Download - Automatic Fare Collection
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Automatic Fare Collection
For
Buses
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Modules Of The Machine
Machine A :- The machine at the entrance
gate of the bus.
Machine B :- At the exit of the bus. Machine C :- Recharging Machine.
Smart Card
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EXPLANATION OF THEMODULES
MACHIN
EA
Machine at the entrance.
It is fitted with Radio Frequency based
transmitter receiver which operates at
433Mhz frequency.
This machine interacts with the users Smart
Card and receives the user identity which is a8-bit code
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This machine is embedded with
PIC 16F877A microcontroller of Microchip
family.
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MACHINE B
It is similar in design as Machine A but fitted
at the exit end of the bus.
This machine is also fitted with transmitterreceiver which is used to take the final
reading from the transducer.
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MACHINE C
This machine is used for recharging the
Smart Card.
Similar in design with Machine A andMachine B
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WORKING
User touches his Smart Card to the Machine A at
the entrance of the bus.
Identity of the users Smart Card is transmitted by
the card and received by the Machine A. Identity and Balance is verified.
Current reading of the Odometer is updated on the
card and the user is provided access.
At the terminating end user touches the Smart Card
to the Machine B at the exit gate.
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Now the current reading of odometer isupdated in another variable.
Difference between both the reading is
calculated and according to the fixed rate
charge is deducted from the balance of theuser and updated in the card.
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POWERSUPPLY
R17
1KC5
100UF,35V D3
LED
U5LM7805/TO
1
2
3VIN
G
N
D VOUT
SW3
SW OCTAL
1 2 3
456
C8
100UF,16V
C7
0.1UF
GND
C6
0.1UF
J7
CON2
1
2
D2
1N4007
VCC
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PROCESSING MODULE
U1
16F877A
1
23
4
567
89
10
1112
1314
15
1617
18 19
2021
22
2324 25
26
2728
2930
31
3233
343536
37
3839
40MCLRA0
A1A2
A3
A4
A5E0
E1
E2VDD1
VSS1XTL1
XTL2
RC0
RC1RC2
RC3 RD0
RD1RD2
RD3
RC4
RC5 RC6
RC7
RD4
RD5RD6
RD7VSS2
VDD2
RB0RB1
RB2
RB3
RB4RB5
RB6RB7
R16 1K
VCC
SW2 SW PUSHBUTTON
J2
CON4
1
23
4
R11
1K
LS1
BUZZER
1
2
Q5BC547
1
2
3
J3
CON4
1
234
R1 1K
Y1
CRYSTAL
Q6
BC547
1
2
3
C11
0.1UF
GND
GND
U2
HT648L
9
11
1314
15
1617
1819202122
231
23
4
56
7
8
10
24
12
DIN
OSC1
A0
A1
A2A3
A4
A5A6
A7
A8A9
D10
D11D12
D13
D14D15
D16
D17
VT
OSC2
VDDVSS
J6
CON4
12
34
GND
VCC
R12
470E
C1210UF,16V
C9
10UF,16V
C1
15PF
R4 1K
Q1BC547
1
2
3
D1
LED
C3
0.1UF
R2 1M
R5
1K
R13
1K
C4
10UF,16V
VCC
Q3
BC547
1
2
3
GND
R6
470E
VCC
J5
CON16
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11
12
13
14
15
16
R3
1M
U3
HT640
12
3
45
6
78
9
10
11
12
13
14
1516
1718
19
2021
22
23
24
D1
D2
D3D4D5
D6D7
DOUT
TE
OSC1
OSC2
GND
A0A1
A2
A3A4
A5
A6A7A8
A9
D0
VCC
R14
470E
C10
0.1UF
C2
15PF
R9
1K
GND
R1510K
1 2
3
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8-BIT ENCODER
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8-BIT DECODER
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TRANSMITTER RECEIVERMODULE
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EXPLAINATION OF SCHEMATIC
DIAGRAM
HT-640 8-Bit Encoder is connected to Port C of
Micro Controller.
HT-648L 8-Bit Decoder is connected to Port D of
Micro Controller. Transmitter module is connected to A.0 through a
transistor BC547.
Output of Encoder (Serial Data) is connected to the
Input data pin of transmitter.
Buzzer is connected to A.1through a transistor
BC547.
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Transmitted data is received by the receiver
which is connected to controller at Port Dthrough Decoder.
LCD is connected at Port B of controller
which is used to display information.
a) Identity verification.
b) Balance and odometer reading.
c) Fare deducted.
d) Distance traveled.
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SPECIFICATIONS
INPUT VOLTAGE : +12 Volts
OPERATING VOLTAGE : +5 Volts
CLOCK FREQU
EN
CY : 20 Mhz TRANSMISSION AND
RECEPTION FREQUENCY: 433 Mhz
ENCODER-DECODER :8-Bit
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LAYOUT
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SOFTWARE USED
For circuit designing : Orcad 9.1
For programming : PIC C Compiler
Assembler : Microchip Assembler