AgileEVM Delivering Value within Constrained Systems
Brent Barton, President, Agile Advantage, Inc.
! The Problem ! An Agile Story ! Contracts vs Value ! Scrum (An Agile Project Management Framework)
! TradiAonal Earned Value Management ! Agile Earned Value Management (AgileEVM) ! Project Case Study ! Open Discussion
*Slides available via slideshare.net or geHngagile.com
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! Robert Gates, the United States Secretary of Defense, in a September 2008 speech, said, “Our convenAonal modernizaAon programs seek a 99% soluAon in years. Stability and counterinsurgency missions—the wars we are in—require 75% soluAons in months.
3 ©2011 Agile Advantage, Inc. All rights reserved.
Agile Methods: Selected DoD Management and AcquisiAon Concerns, Carnegie Mellon University, October 2011, p. ix
This is the best, simplest, easiest to use applica1on we have ever go7en in both
Customer Care and the Retail Stores!
Whatever you all did, I want more of that!
Value
Cost Savings
New Revenue
Compliance
Customer SaAsfacAon
Employee SaAsfacAon
Shareholder Value
Revenue RetenAon
Cost Savings
Employee SaAsfacAon Customer SaAsfacAon
New Revenue through efficiency
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! # Lives saved ! Simple to Use
! Secure ! ?
7 ©2011 Agile Advantage, Inc. All rights reserved.
Value
Scope
Schedule Cost
The primary purpose of the [EVMS] system is to support program management*
* Earned Value Management Systems ANSI/EIA-‐748-‐B-‐2007 8
! Time and Materials (T & M)
! Fixed Price ! Cost Plus IncenAve Fee ! IDIQ/Delivery orders
• or task orders
9 ©2011 Agile Advantage, Inc. All rights reserved.
These are cost-‐based!
Value
Constraints (Schedule, Cost, Scope)
Quality
Source: Jim Highsmith
Strategic
Required to make good Decisions
Informs and Guides
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We are uncovering beqer ways of developing sorware by doing it and helping others do it. Through this work we have come to value:
Individuals and interacAons over processes and tools Working sorware over comprehensive
documentaAon Customer collaboraAon over contract negoAaAon
Responding to change over following a plan
That is, while there is value in the items on the right, we value the items on the ler more.
11 ©2011 Agile Advantage, Inc. All rights reserved. hqp://agilemanifesto.org/
! It is not possible to completely specify an interacAve system. Wegner’s Lemma, 1995
! Uncertainty is inherent and inevitable in sorware development processes and products. Ziv’s Uncertainty Principle, 1996
! For a new sorware system the requirements will not be completely known unAl arer the users have used it. Humphrey’s Requirements Uncertainty Principle, c. 1998
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! Stack Ranked PrioriAzaAon based on Business Value and risk
! Self organizing, cross-‐funcAonal teams
! DefiniAon of Done ! PotenAally Shippable Increments
! Velocity ! ConAnuous Improvement
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Management Reserve!
(PV)
Total Allocated Budget!
Time!Now!
Completion!Date!
$ PMB
EAC
Time
Planned Value
(AC) Actual Cost
Performance Management Baseline
EsAmate at Complete
(EV) Earned Value
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CPI < 1 CPI =1 CPI > 1
Over Budget On Budget Under Budget
SPI < 1 SPI =1 SPI > 1
Behind Schedule On Schedule Ahead of Schedule
Cost Performance Index (CPI=EV/AC)
Schedule Performance Index (SPI=EV/PV)
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! Integrates cost and schedule management
! Forecasts in financial units based on units used for actual cost
! Decades of use ! Part of PMBOK (ANSI/PMI 99-‐001-‐2008)
! Part of EVMS (ANSI/EIA-‐748-‐B-‐2007)
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! Typical implementaAons expect everything fully defined up front
! No asserAon of quality ! Claiming value earned on intermediate work products
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Ugh!
! A planning package is a holding account (within a control account) for budget for future work that it is not yet pracAcable to plan at the work package level. The planning package budget is Ame-‐phased in accordance with known schedule requirements (due dates) for resource planning, and the plans are refined as detail requirements become clearer and the Ame to begin work draws nearer. A program may elect to break the work assigned to a control account into smaller groupings of tasks, i.e., mulAple planning packages, for internal planning and control reasons.
-‐Earned Value Management Systems ANSI/EIA-‐748-‐B-‐2007
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! There is no standard advance planning look-‐ahead period (i.e., a planning “horizon” or “window”) for conversion of planning packages into work packages that is appropriate for all programs or condiAons. Each organizaAon must determine its own policies in this regard.
-‐Earned Value Management Systems ANSI/EIA-‐748-‐B-‐2007
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! MathemaAcally proven that Forecasts based on average velocity (story points)≡ esAmate at complete EAC (dollars)
! Key AssumpAon: The raAo of (story points completed)/(total story points in a release) is a good measure of Actual Percent Complete
Sulaiman, Barton, Blackburn “AgileEVM -‐ earned value management in Scrum projects,” 2006 hqp://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=1667558
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! Release Baseline • Budget (BAC) • IniAal Scope • Start Date
! Each IteraAon (Sprint) • Points accepted by Product Owner
– meets DefiniAon of Done • Points add or removed from release scope • Actual Cost
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! Now we can focus on Value…
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! Because the performance measurement baseline (PMB) is expressed as “number of story points planned” rather than at the level of specific tasks, it allows course correcAons to be made without disrupAon or re-‐baselining of the PMB.
! This addresses the criAcism expressed in the Defense AcquisiAon Reform Findings and RecommendaAons (DARFAR) report regarding the inability of tradiAonal EVMS to idenAfy issues related to “contract requirements that uqerly failed to meet warfighter needs” [House Armed Services Commiqee 2010].
23 ©2011 Agile Advantage, Inc. All rights reserved.
Agile Methods: Selected DoD Management and AcquisiAon Concerns, Carnegie Mellon University, October 2011, p. 63
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! Integrated Cost and Schedule informaAon provides beqer insights than schedule alone
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! Focus on delivering value ! Constraints inform, not dictate outcomes
! Quality must be part of the decision process
! AgileEVM helps communicate by translaAng points to dollars • Can provide alternaAves to contracAng challenges
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! President: Agile Advantage, Inc. ! Former CTO, Development Manager,
PMO Manager, Agile Coach, Mentor, CerAfied Scrum Trainer, ScrumMaster, Product Owner
! AcAve pracAAoner delivering value using Agile and helping others do it; from small Product companies to very large organizaAons
[email protected] www.agileadvantage.com Blog: geHngagile.com Twiqer: brentbarton
! ArAcles • “Manage Project Por�olios More EffecAvely by Including Sorware Debt in the Decision Process”,
Cuqer Journal 2010 • “AgileEVM – Earned Value Management in Scrum Projects”, IEEE 2006 • “ImplemenAng a Professional Services OrganizaAon Using Type C Scrum”, IEEE • “Establishing and Maintaining Top to Boqom Transparency Using the Meta-‐Scrum”, AgileJournal • “All-‐Out OrganizaAonal Scrum as an InnovaAon Value Chain”, IEEE