Download - Bill Clinton -Foreign Policy
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Bill Clinton -Foreign Policy
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Clinton as a Peacemaker
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Al Gore
Vice President
Madeline Albright
2nd Secretary of State
Key Foreign Policy Advisers
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NAFTANorth American Free Trade Agreement
• Created largest free trade zone
Jobs– Lost 127,000 (beginning)– Created 2.5 million (end)
• Traded doubled between the 3 countries
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Oslo Accords
Israel and the PLO
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Oslo Accords• Created Palestinian
Authority (PA)– West Bank– Gaza Strip
• However, violence soon resumed on a more lethal scale
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Treaty of Peace Israel and Jordan
• Normalized relations between the 2 countries
• US forgave a billion debt from Jordan
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Military Coup in Haiti (1991)
Clinton failed to oust Haitian strong man Raoul Cedras
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Haitian Boat People
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Haiti (1994)
Jimmy Carter Colin Powell
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Operation Uphold Democracy
Jean-Bertrand Aristide returned to power 1994
• US threatened to invade unless Cedras gives up power
• US planes in the air when Cedras gives up power
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North Korea
Kim Il Sung (Died 1994)
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Kim Jong Il -The Dear LeaderWanted World Respect
Making Nuclear Weapons
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North Korea –Agreed Framework(October 21, 1994)
North Korea– Will freeze and dismantle
nuclear bomb making capability
– Inspectors permitted
United States– Provided $4 billion in aid
• Oil• Light-water nuclear reactors
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Kim Jong Il -The Dear Leader• Has $4 billion in Swiss
bank accounts
• Owns 8 worldwide villas
• Bought 200 Mercedes S Class cars -$100,000
(1998)
• Owns over 200,000 movies
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Vietnam
• Embargo lifted
–February 3, 1994
• Recognition
–July 11, 1995
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Vietnam –Official VisitNovember 16, 2000
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Yugoslavia “The powder keg of Europe”
• 6 republics• 5 nations• 4 languages• 3 religions• 2 alphabets• 1 political party
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Communist Josip Tito Died 1980
Country goes into chaos
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Break up of YugoslaviaIndependence
• Slovenia – June 25, 1991
• Croatia– June 25, 1991
• Macedonia– Sept. 8, 1991
• Bosnia-Herzegovina– April 6,1992
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Serbia President Slobodan Milosevic
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“The Butcher of the Balkans”
• “Where ever there is a Serb, there is Serbia.”
• Sent Serbian forces to “protect” Serbs in other
areas.– Croatia (1991)
– Bosnia-Herzegovina (1992)
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Srebrenica, Bosnia July 13 – 22, 1995
• UN safe haven
• nearly 8,000 men and boys executed
• Hundreds of woman raped
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Operation Deliberate ForceAugust 30 – September 20, 1995
• Military Action to pressure Milosevic to
negotiate
• First NATO military action
(3,515 sorties)
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Dayton AccordsDecember 14, 1995
• Ended the fighting in Bosnia
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Good Friday AgreementApril 10, 1998
• IRA agreed to the “cessation” all military
action• Political compromises
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Russian-American Relations
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The Cold War: Part II?
Feels Like
Containment
New NATO Members
• Czech Republic
• Hungary
• Poland
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Warheads
US: 3,500
Russia: 2,997
START II (2000)
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Fighting Terrorism
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USS Cole (October 12, 2000)Adem, Yemen
• 17 killed and 39 wounded
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Osama
bin Laden
and
Al Qaeda
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Clinton and Military Action
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Problems with Hussein and Iraq
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Operation Desert Strike September 3, 1996
Problem: 40,000 Iraqi troops gathered on the northern border of No Fly Zone
SUCCESS:
Iraqi Army withdrew from No Fly Zone Border
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Operation Desert Fox December 16 – 19, 1998
Problem: Hussein did not allow weapons inspectors access
SUCCESS
• over 100 targets
destroyed set back
programs a year
FAILURE
• Hussein still did not let UN
weapons inspectors
back into Iraq
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Somalia Operation Restore Hope
Mohammed
Farah Aidid
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Somalia –Operation Gothic SerpentOctober 3-4, 1993
19 killed, 84 wounded
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Presidential Decision Directive 25
United States is
leaving the
mission to the
United Nations
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Blackhawk
Down
(2001)
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Rwanda –Hutu vs. Tutsi
800,000 killed in 89 days1998 – Clinton makes visit, meets survivors and
offers apology for not taking actions to help
April – July, 1994
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Fighting Terrorism
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Operation Infinite ReachAugust 20, 1998
attacks on terrorist bases
Sudan Afghanistan
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Memorandum of Notification
Clinton gave the
order to the CIA
to use lethal
force to kill
bin Laden
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Back to the BalkansDayton Accords
-stopped Serbian forces in Bosnia
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Slobodan Milosevic attacked Ethnic
Albanians in
Kosovo
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The Kosovo WarOperation Allied Force
March 24 – June 10, 1999
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Clinton Doctrine• “Genocide is in
and of itself a national interest where we should
act.”
• “. . . and if it’s within our power to stop, we will
stop it.”
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Operation Allied Force
General Wesley Clark
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Operation Allied Force
• Over 38,000 sorties– 2 planes hit
– No war deaths
• All 19 NATO members had to
agree to bombing targets
• No ground troops
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Operation Allied Force• Dogfight –Yugoslav
fighter engaged by 24 NATO fighters
• 99.6% of 20,000 bombs and missiles
hit their targets (DOD)
• Hit Chinese embassy– 3 killed
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President Slobodan Milosevic
• Arrested April 1, 2001
• Trial February 12, 2002
• Died March 11, 2006
• Died Again March 6, 2007
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You Got a Friend in Pristina
Dedicated Nov 2, 2009
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It’s not so foreign, anymore!