Download - Better Hearing And Speech Month
Celebrate Better Hearing and Speech Month
TxTeam partnered with Frederick Memorial Hospital
May 2010
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association consist of:
Speech-Language Pathologists assess, diagnose, treat, and help to prevent disorders related to speech, language, cognitive-communication, voice, swallowing, and fluency to individuals of all ages.
Audiologists work with people who have hearing, balance, and related ear problems. They examine individuals of all ages and identify those with the symptoms of hearing loss and other auditory, balance, and related sensory and neural problems.
Speech Sound Development: Three muscle areas must demonstrate proper coordination to produce accurate speech sounds.
Articulators
Lips Tongue Jaw
Fluency Development:Three subsystems must demonstrate proper coordination to produce fluent speech.
Respiration
PhonationArticulation
Voice Development:The following subsystems must coordinate to function the human
voice properly.
Vocal Folds of the Larynx
Articulators
Lungs/Respiratory System
Language Development:The following must coordinate properly to demonstrate adequate
Receptive, Expressive, Pragmatic language skills.
Physical- Sensory
Social- Behavior
Cognitive-Linguistic
Audiology and Hearing Development:Proper hearing includes proper coordination of the outer, middle, and inner ear.
Outer Ear
Middle EarInner Ear
Feeding and Swallowing Development:Proper feeding and swallowing must include the following coordination.
Bite/Chew
Masticating Food
Swallow
The Disorders
Speech Sound Disorder : the disruption of the articulation (speech –motor-control) and phonology development (language knowledge).
Speech sounds disorders can be seen in the following disorders noted below.
Cleft Palate
Dysarthria
AccentModification
PhonologicalProcesses
ArticulationDisorder
Apraxia of Speech In Adults
OrofacialMyofunctional
Disorder
ChildhoodApraxia of
Speech
Speech SoundDisorders
Fluency Disorder is a dysrhythmic flow of speech consisting of various repetitions, prolongations, interjections, pauses, broken words,
revisions, and incomplete sentences. Fluency disorders can be found in the following disorders.
ClutteringCluttering
AphasiasAphasias
DysarthriasDysarthrias
StutteringStuttering
FluencyDisordersFluency
Disorders
Voice Disorder is a disturbance of pitch, loudness, or quality in relation to an individual’s age, gender, and cultural background.
Voice Disorders
Quality Pitch Intensity
Shimmer:rough or soft
HoarsnessHarshness
Strain-strangledBreathy
Glottal Fry
Jitter: tremor and HoarsnessStridencyFalcetto
Vertilization
Related Voice Disorders
Resonance Disorders
Transgender/Transexual
LaryngealCancer
Aphonia
SpasmodicDysphonia
ParadoxicalVocal FoldMovement
Vocal Cord Paralysis
Vocal CordNodules and
Polyps
Ventilator
Tracheostomy
VoiceDisorders
Language Disorder is the abnormal acquisition, comprehension, or use of spoken or written language. This disorder may involve the aspects of
content, form, and use. Classifications of language disorders include:
• Comprehension (receptive language)
• Language production (expressive language)
• Semantics (meaning of words)
• Morphology (grammar)
• Syntax (word order within sentence structures)
• Pragmatics (use of language in social contexts)
• Phonology (speech sound system)
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity
Disorder
Language Based-Learning Disability:
Dyslexia
Aphasias Dementia
Right HemisphereBrain Damage
Traumatic Brain Injury
Autism SpectrumDisorders
Language Disorders
Hearing Impairment
Conductive HearingLoss
Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Mixed Hearing Loss
External OtitisOtitis Media
Serous Otitis MediaAcute Otitis Media
Otosclerosis
RecruitmentVarious Drug intake
Prolong noiseOtotoxic DrugsBirth Defects
STORCH
Swallowing Disorder or Dysphagia involves the impaired coordination of the oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal stages
of swallow.
• Patients will have difficulties with:» Chewing the food» Preparing it for swallow» Initiating the swallow» Propelling the bolus through the pharynx» Passing the food through the esophagus
Signs of Swallowing Disorders
Pain/DrynessWhen swallow
Throat clearing
Less enjoymentOf eating or
drinking
Risk of Aspiration
Dehydration/poorNutrition
Weight loss
Recurring Pneumonia or
Chest congestion
Food or liquidSpillage from
mouth
Extra effort orTime needed to
Chew or swallow
Wet/Gurgly Sound voice
During or aftereating
Coughing duringOr after eating
Signs/Symptoms
Speech-Language Pathologists also interact with other disciplines:
• Dieticians• Occupational
Therapists• Physical Therapists• Otolaryngologists• Pediatricians• Plastic Surgeons• Neurosurgeons• Audiologists
• Dentists• Prosthodontists• Psychologists• Special and
Regular Education Teachers
• Radiologists• Pulmonary
Specialists• Social Workers
References
• Roseberry-McKibbin, C. and Hegde, M.N. (2000). An Advance Review of Speech- Language Pathology.
• Roth, Froma P., and Worthington, Colleen K. (2001). Treatment Resource Manual for Speech-Language Pathology 2nd Edition.
• Lahey, M., and Bloom, L. Language Development and Language Disorders.
Contact Information
Frederick Memorial Hospital (FMH)
Rose Hill Rehabilitation-Outpatient Facility
Speech-Language Pathology Department
1562 Opossumtown Pike
Frederick, Maryland 21702
Phone Number: 240-566-3132