Download - BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL
![Page 1: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL
GUIDED BY PRESENTED BY
Dr GIRIDHAR R. NAIR ANJANA S. NAIR Roll No:7102
![Page 2: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
CONTENTS What is a Biofuel ?? Bioethanol Biodiesel Introduction to biobutanol Strains and substrate used and corresponding yields Genetic engineering in biobutanol production Bioreactors for biobutanol production Bioseparation Biobutanol production and major challenges Conclusion Recommendations Reference
![Page 3: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is a BIOFUEL?? Type of energy derived from renewable plant and animal material Burns cleanly Commonly used biofuels:- Ethanol Biodiesel Biobutanol
![Page 4: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
BIOETHANOL Alcohol Commonly made from corn or sugarcane Used as an engine fuel
![Page 5: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
BIOETHANOLADVANTAGES Can be blended with other fossil fuels Reduces greenhouse gases Biodegradable
DISADVANTAGES Needs large amount of land to produce biomass More than 10% ethanol content is not compatible
![Page 6: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
BIODIESEL A substitute for diesel fuel Commonly made from soybeans, based on oil Used in trucks, diesel cars, etc.
![Page 7: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
BIODIESELADVANTAGES Performs just like normal diesel Causes less air pollution and is biodegradable. Does not contain sulphur Produces 78% less carbon dioxide than diesel
DISADVANTAGES More expensive than diesel Attracts moisture
![Page 8: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
BIOFUELS
BIOETHANOL
BIOGAS
BIODIESELBIOBUTANOL
![Page 9: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
INTRODUCTION TO BIOBUTANOL
Second generation alcoholic fuel Has higher > energy density > polarity > combustion value > octane rating Less corrosive Less volatile
![Page 10: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
INTRODUCTION TO BIOBUTANOL Produced by fermentation Cost depends on the price of feed stock Cheaper sources are agricultural wastes, cheese whey, etc. Separation by distillation
![Page 11: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
INTRODUCTION TO BIOBUTANOLPRODUCTION DIFFICULTIES Product Inhibition Anaerobic fermentation Formation of azeotrops during separation
![Page 12: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
PROPERTIES OF BIOBUTANOL
ALTERNATIVE NAMES 1-Butanol,Butyl alcohol, Butyl hydroxide, Methylopropane, propylcarbinol
IUPAC NAME Butan-1-olMOLECULAR FORMULA C4H10OMOLAR MASS 74.122 g / molDENSITY 0.8098 g/cm3
VISCOSITY -89.5oCBOILING POINT 117.7oCFLASH POINT 35OC
![Page 13: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
ADVANTAGES OF BIOBUTANOL Can be blended with gasoline in higher amounts Can be transported via existing infrastructure Can be produced using same fermentation plants and
same sugar and cellulosic feedstock as ethanol Has a higher theoretical yield than glucose or other
glucose equivalents
![Page 14: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ADVANTAGES OF BIOBUTANOL Enhanced tolerance to water contamination Better fuel economy due to higher energy density Oxygenated fuels can reduce HC- and CO-emissions
because of improved combustion efficiency
![Page 15: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
DIFFERENT STRAINS AND SUBSTRATE USED AND CORRESPONDING YIELDS
MICROORGANISM SUBSTRATE YIELD C. acetobutylicum Cheese whey 15% for 0.54 h-1
dilution
Cassava bagasse 32% ,76.4 g.l-1
C. beijerinckii Corn Stover 43%,18.04 g.l-1
of total solvent
Glucose 17.54 g.l-1 butanol
![Page 16: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
MICROORGANISMS SUBSTRATE YIELD C. sporogenes
Rice straw 3.49 g.l-1 butanol,
5.32 g. l -1 total
solvent
C. pasteurianum
Glycerol 8.8 g.l-1
DIFFERENT STRAINS AND SUBSTRATE USED AND CORRESPONDING YIELDS
![Page 17: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
METABOLISM OF CLOSTRIDIA STRAIN
Acidogenesis - substrate acids Solventogenesis -substrates & acid solvents
![Page 18: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
GENETIC ENGINEERING IN BIOBUTANOL PRODUCTION
Modified strainsInserting over expressing genesIntroducing genes of C. acetobutylicum
into E. coli and yeast
![Page 19: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
BIOREACTORS FOR BIOBUTANOL PRODUCTION
Anaerobic bioreactors. Operations for production can be accomplished in > batch > fed-batch > continuous modes Continuous packed bed reactors can be used. Batch reactor is preferred.
![Page 20: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
SourceReactor
Clostridium
Biobutanol
BIOREACTORS
![Page 21: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
BIOSEPERATION Mainly by distillation Continuous recovery by Adsorption Gas stripping Liquid-liquid interaction Flash fermentation
![Page 22: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
BIOSEPERATION- FLOW CHART
![Page 23: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
PRODUCTION – FLOW CHART
![Page 24: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
BIOBUTANOL PRODUCERS
BUTAMAXTM
CATHAY COBALT TECHNOLOGIES
![Page 25: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
MAJOR CHALLENGES FOR BIOBUTANOL
Low butanol concentration Product inhibition Expensive
![Page 28: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
CONCLUSION An advanced biofuel Has many advantages Still there are problems to rectify Commercially produced in Europe and North America Asia Pacific and rest of the world is still depending on
conventional fossil fuels
![Page 29: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Energy crisis afflicted country like India can produce biobutanol commercially
Can be produced from banana peel, bamboo, waste paper, vegetable skins, etc.
Aerobic fermentation using TU- 103 , a clostridium sp.
RECOMMENDATIONS
![Page 30: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
REFERENCES1. Luiz J Visioli, Heveline Enzweiler, Raquel C Kuhn, Marcio Schwaab and Marcio
A Mazutti : Recent advances on biobutanol production, 2014; 2:15, 97105-900.
2. Durre P. Biobutanol: an attractive biofuel. Biotechnol J. 2007;2:1525-34.
3. Kumar M, Gayen K: Developments in biobutanol production: New insights. Appl Energ 2011, 88:1999–2012.
4. Chen WH, Chen YC, Lin JG: Evaluation of biobutanol production from non- pretreated rice straw hydrolysate under non-sterile environmental conditions. Bioresour Technol 2013, 135:262–268.
![Page 31: BIOBUTANOL- AN ADVANCED BIOFUEL](https://reader033.vdocument.in/reader033/viewer/2022061606/587383f11a28ab272d8b565d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
THANK YOU