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Electron shellFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation,search
Periodic table with electron shells
An electron shellmay be thought of as an orbitfollowed by electronsaround an atomnucleus.ecause each shell can contain only a fi!ed number of electrons, each shell is associated with aparticular range of electron energy, and thus each shell must fill completely before electrons canbe added to an outer shell. "he electrons in the outermost shell determine the chemical propertiesof the atom #see $alence shell%. For an e!planation of why electrons e!ist in these shells seeelectron configuration.&'(
Contents
&hide( ' )istory * +hells
+ubshells
http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Special:LandingCheck?landing_page=WMFJA026&language=en&country=IN&utm_source=20101219_JA027B_EN&utm_medium=sitenotice&utm_campaign=20101219JA045http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Special:LandingCheck?landing_page=WMFJA026&language=en&country=IN&utm_source=20101219_JA027B_EN&utm_medium=sitenotice&utm_campaign=20101219JA045http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Special:LandingCheck?landing_page=WMFJA026&language=en&country=IN&utm_source=20101219_JA027B_EN&utm_medium=sitenotice&utm_campaign=20101219JA045http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Special:LandingCheck?landing_page=WMFJA026&language=en&country=IN&utm_source=20101219_JA027B_EN&utm_medium=sitenotice&utm_campaign=20101219JA045http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Special:LandingCheck?landing_page=WMFJA026&language=en&country=IN&utm_source=20101219_JA027B_EN&utm_medium=sitenotice&utm_campaign=20101219JA045http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#mw-headhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#mw-headhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#p-searchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_nucleushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valence_electronhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_configurationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_configurationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#cite_note-corrosionsource.com-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#Historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#Shellshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#Subshellshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Periodic_Table_of_Elements_showing_Electron_Shells.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Periodic_Table_of_Elements_showing_Electron_Shells.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shellhttp://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Special:LandingCheck?landing_page=WMFJA026&language=en&country=IN&utm_source=20101219_JA027B_EN&utm_medium=sitenotice&utm_campaign=20101219JA045http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Special:LandingCheck?landing_page=WMFJA026&language=en&country=IN&utm_source=20101219_JA027B_EN&utm_medium=sitenotice&utm_campaign=20101219JA045http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Special:LandingCheck?landing_page=WMFJA026&language=en&country=IN&utm_source=20101219_JA027B_EN&utm_medium=sitenotice&utm_campaign=20101219JA045http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Special:LandingCheck?landing_page=WMFJA026&language=en&country=IN&utm_source=20101219_JA027B_EN&utm_medium=sitenotice&utm_campaign=20101219JA045http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Special:LandingCheck?landing_page=WMFJA026&language=en&country=IN&utm_source=20101219_JA027B_EN&utm_medium=sitenotice&utm_campaign=20101219JA045http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#mw-headhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#p-searchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_nucleushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valence_electronhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_configurationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#cite_note-corrosionsource.com-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#Historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#Shellshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#Subshells -
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- umber of electrons in each shell
/ $alence shells
0 1ist of elements with electrons per shell
2 +ee also
3 4eferences
[edit] istor!
"he shell terminology comes from Arnold +ommerfeld5s modification of the ohr model.+ommerfeld retained ohr5s planetary model, but added additional mildly elliptical orbits#characteri6ed by additional 7uantum numbers land m% to e!plain the fine spectroscopicstructure of some elements.&*("he multiple electrons with the same principal 7uantum number #n%
had close orbits that formed a 8shell8 of finite thickness instead of the infinitely thin circularorbit of ohr5s model.
"he e!istence of electron shells was first observed e!perimentally in 9harles arkla5s and )enryoseley5s ;% shell has one subshell, called 8's8 the second #1% shell hastwo subshells, called 8*s8 and 8*p8 the third shell has 8s8, 8p8, and 8d8 and so on.&'("hevarious possible subshells are shown in the following table:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#Number_of_electrons_in_each_shellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#Valence_shellshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#List_of_elements_with_electrons_per_shellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Electron_shell&action=edit§ion=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_Sommerfeldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_Sommerfeldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr_modelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Barklahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Barklahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Moseleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Moseleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Moseleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-rayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-rayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal_quantum_numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal_quantum_numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal_quantum_numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal_quantum_numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siegbahn_notationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siegbahn_notationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_chemisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Newton_Lewishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Newton_Lewishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linus_Paulinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linus_Paulinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Electron_shell&action=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Electron_shell&action=edit§ion=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_orbitalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_orbitalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#cite_note-corrosionsource.com-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#Number_of_electrons_in_each_shellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#Valence_shellshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#List_of_elements_with_electrons_per_shellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Electron_shell&action=edit§ion=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_Sommerfeldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr_modelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Barklahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Moseleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Moseleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-rayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principal_quantum_numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siegbahn_notationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_chemisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Newton_Lewishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linus_Paulinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Electron_shell&action=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Electron_shell&action=edit§ion=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_orbitalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_orbitalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_shell#cite_note-corrosionsource.com-0 -
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S"#shell la#el Ma% electrons Shells containin& it istorical na'e
s D * Bvery shell sharp
p ' 0 *nd shell and higher rincipal
d * 'D rd shell and higher diffuse
f '- -th shell and higher fundamental
g - '3 /th shell and higher "he first column is the 8subshell label8, a lowercase
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Although that formula gives the ma!imum in principle, in fact that ma!imum can only beachieved#by known elements% for the first four shells #>,1,,%. o known element has morethan * electrons in any one shell.&-(&/("his is because the subshells are filled according to theAufbau principle. "he first elements to have more than * electrons in one shell would belong tothe g
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- eryllium *, * *
/ oron *, '
0 9arbon *, - '-
2 itrogen *, / '/3 ?!ygen *, 0 '0
I Fluorine *, 2 '2
'D eon *, 3 '3
'' +odium *, 3, ' '
'* agnesium *, 3, * *
' Aluminium *, 3, '
'- +ilicon *, 3, - '-
'/ Phosphorus *, 3, / '/
'0 +ulfur *, 3, 0 '0
'2 9hlorine *, 3, 2 '2
'3 Argon *, 3, 3 '3
'I Potassium *, 3, 3, ' '
*D 9alcium *, 3, 3, * *
*' +candium *, 3, I, *
** "itanium *, 3, 'D, * -
* $anadium *, 3, '', * /
*- 9hromium *, 3, ', ' 0
*/ anganese *, 3, ', * 2
*0 Cron *, 3, '-, * 3
*2 9obalt *, 3, '/, * I
*3 ickel *, 3, '0, * 'D
*I 9opper *, 3, '3, ' ''
D inc *, 3, '3, * '*
' =allium *, 3, '3, '
* =ermanium *, 3, '3, - '-
Arsenic *, 3, '3, / '/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berylliumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boronhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calciumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scandiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titaniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganesehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ironhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobalthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinchttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galliumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsenichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berylliumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boronhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnesiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliconhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calciumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scandiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titaniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganesehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ironhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobalthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinchttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galliumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germaniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsenic -
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- +elenium *, 3, '3, 0 '0
/ romine *, 3, '3, 2 '2
0 >rypton *, 3, '3, 3 '3
2 4ubidium *, 3, '3, 3, ' '3 +trontium *, 3, '3, 3, * *
I Kttrium *, 3, '3, I, *
-D irconium *, 3, '3, 'D, * -
-' iobium *, 3, '3, '*, ' /
-* olybdenum *, 3, '3, ', ' 0
- "echnetium *, 3, '3, ', * 2
-- 4uthenium *, 3, '3, '/, ' 3
-/ 4hodium *, 3, '3, '0, ' I
-0 Palladium *, 3, '3, '3 'D
-2 +ilver *, 3, '3, '3, ' ''
-3 9admium *, 3, '3, '3, * '*
-I Cndium *, 3, '3, '3, '
/D "in *, 3, '3, '3, - '-
/' Antimony *, 3, '3, '3, / '/
/* "ellurium *, 3, '3, '3, 0 '0
/ Codine *, 3, '3, '3, 2 '2
/- ;enon *, 3, '3, '3, 3 '3
// 9aesium *, 3, '3, '3, 3, ' '
/0 arium *, 3, '3, '3, 3, * *
/2 1anthanum *, 3, '3, '3, I, *
/3 9erium *, 3, '3, 'I, I, *
/I Praseodymium *, 3, '3, *', 3, *
0D eodymium *, 3, '3, **, 3, *
0' Promethium *, 3, '3, *, 3, *
0* +amarium *, 3, '3, *-, 3, *
0 Buropium *, 3, '3, */, 3, *
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seleniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brominehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kryptonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubidiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strontiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yttriumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zirconiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niobiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molybdenumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technetiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutheniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palladiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimonyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telluriumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bariumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceriumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praseodymiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neodymiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promethiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samariumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seleniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brominehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kryptonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubidiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strontiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yttriumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zirconiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niobiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molybdenumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technetiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutheniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palladiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimonyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telluriumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bariumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceriumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praseodymiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neodymiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promethiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samariumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europium -
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0- =adolinium *, 3, '3, */, I, *
0/ "erbium *, 3, '3, *2, 3, *
00 Lysprosium *, 3, '3, *3, 3, *
02 )olmium *, 3, '3, *I, 3, *03 Brbium *, 3, '3, D, 3, *
0I "hulium *, 3, '3, ', 3, *
2D Ktterbium *, 3, '3, *, 3, *
2' 1utetium *, 3, '3, *, I, *
2* )afnium *, 3, '3, *, 'D, * -
2 "antalum *, 3, '3, *, '', * /
2- "ungsten *, 3, '3, *, '*, * 0
2/ 4henium *, 3, '3, *, ', * 2
20 ?smium *, 3, '3, *, '-, * 3
22 Cridium *, 3, '3, *, '/, * I
23 Platinum *, 3, '3, *, '2, ' 'D
2I =old *, 3, '3, *, '3, ' ''
3D ercury *, 3, '3, *, '3, * '*
3' "hallium *, 3, '3, *, '3, '
3* 1ead *, 3, '3, *, '3, - '-
3 ismuth *, 3, '3, *, '3, / '/
3- Polonium *, 3, '3, *, '3, 0 '0
3/ Astatine *, 3, '3, *, '3, 2 '2
30 4adon *, 3, '3, *, '3, 3 '3
32 Francium *, 3, '3, *, '3, 3, ' '
33 4adium *, 3, '3, *, '3, 3, * *
3I Actinium *, 3, '3, *, '3, I, *
ID "horium *, 3, '3, *, '3, 'D, *
I' Protactinium *, 3, '3, *, *D, I, *
I* Hranium *, 3, '3, *, *', I, *
I eptunium *, 3, '3, *, **, I, *
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gadoliniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terbiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysprosiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holmiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erbiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thuliumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ytterbiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutetiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungstenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iridiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platinumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_(element)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalliumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poloniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astatinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actiniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoriumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protactiniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uraniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neptuniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gadoliniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terbiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysprosiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holmiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erbiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thuliumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ytterbiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lutetiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hafniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantalumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungstenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iridiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platinumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_(element)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalliumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poloniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astatinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franciumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actiniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoriumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protactiniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uraniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neptunium -
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I- Plutonium *, 3, '3, *, *-, 3, *
I/ Americium *, 3, '3, *, */, 3, *
I0 9urium *, 3, '3, *, */, I, *
I2 erkelium *, 3, '3, *, *2, 3, *I3 9alifornium *, 3, '3, *, *3, 3, *
II Binsteinium *, 3, '3, *, *I, 3, *
'DD Fermium *, 3, '3, *, D, 3, *
'D' endelevium *, 3, '3, *, ', 3, *
'D* obelium *, 3, '3, *, *, 3, *
'D 1awrencium *, 3, '3, *, *, 3, #M%
'D- 4utherfordium *, 3, '3, *, *, 'D, * -
'D/ Lubnium *, 3, '3, *, *, '', * /
'D0 +eaborgium *, 3, '3, *, *, '*, * 0
'D2 ohrium *, 3, '3, *, *, ', * 2
'D3 )assium *, 3, '3, *, *, '-, * 3
'DI eitnerium *, 3, '3, *, *, '/, * I
''D Larmstadtium *, 3, '3, *, *, '2, ' 'D
''' 4oentgenium *, 3, '3, *, *, '3, ' ''
''* 9opernicium *, 3, '3, *, *, '3, * '*
'' Hnuntrium *, 3, '3, *, *, '3, '
''- Hnun7uadium *, 3, '3, *, *, '3, - '-
''/ Hnunpentium *, 3, '3, *, *, '3, / '/
''0 Hnunhe!ium *, 3, '3, *, *, '3, 0 '0
''2 Hnunseptium *, 3, '3, *, *, '3, 2 #M% '2
''3 Hnunoctium *, 3, '3, *, *, '3, 3 '3
[edit] See also
Blectron counting '3
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Wikimedia 9ommons has media related to:Electron shell diagrams
1. N ab9orrosion +ource < Blectron +ubshells2. Lonald +adoway,Introduction to Solid State Chemistry, 1ecture /
3. "he statement that the electrons in a subshell have e!actly the same level of energy is true in anisolated atom, where it follows 7uantumids < ?rbitals
5. Blectron O +hell 9onfiguration
6. $ision 1earning < 9hemical 4eactions
7. 9hemguide < Atomic ?rbitals
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