Download - Behaviour change and incentive modelling for water saving: first results from the SmartH2O project
Behaviour change and incentive modelling for water saving:
first results from the SmartH2O project
Jasminko Novak, Mark Melenhorst, Isabel Micheel, Chiara Pasini, Piero Fraternali, Andre Rizzoli
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Motivating households to savewater
Key question:Howcan usersbe motivated to sustainably changetheir waterconsumption behaviour and how smartmeterfeedbackcansupportthis process?
InSmartH2Owehavedeveloped abehavioural changesupportsystemto encourage household watersaving.
Currentwork• Incentivemodeland behavioural changeapproachfor the
SmartH2Osystem.Key elements:• Smartmeterfeedback,consumption visualisations,and gamification
• Firstevaluation results from areal-world pilot
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Changing household waterbehaviour
MonitoringActionContemplationPre-contemplation
Changing waterconsumption behaviour isperceived asamultistage processDifferentstages,differentneeds,differentincentives
Transtheoretical modelofbehavioural change(Prochaska &DiDeclemente,1992)
Therole ofgamification:the use ofgamedesignelements innon-gamecontexts(Deterding,2011)• Virtual,social,and physical rewards keepusersengaged• Rewards areinterwoven withmechanisms that promote behavioural change.• Ongoing usage ofthe SmartH2Osystemisexpected to build intrinsic motivation,
resulting inasustainable changeofbehaviour
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SmartH2Oincentivemodel
MonitoringActionContemplationPre-contemplation
Waterconsumption feedback
Actionable tips Actionable tips
Virtual,social,physical rewards
Self-setgoals
Hybrid onlineand cardgames
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SmartH2Oinaction:consumption
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Water consumptionn
Impactofwatersaving
Rewarding watersaving behaviour
Easilyunderstandablevisualisation
Comparison w/pastbehavior
Rewardinggoalsetting
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SmartH2Oinaction:gamification
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Virtual,social,physical rewards
watersaving
Pointsarecollectedonfourdifferentthematicareas.TheSmartH2Osystemfeaturesbadgesandaleaderboard.
Thematicareas:
datacollection
waterefficiencyeducation
participation
Social comparisonAwardachievements
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Validation:two casestudies
LOCARNO | CH~400 smart water meters installed
VALENCIA | ES~490,000 smart water meters installed
Two real-world deployments oftheSmartH2Oplatform• Swisscasestudy (Tegna):small-scale validation
• testing and tuning oftheincentivemodeland gamification techniques• testing themeasurement infrastructure,systemand useracceptance
• Spanishcasestudy (Valencia):large-scale validation• full-scale operational roll-outofanewEMIVASAcustomerservice• validation ofSmartH2Oreal-world impactinwatersaving
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Firstresults:Swisscasestudy
Consumptionclass
Averagereduction
Low 41.2%Medium-low 26.9%Medium-high 41.2%High 21.2%Overall 33.8%
Seasonal influences accountfor25-30%ofthe reduction
Preliminaryresults inwaterconsumption reductionFirstresults ofportalwith visualisations and tips,butwithoutgamification
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Firstresults:Swisscasestudy
Status:• 49registered users• 46for theDrop!Game
Positive technologyacceptance results• Performanceexpectancy• Effortexpectancy• Attitudetowards
technology
(UTAUT,Venkatesh etal.,2003)
SmartH2O – Validation Methodology D7.2 Version 1.0
of 15 did indicate that the portal increased their chances of achieving things that are important to them (Figure 35).
Figure 33. Effort expectancy (ease of use).
Figure 34. Attitude towards using technology.
Technologyacceptance results forvisualisations and watersaving tips,notfor gamification (yet)
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Preliminarygamification results
Datashowpromising leaduseractivity onthe platform,includinginteraction with gamification,already after shorttime• Peakactivity after initial incentivesand rewards• Activitylevelremains constantafter initial peak• Usersinteract with gamification elements (e.g.badges,rewards)
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Conclusions and nextsteps
Conclusions• Behavioural psychology wasused to constructagamified incentive
modelfor areal-world application to savewater,offeringsupportto usersacross the behavioural changeprocess.
• Initial promising findings were foundinasmall-scale pilot
Future work• Large-scale validation inValenciawith potentially ~500k
households,featuring:• experimental comparison ofSmartH2Ovs.acontrolgroup• the currently presented system,extended with social sharing
features• supported by promotioncampaigns to recruit users