AUTUMN SEMINARSAUTUMN SEMINARSLLP Erasmus Intensive Program
Making Civil Society Work and Fighting Social Exclusion
Pedagogy Institute of John Paul II Catholic University of LublinNovember 2008
Professor: ZACARÍAS ADAME GARCÍAProfessor: ZACARÍAS ADAME GARCÍAC.E.S. CARDENAL SPÍNOLA C.E.U.
SEVILLE UNIVERSITY
The Giralda is the bell tower of the Cathedral of
Seville.
The Alcalá del Río tower
(my town)Trinitarian Tower and Cathedral of Lublin.
SUMMARYSUMMARY
INTRODUCTION.
JUSTIFICATION.
DISCUSSION.
SIMULATIONS.
CONCLUSION.
REFERENCES.
ANNEXES.
1.1. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
AAlong years, Education has had numerous changes in relation to those new educational models that have wanted to impose its hegemony in the society at that moment. Gradually, several paradigms have been set in which students are the education process protagonists, constructors of this process and all this educational environment is based on their characteristics, peculiarities and interests.
Nowadays, in our society, we have a much
diversified population. If we centred this diversity
in the school context, we would had numerous
children with different characteristics and needs.
The students´ diversity is so high that they
present different educative needs. For this reason,
all children must be considered from their own
personality, and we have to take care of their own
needs (considering the familiar, school and socio-
economic environment).
Every student is different from other students,
that's why we have to use different methodologies
and resources in order to teach the same contents
in dissimilar ways. Sola & López (2000).
The family is the principal
educative atmosphere and all the
Programs and Interventions must turn
around it. Consequently, it’s the
intention of this communication to
present/display some Plans and
Programs that are developed in our
country, destined to the Attention of
the Special Education Need Students
and, in addition, to be able to
construct some of them, like resource
for make a Civil Society Work and
Social Fighting Exclusion.
Then, the intention of our subject will be to
know everything in relation to actual school,
inclusive (far from saved integration).
2. JUSTIFICATION2. JUSTIFICATION
Why this topic?Why this topic?
From my point of view, because of The
importance of the Students´ Diversity Attention (SDA).
I’ve decided present you this subject for these
several reasons:
1)1) The first one, through my daily work as a professor, I
could show you how we work in Spain with this kind of
students and how they behave in an ordinary class.
2)2) To be able to display present you some social works
from Spanish government [in Andalusia (a Spanish
Region), we have a very updated Educative Legislation,
for example, the new DIVERSITY ATTENTION ORDER,
by it’s regulated the Students´ Diversity Attention who
attend the basic education in the school publics of
Andalusia (25th July 2008)].
3)3) Finally, the most important main, is to
present/display the differences that exist between
Integration and the Inclusion School.
3. DISCUSSION3. DISCUSSION
3.1. Integration and Inclusion School.
The present school has a new challenge: the
Diversity Attention. There is Diversity when students are
considered different, and when all students can work
together (mainly capacities, motivation, interest and learning
rates) or social (language, ethnic group, religion, and
others). (Warnock, 1978).
But the Diversity exclusively doesn’t talk about
the students: the Diversity between professors and
between all the educative human groups also exists.
That is the reason why nowadays, we attended a terminological discussion between Integration and Inclusion.
Certain authors come indicating that the term Integration supposes a previous segregation and, for this reason, they propose an Inclusive Education that, firstly, accepts all the students, without estimating differences.
The Inclusive School is associated to the
quality of education, for all the students, without
exceptions, and with a philosophy that considering
the school like a social change motor of articles of
incorporation and attitudes, cradle in the equality
contemplates and the democracy, where the
diversity is a value in rise, starting of the following
premise: any student is educable.
Stainback, S., Stainback, W. and Jackson, H.J. (in Ríos Hernández, 2003), characterize to the School Inclusive like:
A school where previously exclusion does not exist. All the pupils must be included in the same schools and classrooms, without differences, adapting their education process and supporting pedagogically and socially all the students.
The school must facilitate the student’s autonomy and interdependence, with innovating strategies and resources that let all students work in the ordinary classrooms.
Communitarian networks of support must be developed and they should collaborate with the teaching staff.
3.2. Special Education Need Students.
DYNAMIC GROUP 1
What students do you think are disabled?
Could you recognize them in a picture?
Why?
Identify in the following images those students who have Special Educative Needs.
IMAGES SPECIAL EDUCATIVE NEEDS
OBSERVATIONS
11
22
33
44
55
66
77
88
99
1010
DYNAMIC GROUP 1
11
22
33
44
55
66
77
88
99
1010
In the actual Spanish educative legislation, the Diversity
Attention importance is located in the L.O.E. (our Education Law):
Law 2/2006, 3rd May, of Education.
TITLE II. Equity in the Education.
CHAPTER 1. Support educative specific need pupils:
Pupils who present/display special educative needs:
- Specific educative attention derived from incapacity. - Specific educative attention derived from serious
conduct problems.
Pupils with high intellectual capacities.
Pupils with delayed integration in the Spanish
educative system (immigrants, etc.).
Although we also were with other students who require special educative attention, like:
Socially underprivileged students.
Orphaned students.
Simply, any student who needs specific attentions:
For ex.: this student don't understand the
Mathematics
3.3. The Educative Inclusion from the Physical Education
and Sport.
The Special Physique Education is a “concept that tries
somehow to designer the sub-field of the Physical
education that works with Students who present
incapacity that, in the educative context are called
SPECIAL EDUCATION NEED STUDENTS. Zucchi (2004).
Nowadays, many initiatives,
plans and programs exist and,
from the Physical Education
and Sport, help to get an Inclusive
Education that responds to the
population needs.
Now, we will present some of these Plans and Programs:
Special Olympics
Plans and Programs.
Paralympics
Plans and Programs.
Law of dependency (in Spain)
There is a Dependence Law in order to help people that can not go on their own. They need other people to support them such as nurses and doctors. In addition the Spanish Government offers economic resources those families with this kind of needs.
Plans and Programs.
Plan of support to the families (Andalusia government)
Plans and Programs.
“The Sport in the School” (Andalusia government)
Plans and Programs.
“School: Space of Peace” (Andalusia government)
Plans and Programs.
Coeducation (Andalusia government)
Plans and Programs:
Plans of solidarity (city councils)
4. SIMULATION4. SIMULATION
Working in groups, with several established contexts,
you’ll prepare some materials to use in the discussion
panels (afternoon time).
DYNAMIC GROUP 2
SIMULATION ASIMULATION A
Context One school in the periphery of your city (far from all the community services.
Collective A group (classroom) with 24 students.
SDA (Students´ Diversity Attention)
There are two disabled children (sensorial disabled: blind children).
Educative Intervention Program
You must prepare one session about Basketball, Handball, and other sports, etc., with the following elements:
a) Objectives.
b) Main content.
c) Methodology.(SDA)
d) Activities, games, dynamics, etc.
e) Resources (spaces, materials and humans).
f) Evaluation.
g) Observations (f.ex.: collaboration of government institutions, city councils, etc.).
DYNAMIC GROUP 2
SIMULATION BSIMULATION B
Context One school in the city centre (with a lot of architectonic and humans barriers).
Collective A group (classroom) with 24 students.
SDA (Students´ Diversity Attention)
There are two disabled children (physique disabled: paraplegic children).
Educative Intervention Program
You must prepare one session about popular and traditional games of your country/region, with the following elements:
a) Objectives.
b) Main content.
c) Methodology.(SDA)
d) Activities, games, dynamics, etc.
e) Resources (spaces, materials and humans).
f) Evaluation.
g) Observations (f.ex.: collaboration of government institutions, city councils, etc.).
SIMULATION CSIMULATION C
Context One school located in rural village (with some communication problems: without telephone, Internet and heating).
Collective A small group (classroom) with 10 students.
SDA (Students´ Diversity Attention)
There are two disabled children (physique disabled: paraplegic children).
Educative Intervention Program
All the students present a different Special Education Needs (physique, sensorial and psychical disabled; immigrants and orphaned children; and others).
a) Objectives.
b) Main content.
c) Methodology.(SDA)
d) Activities, games, dynamics, etc.
e) Resources (spaces, materials and humans).
f) Evaluation.
g) Observations (f.ex.: collaboration of government institutions, city councils, etc.).
5. CONCLUSION5. CONCLUSION
To conclude, we can reflect concerning the real situation that exists in our different countries (Poland, Turkey, Slovakia, Lithuania, Finland, Germany, Spain, etc.), in relation to the SDA (Students´ Diversity Attention), with the following questions:
1. The SDA, it’s realised like INTREGRATION or INCLUSION? What would be the ideal? Nowadays, do we have in our schools INTEGRATION OR INCLUSION?
2. Do you consider the family like the most important element within the Educative Attention?
3. In your country…, do you have the enough resources to be able to take care the Special Education Need Students? Are people sensitized with this subject?
4. How do you think that the Government of your country would have to act of respect to these needs?
5. Personally, do you think that the Attention to the Special Education Need Students is an Important Social Work?
6. REFERENCES6. REFERENCES
GERMÁN ZUCCHI, D. (2004): Aportes de la Educación Física Especial al campo de la Educación Física. Revista Digital. Año 10 - N° 69. Buenos Aires. <http://www.efdeportes.com/>.
MEC (2006). Ley Orgánica de Educación, 2/2006, de 3 de mayo, de Educación. (BOE 106, 4-5-06).
RÍOS HERNÁNDEZ, M. (2003). “Manual de Educación Física adaptada al alumnado con discapacidad”. Barcelona. Ed. Paidotribo.
SOLA MARTÍNEZ, T. y LÓPEZ URQUIZAR, N. (2000): Enfoques didácticos y organizativos de la educación especial. Granada. Grupo Editorial Universitario.
WARNOCK, M. (1978). “WARNOCK, H.M. (1978). “Special education needs. Report of the Committee of Enquiry into the Education of Handicapped children and young people”. London. Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.
"Let me win. But if I cannot win, let me be brave in the attempt.“
Created by the Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr. Foundation
SPECIAL OLYMPICS
Thank you!!Thank you!!