Basic Geo Review Words

• The big bang• Edwin hubble• Spiral galaxy• Galaxies• Black dwarf• Supernova• Red giant• Ice Giant• Gas giants• Jovian Planets• Nebula• Terrestrial Planets• Paleozoic Era• Precambrian Eon

• Seismologist• Fault• Seismic Waves• Primary waves• Supervolcano• Stratocone Volcano• Convergent• Divergent• Plates• Transform• Subduction zone

The big bang

• The hypothesis the Universe all starts at one infinitely small point and is now expanding outward in a dramatic explosion

Edwin Hubble

• Scientist who discovered that the universe is expanding

Spiral Galaxy

• Galaxy that contains both young and old stars and has large arms

Galaxy

• A collection of gas, dust, and billions of stars… there are 3 different types.

Black Dwarf

• A cooled white dwarf that results from the death of a small or medium star

Supernova

• A super massive star will often ends its life in this large explosion.

Red Giant

• When a star begins to burn its helium it will swell and cool and turn red, this stage of the star cycle is called the _________ stage

Ice Giants

• This group of planets(Uranus and Neptune) are made of ice such as methane, ammonia, and water.

Jovian Planets

• This group of planets(Jupiter and Saturn) are made most of hydrogen and helium

Nebula

• A cloud of gas and dust that leads to the formation of stars and planets

Mesozoic Era

• The middle era of the history of life… this is when dinosaurs evolved some 220 to 65 million years ago.

Paleozoic Era

• The first era of ancient life. This is when nearly all animals evolved including fish and amphibians. This era ended in the largest extinction.. The Permian extinction.

Precambrian Eon

• The formation of the earth, oceans, and continents occurred during this section of time… 90% of earth history occurred during this time.

Seismologist

• A scientist who studies earthquakes

Fault

• This is the crack that separates plate boundaries

Seismic Waves

• Earthquake waves

Primary Waves

• The first waves to be felt in the earthquake

Supervolcano

• The largest and most rare of volcanoes.. Their calderas can be many miles wide and deep. Yellowstone is an example of this type of volcano.

Stratocone Volcano

• A type of volcano that has explosive magma… has alternating explosions of lava and magma and examples are Pompeii and Mt St. Helens.

Shield Cone

• Type of Volcano that is low and flat and has oozing lava.. Example is Hawaii.

Convergent Boundary

• Plate boundary where plates are coming together

Plates

Broken sections of earth’s crust

Plates

Broken sections of earth’s crust

Plate Boundary

Place where two plates come together

Transform Boundary

Plate Boundary that involves plates that slide or grind past each other.

Subduction Zone

Ocean Crust is destroyed at this boundary as it sinks below other crust.

Divergent

Plate boundary where two plates move apart

Terrestrial Planets

Small planets, close to the sun that are made of rock and metal

Gas Giants

The largest planets made of hydrogen and helium… also known as the Jovian Planets