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Big Society and Big Society and LocalismLocalism
Challenges for the Housing Challenges for the Housing AcademyAcademy
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The DiscoursesThe Discourses
►Participation of actors in policy and Participation of actors in policy and deliverydelivery
►Community and mutualityCommunity and mutuality►Voluntary activityVoluntary activity►LocalityLocality
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Also……Also……
►Small governmentSmall government►Reductions in state expenditureReductions in state expenditure►Avoid crowding outAvoid crowding out►Alleviation of povertyAlleviation of poverty►Differences in the discourses?Differences in the discourses?
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Implementation in housingImplementation in housing
►Planning reforms; abolition of regional Planning reforms; abolition of regional house building targetshouse building targets
►Neighbourhood planningNeighbourhood planning►Benefit reformsBenefit reforms►Resident involvement? Any actual Resident involvement? Any actual
changes?changes?►Mutualism and community Mutualism and community
organisation?organisation?
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The State of Housing StudiesThe State of Housing Studies
►Kemeny’s 1986 plea for more Kemeny’s 1986 plea for more theoretical research (from disciplines)theoretical research (from disciplines)
►HTS in 2009HTS in 2009►Much more theory but….Much more theory but….►Some concernsSome concerns
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Some ConcernsSome Concerns
►Positivism!Positivism!► Imperialistic?Imperialistic?►Opens up some inter-disciplinarity but Opens up some inter-disciplinarity but
closes down other opportunities eg closes down other opportunities eg behavioural economics behavioural economics
►Fits well with rational policy process Fits well with rational policy process (which no longer exists?)(which no longer exists?)
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Some concerns 2Some concerns 2
►Lack of an integrated theory of Lack of an integrated theory of housinghousing
►King/ClaphamKing/Clapham►FragmentationFragmentation►Lacunae eg political scienceLacunae eg political science►Reduction of expenditure on housing Reduction of expenditure on housing
researchresearch
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Examination of 4 themesExamination of 4 themes
►New house buildingNew house building►Benefit reformBenefit reform►ParticipationParticipation►MutualityMutuality
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New House BuildingNew House Building
►Planning reformsPlanning reforms►Abolition of targetsAbolition of targets►Neighbourhood planningNeighbourhood planning►Reduction in central government Reduction in central government
guidanceguidance►New homes bonusNew homes bonus
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The research issuesThe research issues
►How much will be builtHow much will be built►Neighbourhood planning from a Neighbourhood planning from a
political science perspectivepolitical science perspective►Democratic Democratic
accountability/participation: power accountability/participation: power relations around housebuildingrelations around housebuilding
►Behavioural elementBehavioural element
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The Behavioural AgendaThe Behavioural Agenda
►Localisation and changes in attitudes Localisation and changes in attitudes (nimbyism)(nimbyism)
►What is nimbyism?What is nimbyism?► Is it selfish?Is it selfish?►Relationship to meaning of home and Relationship to meaning of home and
elective belonging?elective belonging?►Power relationships?Power relationships?►Can it be changed?Can it be changed?
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Benefit ReformsBenefit Reforms
► Impact on the incomes and housing Impact on the incomes and housing circumstances of claimantscircumstances of claimants
►But discourse emphasises changes in But discourse emphasises changes in attitudes and behaviourattitudes and behaviour
►Subjective well-being rather than Subjective well-being rather than economic rationalityeconomic rationality
►Psychological components of well-being Psychological components of well-being (self-esteem/positive feeling about (self-esteem/positive feeling about home)home)
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Benefit ReformsBenefit Reforms
►Dynamic element of changesDynamic element of changes►PathwaysPathways►Other areas of lifeOther areas of life►AgencyAgency►Long termLong term
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ParticipationParticipation
►Different frameworksDifferent frameworks►StructuresStructures►Structures/processes/objectives Structures/processes/objectives
(Cairncross et al)(Cairncross et al)►Foucault and governmentality Foucault and governmentality
(Mckee/Flint)(Mckee/Flint)►Tenants as self-regulating agents subject Tenants as self-regulating agents subject
to ethics of consumerism and duties of to ethics of consumerism and duties of citizenshipcitizenship
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Some issues with participation Some issues with participation researchresearch
►Lack of integrationLack of integration►Desirable and possible?Desirable and possible?► Integrated approach to understanding Integrated approach to understanding
the relationships between tenants, the relationships between tenants, housing managers and the statehousing managers and the state
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Agency in Cairncross et alAgency in Cairncross et al
►Power relationshipsPower relationships►Agency empirically determined rather Agency empirically determined rather
than assumed a priorithan assumed a priori►Rules of the game – but not examined Rules of the game – but not examined
fully fully
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FoucaultFoucault
►Agents are Agents are acquiescent/sceptical/resistantacquiescent/sceptical/resistant
►But competing discourses?But competing discourses?►Range of attitudes and perceptionsRange of attitudes and perceptions►Strong emphasis on “rules of the Strong emphasis on “rules of the
game”game”► Integration possible and desirable as Integration possible and desirable as
same roots in conceptions of powersame roots in conceptions of power
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The Behavioural dimensionThe Behavioural dimension
►to turn passive welfare recipients into to turn passive welfare recipients into autonomous, empowered and autonomous, empowered and responsible individuals. responsible individuals.
► Is this evil?Is this evil?►key components of self-esteem, key components of self-esteem,
positive identity and well-beingpositive identity and well-being ►Needs a psychological dimensionNeeds a psychological dimension
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MutualityMutuality
►Different strand of research?Different strand of research?►Clapham et al/McKeeClapham et al/McKee►More cost-effectiveMore cost-effective►Psychological impact of mutualismPsychological impact of mutualism►The context of mutualism viz McKeeThe context of mutualism viz McKee
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ConclusionConclusion
►Ditch positivism!Ditch positivism!►Limited positivismLimited positivism►Lack of integrationLack of integration►Move towards inter-disciplinarityMove towards inter-disciplinarity►Psychological and political dimensionsPsychological and political dimensions►Housing a good field and the Big Housing a good field and the Big
Society etc a fertile field.Society etc a fertile field.