mechanical bar screen
Item Type Description
COOLING Cooling tower, less pumps, field assembly
COOLING WP Cooling tower, complete, field assembly
Item Description
PACKAGED Packaged cooling tower, factory assembly
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1-20 1 Introduction to Process Equipment (G6)
Steam Boilers (STB)
Heating Units (HU)
Refrigeration Units (RU)
Electrical Generators (EG)
Water Treatment Systems (WTS)
Chapter 16: Flares and Stacks
Flares (FLR)
Item Type Description
BOILER Packaged boiler unit
STM BOILER Field erected boiler unit
Item Type Description
CYLINDER Process heater type dowtherm unit
Item Type Description
CENT COMPR Centrifugal compression refrigeration unit
MECHANICAL Mechanical compression refrigeration unit
Item Type Description
PORTABLE Portable electrical generator - diesel
TURBO GEN Electrical generator - steam turbine drive
Item Type Description
DEMINERAL Two stage ion exchange water treatment
SOFTENING Hot lime, zeolite water treatment system
AERATOR Surface aerator
Item Type Description
DERRICK Derrick-supported flare stack
GUYED Guyed flare stack
SELF SUPP Self-supported flare stack
HORIZONTAL Horizontal ground flare
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1 Introduction to Process Equipment (G6) 1-21
Stacks (STK)
THRM OX LC Recuperative thermal oxidizer
STORAGE Vapor control flare for storage/loading
Item Type Description
STACK Stack without flare tip
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1-22 1 Introduction to Process Equipment (G6)
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2 Agitators (G6) 2-1
This chapter contains information on the following topics:
Agitators (AG)
Agitated Tanks (AT)
Description of Agitated Tanks
Impeller Types - General Range of Basic Data**
Impeller Type References
Impeller Materials
Blenders (BL)
Kneaders (K)
Mixers (MX)
2 Agitators (G6)
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2-2 2 Agitators (G6)
Agitators (AG)Description Type
Portable, clamp-on, direct drive with explosion-proofmotor.Typically used for rapid disperation or fastreactions.
Material:
*CS*, SS304, SS316, MONEL, RUBCV
Driver Power:
0.75 - 3 HP [0.75 - 2.22 KW]
DIRECT
Portable, clamp-on, gear drive with explosion-proofmotor. Typically used to keep solids in suspension,medium viscosity blending and dissolving.
Material:
*CS*, SS304, SS316, MONEL, RUBCV
Driver Power:
0.25 - 5 HP; [0.75 - 3 KW]
GEAR DRIVE
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2 Agitators (G6) 2-3
Agitators (AG) - continued
Description Type
Fixed mount, top-entering, gear drive, mechanicalseal, explosion-proof motor. Typically used for lowspeed mixing on closed tanks. Shaft enters tankthrough a mechanical seal.
Material:
*CS*, SS304, SS316, MONEL, RUBCV
Impeller diameter:
Max: 10 FEET [3.00 M]
Driver power:
Min: 2.00 HP [1.5 KW];
Max: 200 HP [140 KW]
Impeller Speed:
Min: 1,200 RPM [1,000 RPM];
Max: 1,800 RPM [1,500 RPM]
Driver type:
*STD*- Standard motor
VFD- Variable frequency drive
Impeller type:
*MP3B5*
MECH SEAL
Fixed mount, top-entering, gear drive, anchor, stuffingbox,explosion-proof motor. Typically used for lowspeed mixing on closed tanks.
Material:
*CS*, SS304, SS316, MONEL, RUBCV
Driver power:
0.75 - 5 HP [0.75 - 3 KW]
ANCHOR
Portable propeller mixer with motor to 7.5 HP[5.5 KW].
Material:
*CS*, SS
Driver power:
0.33 - 7.5 HP [0.75 - 5.5 KW]
PORT PROP
Fixed propeller mixer with motor and gear drive to 100HP [75 KW].
Includes motor, gear drive, shaft and impeller.
Material:
*CS*, SS
Driver power:
2 - 100 HP [1.5 - 75 KW]
FIXED PROP
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2-4 2 Agitators (G6)
Agitators (AG) - continued
Description Type
Top entry (for Open or Closed tanks) and Side entrytype. Includes motor driver, baseplate, bearings,speed reducer, seals and a variety of shaft andimpeller configurations.
Material:
*CS*, SS403, SS316, SS321, SS347, 304L, 316L,NI,INCNL, MONEL, HAST, TI
Driver type:
DRCT - Direct drive, no speed reduction
BELT- Belt driven speed reduction
VFD - Variable frequency drive
GEAR - Gear drive speed reduction
Liquid volume:
Enter Capacity or Impeller Diameter
Impeller diameter:
Enter Capacity or Impeller Diameter
Agitator orientation:
Default: *VTOP*
VTOP - Top entry agitator for open tanks
VTCL - Top entry agitator for closed tanks
SIDE - Side entry agitator
Driver speed:
Max: 3,600 RPM [3,000 RPM, metric units];
Default: *1,800* RPM: [*1,800* RPM, metric units]
Consistency - Air Dried%:
Max: 10.0; Default: *4.0*
Fluid density:
*62.4* PCF [*1000* KG/M3]
Seal type:
Default: *PACK*
PACK - Packing
MECH - Mechanical seal
PULP STOCK
Sanitary reversing anchor agitator
With large paddle, reversing motor, and proximitysensors. Stainless steel material for sanitation.
If you require a foundation for this item, it must beadded.
Liquid volume:MIN: 50 GALLONS [0.19 M3],MAX: 1,000 GALLONS [3.78 M3]
Agitator diameter:
MIN: 32 INCHES [813 MM],MAX: 72 INCHES [1,825 MM]
Agitator height:
MIN: 24 INCHES [610 MM],MAX: 72 INCHES [1,825 MM]
ANCHOR REV
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2 Agitators (G6) 2-5
Agitators (AG) - continued
Description Type
Sanitary counter-rotating agitator
Two-piece agitator with center armed shaft and outerframe parallel wall rotating opposite each other.Stainless steel material for sanitation.
If you require a foundation for this item, it must beadded.
Liquid volume:
MIN: 50 GALLONS [0.19 M3];MAX:1,000 GALLONS [3.78 M3].
Required to enter capacity.
Agitator diameter:
MIN: 32 INCHES [813MM], MAX: 72 INCHES [1,825 MM]
Agitator height:
MIN: 24 INCHES [610 MM],
MAX: 72 INCHES [1,825 MM]
COUNT ROT
Sanitary highshear homogenizing agitator
Agitators perforated disk rotates to create shear forhomogenizing immiscible liquids. Used in the sanitaryindustry.
If you require a foundation for this item, it must beadded.
Liquid volume:
MIN: 3 GALLONS [0.012 M3],
MAX: 1,500 GALLONS [5.67 M3].
Required:Enter either liquid volume or driver power.
Seal for shaft: *NO*- Shaft seal not required
YES- Shaft seal is required
Driver power:
MIN: 0.33 HP [0.25 KW], 40 HP [30 KW].
Required:Enter either liquid volume or driver power.
Driver type:
*WXXDC*- Washdown, direct drive, CS
WVRDC - Washdown, VFD rated, direct drive, CS WVCDC- Washdown, VFD controlled, direct dive,
CS
WXXDS - Washdown, direct drive, SS
WVRDS - Washdown, VFD rated, direct drive, SS WVCDS - Washdown, VFD controlled, direct
drive, SS
TXXDC - TEFC, direct drive, CS
TVRDC - TEFC, VFD rated, direct drive, CS
TVCDC - TEFC, VFD controlled, direct drive, CS
- Continued on next page -
HIGH SHEAR
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2-6 2 Agitators (G6)
Agitators (AG) - continued
Description Type
HIGH SHEAR - continued
Impeller type:
*INTGH*- Integral headRSDIH- Rotator stator w/ slotted disintegr. head
RSSQR- Rotator stator w/ high shear screen RSGEN-Rotator stator w/ GP disintegrating head
Sanitary fixed propeller/turbine mixer.
Stainless steel material for total washdown capabilityand no risk of open container contamination frompaint chips.
If you require a foundation for this item, it must beadded.
Driver power:
MIN: 0.5 HP [0.375 KW], 25 HP [18.5]Driver type:
*WVRGP*- Washdown, VFD rated, gear drive
WVCGP - Washdown, VFD controlled, gear driveWXXGP- Washdown, gear drive
Impeller type:
*PROP*- propeller type impeller (not availableabove 3 HP [2.22 KW])
TURB- turbine type impeller
No. of impellers:
*1*, MIN: 1, MAX: 2
Angle riser:
*NO*- Angle riser not required
YES- Angle riser is required
Mounting type:
*UNSLF*- Unsealed flange mounting
SLF- Sealed flange mounting
FLWB- Flange with bridge
SAN FIXED
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2 Agitators (G6) 2-7
Agitators (AG) - continued
Description Type
Sanitary port. propeller/turbine mixer
Stainless steel material for total washdown capability
and no risk of open container contamination frompaint chips. Quick-disconnect prop allows for easyinspection.
Driver type selections allow you to choose betweengear or direct drives. Gear drives feature removableshafts retained by a positive fit internal shaft coupling.Direct drives have fixed, non-removable shafts with asealed entry at the mounting flange face for superiorsanitation.
If you require a foundation for this item, it must beadded.
Driver power:MIN: 0.33 HP [0.25 KW],MAX: 0.75 HP [0.55 KW]
Driver type:
*WVRDN*- Washdown, VFD rated, directdrive, NI plate
WVRGN- Washdown, VFD rated, gear drive, NIplate
WVCDN- Washdown, VFD contr, direct drive,NI plate
WVCGN- Washdown, VFD contr, gear drive, NIplate
SAN PORT
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2-8 2 Agitators (G6)
Agitated Tanks (AT)Small to large, pressure/vacuum, jacket, driver, motor-reducer, agitator andsupports.
For MIXER, REACTORand OPEN TOP:
Liquid Volume:To secure desired vessel size, specify the diameter andheight directly. A value must be specified if diameter and height are not bothspecified. Otherwise, calculated from diameter and height. If both vesseldimensions and capacity are specified, the system-calculated capacity mustagree with the specified capacity to within +/- 10%.
Skirt or Leg Height:If the capacity is 1000 GAL. [37 M3] or less, the vesselis designed with 4 FEET [1.25 M] pipe legs. For a capacity greater than 1000GAL. [37 M3], the vessel is designed with a skirt. The skirt height is calculatedas 1.5 x (vessel diameter) with minimum and maximum heights of 4 and 32FEET [1.25 and 9.5 M] respectively. Enter 0.0 if hung in open structure.
Manhole Diameter:If no value is specified, a value is calculated as a functionof vessel diameter and height with a maximum manhole diameter of 48
INCHES [1200 MM].Corrosion Allowance:For CS alloys, the default is 0.125 INCHES [3 MM];0.0 for all other materials.
Weld Efficiency%:5- - 100 (For ASME and JIS codes only).
Product Density:*62.4* PCF [*1,000*KG/M3]
Viscosity:*1.0* CPOISE [*1.0* MPA-S]
Description Type
Pressure/vacuum vessel, optional jacket
Includes top entering impeller and geared motor-reducer, tank designed for 15 PSIG[100 KPA].
Application:Defines vessel function and related pipe/instrum.model.
- Standard continuous process
BATCH- Batch process
Shell Material:For clad plate, specify the backing plate material.(Cladding is defined below.) Default: *A285C*.
Liquid Volume:Enter either Capacity or Diameter and Height.
Vessel Diameter:Enter either Capacity or Diameter and Height.
Vessel Tangent to Tangent Height:Enter either Capacity or Diameter and Height.
- Continued on next page -
MIXER
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2 Agitators (G6) 2-9
Agitated Tanks (AT)- continued
Description Type
MIXER- continued
Design Gauge Pressure:
Default: *15* PSIG [*100* KPA]If pressure and vacuum entered, design is for worstcase. Default: Pressure.
Vacuum Design Gauge Pressure:
If pressure and vacuum entered, design is for worstcase. Default: Pressure.
Design Temperature:
*250* DEG F [*120* DEG C]
Operating Temperature:
Default: Design temperature.
Jacket Design Gauge Pressure:
Pressure must be specified to obtain a jacket.Default: No jacket.
Jacket Type:
Default: *FULL*
FULL - Full jacket
PIPE - Half-pipe jacket
Jacket Thickness:
Jacket pressure or thickness required to obtain jacket.Default: No jacket.
Jacket Material:
Default: *CS*
CS - Carbon steel
A 515 - A 515
A 204C - C - .5Mo A 387B - 1Cr - .5Mo
A 387D - 2.25Cr - 1Mo
SS304 - SS304
SS316 - SS316
SS321 - SS321
SS347 - SS347
SS410 - SS410
SS430 - SS430
304L - 304L
316L - 316L
NI - Nickel
INCNL - Inconel MONEL - Monel
HAST - Hastelloy
- Continued on next page -
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2-10 2 Agitators (G6)
Agitated Tanks (AT)- continued
Description Type
MIXER- continued
SEE CARBON STEEL
- Select from types of Carbon Steel SEE HEAT-TREATED STEEL
- Select from types of Heat Treated Steel
SEE LOW ALLOY STEEL
- Select from types of Low Alloy Steel
SEE HIGH ALLOY STEEL
- Select from types of High Alloy Steel
SEE NON-FERROUS
- Select from types of Non-Ferrous Steel
Driver Type:
Default: *STD*
STD - Standard motor
VFD - Variable frequency driveCladding Material:
Default: None.
Skirt or Leg Height:
Enter 0.0 if hung in OPEN structure, legs provided ifcapacity < 10,000 GAL [37 M3].
Manhole Diameter:
If no value is specified, a value is calculated as afunction of vessel diameter and height with amaximum manhole diameter of 48 INCHES [1200MM].
Base Material Thickness:
Base material thickness including corrosion allowance.
Corrosion Allowance:
For CS alloys, the default is 0.125 INCHES [3 MM]; 0.0for all other materials.
Weld Efficiency%:
5 - 100 (For ASME and JIS codes only).
Stress Relief:
CODE - Provide stress relief if code requires
YES - Provide stress relief
NO - No stress relief required
Cladding Thickness:
Default: 0.125 INCHES [3 MM] if cladding material isspecified; otherwise 0.0.
Fluid Depth:
Maximum fluid depth: vessel height less 12 INCHES[300 MM]
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2 Agitators (G6) 2-11
Agitated Tanks (AT)- continued
Description Type
MIXER- continued
Fluid Density:
*62.4* PCF [*1,000* KG/M3]Fluid Viscosity:
*1.0* CPOISE [*1.0* MPA-S]
Impeller Type:
See Impeller Types table later in this chapter.
Stiffening Ring Spacing:
Default stiffeners designed for vacuum only, enter 0.0if not required.
Number of Body Flange Sets:
Number of sets (pairs) of body flanges of samediameter as vessel.
Diameter Option:
Defines desired diameter as ID or OD.Default: See Area Design Basis.
OD- Outside Diameter
ID- Inside Diameter
Open with loose-fitting cover, optional jacket. Includesimpeller and geared motor reducer, supported bystructural steel spanning tank top, tank without head.
Shell Material:
For clad plate, specify the backing plate material.(Cladding is defined below.) Default: *A285C*.
Liquid Volume:
Enter either capacity or diameter and height.
Vessel Diameter:
Enter either capacity or diameter and height.
Vessel Tangent to Tangent Height:
Enter either capacity or diameter and height.
Design Temperature:
Default: *68* DEG F [*20* DEG C]
Operating Temperature:
Default: Design Temperature.
Jacket Design Gauge Pressure:
Jacket pressure or thickness required to obtain jacket.Default: no jacket.
Jacket Type:Default: *FULL*
FULL- Full jacket
PIPE- Half-pipe jacket
- Continued on next page -
OPEN TOP
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2-12 2 Agitators (G6)
Agitated Tanks (AT)- continued
Description Type
OPEN TOP- continued
Jacket Thickness:
Jacket pressure or thickness required to obtain jacket.Default: no jacket.
Jacket Material:
Default: *CS*
CS- Carbon steel
A 515- A 515
A 204C- C - .5Mo
A 387B- 1Cr - .5Mo
A 387D- 2.25Cr - 1Mo
SS304- SS304
SS316- SS316
SS321- SS321
SS347- SS347 SS410- SS410
SS430- SS430
304L- 304L
316L- 316L
NI- Nickel
INCNL- Inconel
MONEL- Monel
HAST- Hastelloy
SEE CARBON STEEL
- Select from types of Carbon Steel
SEE HEAT-TREATED STEEL
- Select from types of Heat Treated Steel SEE LOW ALLOY STEEL
- Select from types of Low Alloy Steel
SEE HIGH ALLOY STEEL
- Select from types of High Alloy Steel
SEE NON-FERROUS
- Select from types of Non-Ferrous Steel
Driver Type:
Default: *STD*
STD- Standard Motor
VFD- Variable frequency drive
Cladding Material:
Default *none*.
Skirt or Leg Height:
Enter 0.0 if hung in OPEN structure, legs provides ifcapacity < 10,000 GAL. [37 M3].
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2 Agitators (G6) 2-13
Description Type
OPEN TOP- continued
Manhole Diameter:
Max: 48 INCHES [1200 MM].
Base Material Thickness:
Base material thickness including corrosion allowance.
Corrosion Allowance:
Default 0.125 INCHES [3.0 MM] for CS; 0.0 for othermaterial; double if jacketed.
Weld Efficiency:
ASME/JIS codes only, where allowed for thin wallvessels; Default: Area Basis 50 - 100.
Stress Relief:
Default: See Area Basis
CODE- Provide stress relief if code requires
YES- Provide stress relief
NO- No stress relief required
Cladding Thickness:
Default: 0.125 INCHES [3 MM] if cladding material isspecified; otherwise: 0.0.
Fluid Depth:
Maximum fluid depth: vessel height less 12 INCHES[300 MM].
Fluid Density:
Default: *62.40* PCF.
Fluid Viscosity:
Default: *1.00* CPOISE.
Impeller Type:
See Impellor Types table.
Stiffening Ring Spacing:
Default stiffeners designed for vacuum only, enter 0.0if not required.
Number of Body Flange Sets:
Number of sets (pairs) of body flanges of samediameter as vessel.
Diameter Option:
Defines desired diameters as ID or OD;
Default: See Area Design Basis.
OD- Outside diameter
ID- Inside diameter
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2-14 2 Agitators (G6)
Agitated Tanks (AT)- continued
Description Type
Pressure/vacuum vessel, jacketed.
Includes jacket motor gear drive and shaft seal,agitator, shaft, thermometer well, blow-pipe,insulation and safety valves. Rating of full vacuum anddesign pressure.
Application symbol:
Defines vessel function and related pipe/instrum.model.
- Standard continuous process
BATCH- Batch process
Shell Material:
For clad plate, specify the backing plate material.(Cladding is defined below.) Default: *A285C*.
Liquid Volume:
Enter either Capacity or Diameter and Height.
Vessel Diameter:Enter either Capacity or Diameter and Height.
Vessel Tangent to Tangent Height:
Enter either Capacity or Diameter and Height.
Design Gauge Pressure:
Default: *15* PSIG [*100* KPA]
If pressure and vacuum entered, design is for worstcase.
Default: Pressure.
Vacuum Design Gauge Pressure:
If pressure and vacuum entered,
design is for worst case. Default: Pressure.
Design Temperature:
Ferrous matl: 650 DEG F [340 DEG C];
Other matl: 250 DEG F [120 DEG C].
Operating Temperature:
Default: Design temperature.
Jacket Design Gauge Pressure:
*90* PSIG [*620* KPA]
Jacket Type:
Default: *FULL*
FULL- Full jacket
PIPE- Half-pipe jacket
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REACTOR
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2 Agitators (G6) 2-15
Agitated Tanks (AT)- continued
Description Type
REACTOR - continued
Jacket Material:Default: *CS*
CS - Carbon steel A 515 - A 515
A 204C - C - .5Mo
A 387B - 1Cr - .5Mo
A 387D - 2.25Cr - 1Mo
SS304 - SS304
SS316 - SS316
SS321 - SS321
SS347 - SS347
SS410 - SS410
SS430 - SS430
304L - 304L
316L - 316L NI - Nickel
INCNL - Inconel
MONEL - Monel
HAST - Hastelloy
SEE CARBON STEEL
- Select from types of Carbon Steel
SEE HEAT-TREATED STEEL
- Select from types of Heat Treated Steel
SEE LOW ALLOY STEEL
- Select from types of Low Alloy Steel
SEE HIGH ALLOY STEEL
- Select from types of High Alloy Steel SEE NON-FERROUS
- Select from types of Non-Ferrous Steel
Driver Type:
Default: *STD*
STD - Standard motor
VFD - Variable frequency drive
Cladding Material:
Default: None.
Skirt or Leg Height:
Enter 0.0 if hung in OPEN structure, legs provided ifcapacity < 10,000 GAL [37 M3].
Manhole Diameter:
If no value is specified, a value is calculated as afunction of vessel diameter and height with amaximum manhole diameter of 48 INCHES[1200 MM].
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2-16 2 Agitators (G6)
Agitated Tanks (AT)- continued
Description Type
REACTOR - continued
Base Material Thickness:
Base material thickness including corrosion allowance.Corrosion Allowance:
For CS alloys, the default is 0.125 INCHES [3 MM]; 0.0for all other materials.
Weld Efficiency:
5 - 100 (For ASME and JIS codes only).
Stress Relief:
CODE- Provide stress relief if coderequires
YES- Provide stress relief
NO- No stress relief required
Cladding Thickness:
Default: 0.125 INCHES [3 MM] if cladding material isspecified; otherwise 0.0.
Fluid Depth:
Maximum fluid depth: vessel height less12 INCHES [300 MM]
Fluid Density:
*62.4* PCF [*1,000* KG/M3]
Fluid Viscosity:
*1.0* CPOISE [*1.0* MPA-S]
Impeller Type:
See Impeller Types table later in this chapter.
Stiffening Ring Spacing:
Default stiffeners designed for vacuum only, enter 0.0if not required.
Number of Body Flange Sets:
Number of sets (pairs) of body flanges of samediameter as vessel.
Diameter Option:
Defines desired diameter as ID or OD.
Default: See Area Design Basis.
OD- Outside Diameter
ID- Inside Diameter
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2 Agitators (G6) 2-17
Agitated Tanks (AT)- continued
Description Type
Pulpers are used for pulping the waste generated bymill operation or in a paper recycling process. Hencethe two types: on-machine and off-machine pulpers.Both include a pulping tank with support legs, nozzles
(feed, drain and level control). The pulper itselfconsists of an extraction plate, extraction chamberwith flanged outlet, rotor blade, hub, shaft with gearor V-belt drive, drive motor, motor coupling and anadapter plate. Multiple rotors can be selected.
MACH PUMP
Application Symbol:Default: *BATCH*
BATCH - Batch pulper
CONT- Continuous pulper
Tank or Vat Material:CS, SS304, *SS316*, SS321, SS347, 304L, 316L, NI,INCNL, MONEL, HAST, TI
Configuration:
Default: *RECT*
CYLIN- Cylindrical tank
RECT- Rectangular tank
Hydraulic Volume:
Enter pulping rate or hydraulic capacity.
Pulping Rate Air Dried:
Enter pulping rate or hydraulic capacity.
Tank Length or Diameter:
Enter length for rectangular tank or diameter forcylindrical tank.
Vessel Width:
Rectangular tanks only.
Number of Rotors or Drives:
1-2; Default: *1*.
Consistency Air Dried:
Max: 18; Default: *4.00*
Impeller Type:
Default: *STD*
STD - Standard rotor shaft length
EXTD - Extended rotor shaft length
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MACH PULP
OFF MACH
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2-18 2 Agitators (G6)
Description Type
MACH PULP- continued
Impeller Material:
CS, SS304, *SS316*, SS321, SS347, 304L,
316L, NI, INCNL, MONEL, HAST, TI
Driver Type:
Default: *GEAR*
BELT - Belt driven speed reduction
GEAR - Gear drive speed reduction
Design Temperature:
*68.0* DEG F [*20.0* DEG C]
Seal for Shaft:
Default: *PACK*
PACK - Packing
MECH - Mechanical seal
Corrosion Allowance:
For CS alloys, the default is 0.125 INCHES [3 MM]; 0.0for all other materials.
Driver Speed:
Max: 3,000 RPM [2,600 RPM];
Default: *1,500* RPM [*1,800 RPM]
Vessel Leg Height:
*10.0* FEET [*3.00* M]
Number of Manholes: Default: *1*.
Manhole Diameter:
If no value is specified, a value is calculated as afunction of vessel diameter and height with amaximum manhole diameter of 48 INCHES[1200 MM].
Default: *18* INCHES [*450* MM]
Application Symbol:Default: *BATCH*
BATCH - Batch pulper
CONT - Continuous pulper
Tank or Vat Material:CS, SS304, *SS316*, SS321,SS347, 304L, S16L, NI, INCNL, MONEL, HAST, TI.
Configuration:Default: *CYLIN*
CYLIN - Cylindrical tank
RECT - Rectangular tank
Hydraulic Volume:Enter tank capacity or tankdimensions.
Tank Length or Diameter:Enter tank capacity or
dimensions, diameter for cylindrical, length forrectangular.
Vessel Height:Enter tank capacity or tankdimensions.
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OFF MACH
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2 Agitators (G6) 2-19
Agitated Tanks (AT)- continued
Description Type
OFF MATCH- continued
Vessel Width:
Enter tank capacity or dimensions, width isforrectangular tanks only.
Number of Rotors or Drives:
1-2, Default: *1*.
Consistency Air Dried:
Max: 18; Default: *4.0*.
Impeller Type:
Default: *EXTD*.
- Standard rotor shaft length
EXTD - Extended rotor shaft length
Impeller Material:
CS, SS304, *SS316*, SS321, SS347, 304L, S16L, NI,
INCNL, MONEL, HAST, TIDriver Type:Default: *GEAR*
BELT - Belt driven speed reduction
GEAR - Gear drive speed reduction
Design Temperature:
Default: *68.0* DEG F [*20.0* DEG C].
Seal for Shaft:
Default: *PACK*.
PACK - Packing
MECH - Mechanical seal
Corrosion Allowance:
For CS alloys, the default is 0.125 INCHES [3.0 MM];
0.0 for all other materials.Driver Speed:
Max: 3,000 RPM [2,600 RPM];
Default: *1,500 RPM [*1,800* RPM].
Vessel +Leg Height:
Default *10* FEET [*3.0* M].
Number of Manholes:
Default: *1*.
Manhole Diameter:
If no values is specified, a value is calculated as afunction of vessel diameter and height with amaximum diameter of 48 INCHES [1,200 MM].
Default: *18* INCHES [*450* MM].
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2-20 2 Agitators (G6)
Agitated Tanks (AT)- continued
Description Type
Conditioning cell for floatation machine.
Material:
Default: *CS*
Cell Volume:10.0 - 1,500.0 CF [0.3 - 40 M3]
COND CELL
Floatation machine, minerals separation, multi-cell.
Floatation machine for selectively separatingminerals by agitation, air dissemination andchemical adhesion. Includes one row of cellsconnected in series with one feed box, onedischarge box and one connection box for eachgroup of four cells.
Material:
Default: *CS*
Volume Per Cell:10 - 1,500 CF [0.3
- 40 M3]
Number of Cells:Refers to number per rowconnected in series.
Number of Cells Per Motor:
1 - 2; Default: *1*
FLOAT CELL
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2 Agitators (G6) 2-21
Description of Agitated Tanks
1 Reynolds Number (RN), dimensionless: RN = (D2N) (FD/FV)
2 Froude Number (FN), dimensionless: FN = g/N2D
3 Power Number (PN), dimensionless: PN = (Pgc/FD) (N3D5)
4 Power Function (PF), dimensionless:For RN > 300 and for unbaffled tanks,
log PF = log PN - (a-log RN) (log FN) /b
For RN < or = 300 for tanks with or without baffles,
FP = PN
5 Relationships between PF, PN, FN, RN for each impeller listed in theImpeller Types table are contained in the AT agitated tank model. Power isderived from PN.
6 General Nomenclature
Variable Description Value
a impeller contant See Impeller Types table
b impeller contant See Impeller Types table
D impeller diameter
FN Froude Number
g local acceleration due to gravity
gc gravitational constant See Chapter 29: Units ofMeasure
N rotational speed of impeller
P power to shaft of impeller
PN Power number
RN Reynolds numberFD fluid density
FV fluid viscosity
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2-22 2 Agitators (G6)
Impeller Types - General Range of BasicData**
Impeller Reynolds Number Baffles
No.TypeSymbol Type D/d L/d E/d
Low -High No. B/D Ref
1 T6FB Turbine withsix flat blades.B=0.25d;Blade Height =0.2d
3 2.7-3.9 0.75-1.3 1-106 4 0.17 1
2 T6FB2 Same as No.1 3 2.7-3.9 0.75-1.3 1-106 4 0.10 1
3 T6FB3 Same as No.1 3 2.7-3.9 0.75-1.3 1-106 4 0.04 1
4* T6FB4 Same asNo.1;a=1,b=40
3 2.7-3.9 0.75-1.3 1-106 0 - 1
5 T6CB Turbine with
six curvedblades. Bladesizes same asNo.1
3 2.7-3.9 0.75-1.3 1.8-106 4 0.10 1
6 T6AB Turbine withsix arrowheadblades. Bladesize same asNo.1
3 2.7-3.9 0.75-1.3 3-106 4 0.10 1
7 STDR Shroudedturbine with sixblades. 20blade deflector
ring.
2.4 0.74 0.9 20,000-90,000
0 - 2
8 STDR2 Similar to No.7,but notidentical.
3 2.7-3.9 0.75-1.3 2.5-106 0 - 1
9 ST Same as No.8,but no deflectorring.
3 2.7-3.9 0.75-1.3 10-106 4 0.10 1
10 AT8B45 Axial turbinewith eightblades at a 45degree angle.See No.11.
3 2.7-3.9 0.75-1.3 1.8-106 4 0.10 1
11 AT4B60 Axial turbine
with fourblades at a 60degree angle.B=0.25d.
3 3 0.50 15-
60,000
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2 Agitators (G6) 2-23
Impeller Types - General Range of Basic Data**- continued
* Surface effects are important. Froude number is included for Reynolds
Numbers great than 300.
**System will permit extension beyond these ranges. Please check yourresults.
Impeller Reynolds Number Baffles
No.TypeSymbol Type D/d L/d E/d
Low -High No. B/D Ref
12 AT4B45 Axial turbinewith fourblades at a 45degree angle.See No. 11
5.2 5.2 0.87 600-40,000
0 - 3
13 P4B Paddle withfour blades.
3 3 0.50 200 -70,000
0 - 3
14 P2B3 Paddle with twoblades. SeeNo.13.
3 2.7-3.9 0.70-1.3 2-106 4 0.10 1
15 MP3B2 Marinepropeller withthree blades.Pitch-2d;
a=1.7; b=18.
3.3 2.7-3.9 0.75-1.3 2.5-106 0 - 1
16 MP3B5 Same asNo.15, butpitch=1.05d;a-2.3; b=18.
4.5 2.7-3.9 0.75-1.3 2.5-106 0 - 1
17* MP3B6 Same asNo.15, butpitch=1.04d;a=0; b=18.
4.5 2.7-3.9 0.75-1.3 2.5-106 0 - 1
18 MP3B7 Same asNo.15, butpitch=d
3 2.7-3.9 0.75-1.3 2.3-106 4 0.10 1
19* MP3B8 Same as
No.15, butpitch=d;a=2.1; b=18.
3 2.7-3.9 0.75-1.3 2.5-106 0 - 1
20 MP3B9 Same asNo.15, butpitch=d
3.8 3.5 1.0 300-500,000
0 - 4
21 HRA Helical ribbon.Ribbonwidth=d/8.5;helicalscrew=D/30.
1.05 1.5 - 0.7-23 0 - 5
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2-24 2 Agitators (G6)
Impeller Materials
Impeller Type References
If Component Impeller Material
CLAD Match cladding
GLSCS SS316 blades/shaft
Other Match steel
Ref Reference for Impeller Type
1 Rushton, J. H., E. Costich, and H. J. Everett, Presented at Annual Meeting ofthe American Institute of Chemical Engineers, Detroit, 1947.
2 Olney, R. B., and G. J. Carlson, Chemical Engineering Progress, 43, 473,1947.
3 Hixson, S. Q., and S. J. Baum, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 34, 194,1942.
4 Stoops, C. E., and C. L. Lovell, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 35, 845,
1943.
5 Gray, J. B., Chemical Engineering Progress, 59, 55, 1963.
Legend for Impellers
B- Baffle width
D- Tank diameter
d- Impeller diameter
E- Impeller elevationabove tank bottom.
H- Tangent-to-tangent
height of tank.L- Liquid level in tank.
Motor/Reducer
12 INCH Min.
H L
E
B
d
D
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2 Agitators (G6) 2-25
Blenders (BL)Rotary, batch, dry or semi-dry solids, motor and speed reducer.
Description Type
Rotary drum.
For batch blending of dry or semi-dry solids. Includesmotor and drive.
Material:
*CS*, SS
Blender Volume:
1 - 450 CF [0.03 - 12 M3]
Product Density:
MAX: 200 PCF [3,200 KG/M3];
Default: *50* PCF [*800* KG/M3]
Driver Speed:
Default: *1,800* RPM
BLENDER
Rotary double-cone.
For batch blending of dry solids. Includes motor anddrive.
Material:
*CS*, SS316
Blender Volume:
5 - 350 CF [0.02 - 9 M3]
Driver Speed:
30 x Hz RPM
Material:
GSLCS
Blender Volume:
2 - 165 CF [0.06 - 2.5 M3]
Driver Speed:
30 x Hz RPM
.ROTARY
Sanitary kettle blender without agitator.
Used for gentle blending or folding of viscousmixtures. Add agitator separately.
If you require a foundation for this item, it must beadded.
Liquid Volume:
MIN: 50 GALLONS [0.19 M3], MAX: 600 GALLONS[0.19 M3]
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KETTLE
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2-26 2 Agitators (G6)
Blenders (BL)- continued
Description Type
KETTLE - continued
Operating Temperature:
*68 DEG F[20 DEG C]
Cover Type:
*LFTHG*- Lift-off or hinged cover
NONE- No cover required
Lift off cover to 80 GAL [0.3 M3], else hinged cover.
Jacket option:
*NO*- Jacket not required
YES- Jacket is required
Mounting type:
*RIM*- Rim mounting
LEGS- Leg type mounting
Sanitary rotary bowl blender.
Consists of a stainless steel drum with motordrive mounted on a frame. Used for wet or drymixtures.
If you require a foundation for this item, it mustbe added.
Material:
SS304, *SS316*
Liquid Volume:
MIN: 25 GALLONS [0.1 M3],
MAX: 160 GALLONS [0.6 M3]
Mounting type:
*FIXD*- Fixed type blender
PORT- Portable type blender on casters
ROTARY-BOWL
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2 Agitators (G6) 2-27
Blenders (BL)- continued
Description Type
Sanitary, multi-shell, staggered blender
Continuous, zig-zag type blender combines theaction of a rotating, eccentric drum with multiplerecycling. Used for either uniform solids-solidsblending (e.g., blending vitamins into cereals) or, ifSOL-LIQ is selected in the Appl icationfield, solids-liquids blending (e.g., coating food particles withsweeteners). Solids are fed through an inlet chute. If
SOL-LIQ is selected, a dispersion head is included forliquid injection.
Although not included on the inputs, this piece ofequipment either operates at 50% (recommended) orat 100% of its capacity. When the capacity isspecified, the system selects a model that can providethe capacity while operating at 50% of the model's
rated capacity. However, if a diameter is specified, thesystem provides the rated capacity in the results.
If you require a foundation for this item, it mustbe added.
Material: SS304, *SS316*
Flow rate:
MIN: 250.0 LB/H [115.0 KG/H],
MAX: 500,000.0 LB/H [227,000.0 KG/H]. Enterdiameter or capacity. Capacity limits are at defaultdensity and residence time.
Blender diameter:
MIN: 8 INCHES [200 MM], 40 INCHES[1,000 MM].
Blender type:
*SOL-SOL*- Solids-solids blending
SOL-LIQ- Solids-liquids blending
Driver type:
*WVRDC*- Washdown, VFD rated, directdrive, CS
WVCDC- Washdown, VFD controlled, directdrive, CS
Product residence time:
MIN: 1.00 MINUTES,
MAX: 3.00 MINUTES, Default: *1.50 MINUTES*Product density:
MIN: 30.0 PCF [480.0 KG/M3],
MAX: 300.0 PCF [4,800.0 KG/M3}; Default: *40 PCF[640 KG/M3].*
MSHELSTAG
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2-28 2 Agitators (G6)
Kneaders (K)Jacket, motor, motor reducer, cover, nozzles and agitator.
Description Type
Stationary, u